Branched-Chain Amino Acid (BCAA) Oligopeptide Determination from Whey Proteins: Preparation, Peptide Profiles, and Anti-Fatigue Activity
Whey proteins have anti-fatigue activity, but there are few studies that have reported the ameliorative effects of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) oligopeptides from whey proteins on fatigue in mice. The purposes of this study were to establish a process for the preparation of BCAA oligopeptides fr...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-12-01
|
| Series: | Foods |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/1/32 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1841549196014911488 |
|---|---|
| author | Qiong Zhu Renjie Zhou Xiping Zhu Xiangru Lu Binli Ai Qibin Zhuang Chun Cui |
| author_facet | Qiong Zhu Renjie Zhou Xiping Zhu Xiangru Lu Binli Ai Qibin Zhuang Chun Cui |
| author_sort | Qiong Zhu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Whey proteins have anti-fatigue activity, but there are few studies that have reported the ameliorative effects of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) oligopeptides from whey proteins on fatigue in mice. The purposes of this study were to establish a process for the preparation of BCAA oligopeptides from whey protein and to investigate the anti-fatigue activity of BCAA oligopeptides. Whey proteins were hydrolyzed by trypsin and flavourzyme and purified by ethanol precipitation and reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Fraction D’ was found to contain the highest content of BCAAs and a high proportion of low-molecular-weight peptides (<1 kDa; content: 81.48%). Subsequently, mass spectrometry identified 15 BCAA oligopeptides in Fraction D’, including three dipeptides, six tripeptides, two tetrapeptides, and four pentapeptides. In addition, animal experiments showed that BCAA oligopeptides significantly prolonged the residence time on the rod and swimming time of mice. Further studies showed that BCAA oligopeptides remarkably reduced serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) synthesis in the brain by down-regulating the plasma-free tryptophan (F-Trp)/BCAA ratio, thereby alleviating fatigue. Therefore, BCAA oligopeptides can be used as an auxiliary functional dietary molecule in functional products to exert anti-fatigue activity by regulating 5-HT synthesis. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0921b952406b47ce873260093c1ac279 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj-art-0921b952406b47ce873260093c1ac2792025-01-10T13:17:34ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582024-12-011413210.3390/foods14010032Branched-Chain Amino Acid (BCAA) Oligopeptide Determination from Whey Proteins: Preparation, Peptide Profiles, and Anti-Fatigue ActivityQiong Zhu0Renjie Zhou1Xiping Zhu2Xiangru Lu3Binli Ai4Qibin Zhuang5Chun Cui6College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, ChinaCollege of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, ChinaCollege of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, ChinaCollege of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, ChinaCollege of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, ChinaCollege of Biological and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, ChinaSchool of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, ChinaWhey proteins have anti-fatigue activity, but there are few studies that have reported the ameliorative effects of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) oligopeptides from whey proteins on fatigue in mice. The purposes of this study were to establish a process for the preparation of BCAA oligopeptides from whey protein and to investigate the anti-fatigue activity of BCAA oligopeptides. Whey proteins were hydrolyzed by trypsin and flavourzyme and purified by ethanol precipitation and reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Fraction D’ was found to contain the highest content of BCAAs and a high proportion of low-molecular-weight peptides (<1 kDa; content: 81.48%). Subsequently, mass spectrometry identified 15 BCAA oligopeptides in Fraction D’, including three dipeptides, six tripeptides, two tetrapeptides, and four pentapeptides. In addition, animal experiments showed that BCAA oligopeptides significantly prolonged the residence time on the rod and swimming time of mice. Further studies showed that BCAA oligopeptides remarkably reduced serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) synthesis in the brain by down-regulating the plasma-free tryptophan (F-Trp)/BCAA ratio, thereby alleviating fatigue. Therefore, BCAA oligopeptides can be used as an auxiliary functional dietary molecule in functional products to exert anti-fatigue activity by regulating 5-HT synthesis.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/1/32whey proteinbranched-chain amino acid (BCAA)oligopeptidesserotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT)anti-fatigue activity |
| spellingShingle | Qiong Zhu Renjie Zhou Xiping Zhu Xiangru Lu Binli Ai Qibin Zhuang Chun Cui Branched-Chain Amino Acid (BCAA) Oligopeptide Determination from Whey Proteins: Preparation, Peptide Profiles, and Anti-Fatigue Activity Foods whey protein branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) oligopeptides serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) anti-fatigue activity |
| title | Branched-Chain Amino Acid (BCAA) Oligopeptide Determination from Whey Proteins: Preparation, Peptide Profiles, and Anti-Fatigue Activity |
| title_full | Branched-Chain Amino Acid (BCAA) Oligopeptide Determination from Whey Proteins: Preparation, Peptide Profiles, and Anti-Fatigue Activity |
| title_fullStr | Branched-Chain Amino Acid (BCAA) Oligopeptide Determination from Whey Proteins: Preparation, Peptide Profiles, and Anti-Fatigue Activity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Branched-Chain Amino Acid (BCAA) Oligopeptide Determination from Whey Proteins: Preparation, Peptide Profiles, and Anti-Fatigue Activity |
| title_short | Branched-Chain Amino Acid (BCAA) Oligopeptide Determination from Whey Proteins: Preparation, Peptide Profiles, and Anti-Fatigue Activity |
| title_sort | branched chain amino acid bcaa oligopeptide determination from whey proteins preparation peptide profiles and anti fatigue activity |
| topic | whey protein branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) oligopeptides serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) anti-fatigue activity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/1/32 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT qiongzhu branchedchainaminoacidbcaaoligopeptidedeterminationfromwheyproteinspreparationpeptideprofilesandantifatigueactivity AT renjiezhou branchedchainaminoacidbcaaoligopeptidedeterminationfromwheyproteinspreparationpeptideprofilesandantifatigueactivity AT xipingzhu branchedchainaminoacidbcaaoligopeptidedeterminationfromwheyproteinspreparationpeptideprofilesandantifatigueactivity AT xiangrulu branchedchainaminoacidbcaaoligopeptidedeterminationfromwheyproteinspreparationpeptideprofilesandantifatigueactivity AT binliai branchedchainaminoacidbcaaoligopeptidedeterminationfromwheyproteinspreparationpeptideprofilesandantifatigueactivity AT qibinzhuang branchedchainaminoacidbcaaoligopeptidedeterminationfromwheyproteinspreparationpeptideprofilesandantifatigueactivity AT chuncui branchedchainaminoacidbcaaoligopeptidedeterminationfromwheyproteinspreparationpeptideprofilesandantifatigueactivity |