Deep Fertilization Is More Beneficial than Enhanced Efficiency Fertilizer on Crop Productivity and Environmental Cost: Evidence from a Global Meta-Analysis

Deep Fertilization Is More Beneficial than Enhanced Efficiency Fertilizer on Crop Productivity and Environmental Cost: Evidence from a Global Meta-Analysis

It is unclear whether enhanced efficiency fertilizer (EEF) or deep fertilization strategies (DF) can simultaneously improve crop productivity and reduce gaseous nitrogen losses. The DF strategy’s investment cost is lower than that of EEF’s, with more potential for large-scale promotion. However, the...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Qi Wu, Hua Huang, Qinhe Wang, Zeyu Liu, Runzhuo Pei, Guosheng Wen, Jinghui Feng, Hao Wang, Peng Zhang, Zhiqiang Gao, Chuangyun Wang, Peng Wu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Agronomy
Subjects:
global meta-analysis
deep fertilization
enhanced efficiency fertilizer
gaseous nitrogen
sustainable development
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/5/1103
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