Nicotinamide Mononucleotide and Nicotinamide Riboside Improve Dyslipidemia and Fatty Liver but Promote Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E Knockout Mice
<b>Background:</b> Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and nicotinamide riboside (NR) are intermediary products in NAD+ metabolism. NMN and NR supplementation can elevate NAD+ levels in tissues, addressing health issues associated with aging and obesity. However, the impact of NMN and NR o...
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2025-02-01
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| author | Pin Wang Jia-Xin Li Yuan-Yuan Kong Si-Li Zheng Chao-Yu Miao |
| author_facet | Pin Wang Jia-Xin Li Yuan-Yuan Kong Si-Li Zheng Chao-Yu Miao |
| author_sort | Pin Wang |
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| description | <b>Background:</b> Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and nicotinamide riboside (NR) are intermediary products in NAD+ metabolism. NMN and NR supplementation can elevate NAD+ levels in tissues, addressing health issues associated with aging and obesity. However, the impact of NMN and NR on atherosclerosis remains incompletely elucidated. <b>Methods:</b> C57BL/6J and Apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE<sup>−/−</sup>) mice were used to explore the impact of NMN and NR supplementation on serum lipids, fatty liver, and atherosclerosis. Additionally, various suppliers, administration protocols, and doses on ApoE<sup>−/−</sup> mice were investigated. <b>Results:</b> The intragastric administration of NMN (300 mg/kg) and NR (230 mg/kg) reduced body weight, serum lipids, and fatty liver but aggravated atherosclerosis in ApoE<sup>−/−</sup> mice after 4 months of administration with different suppliers. Atherosclerosis also deteriorated after 2 months of different NMN administration protocols (intragastric and water administration) in ApoE<sup>−/−</sup> mice with existing plaques. The effects of NMN were dose-dependent, and doses around 100 mg/kg had little harmful effects on atherosclerosis. <b>Conclusions:</b> NMN and NR improve dyslipidemia and fatty liver but promote atherosclerosis in ApoE<sup>−/−</sup> mice. These findings emphasize the safe dosage for the clinical trials of NMN. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | OA Journals |
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| spelling | doaj-art-07e74c0765b1494a8ae00221a4e51d442025-08-20T01:48:45ZengMDPI AGPharmaceuticals1424-82472025-02-0118328110.3390/ph18030281Nicotinamide Mononucleotide and Nicotinamide Riboside Improve Dyslipidemia and Fatty Liver but Promote Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E Knockout MicePin Wang0Jia-Xin Li1Yuan-Yuan Kong2Si-Li Zheng3Chao-Yu Miao4Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, ChinaDepartment of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, ChinaDepartment of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, ChinaDepartment of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, ChinaDepartment of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China<b>Background:</b> Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and nicotinamide riboside (NR) are intermediary products in NAD+ metabolism. NMN and NR supplementation can elevate NAD+ levels in tissues, addressing health issues associated with aging and obesity. However, the impact of NMN and NR on atherosclerosis remains incompletely elucidated. <b>Methods:</b> C57BL/6J and Apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE<sup>−/−</sup>) mice were used to explore the impact of NMN and NR supplementation on serum lipids, fatty liver, and atherosclerosis. Additionally, various suppliers, administration protocols, and doses on ApoE<sup>−/−</sup> mice were investigated. <b>Results:</b> The intragastric administration of NMN (300 mg/kg) and NR (230 mg/kg) reduced body weight, serum lipids, and fatty liver but aggravated atherosclerosis in ApoE<sup>−/−</sup> mice after 4 months of administration with different suppliers. Atherosclerosis also deteriorated after 2 months of different NMN administration protocols (intragastric and water administration) in ApoE<sup>−/−</sup> mice with existing plaques. The effects of NMN were dose-dependent, and doses around 100 mg/kg had little harmful effects on atherosclerosis. <b>Conclusions:</b> NMN and NR improve dyslipidemia and fatty liver but promote atherosclerosis in ApoE<sup>−/−</sup> mice. These findings emphasize the safe dosage for the clinical trials of NMN.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/18/3/281nicotinamide mononucleotidenicotinamide ribosideApoE knockout micefatty liveratherosclerosis |
| spellingShingle | Pin Wang Jia-Xin Li Yuan-Yuan Kong Si-Li Zheng Chao-Yu Miao Nicotinamide Mononucleotide and Nicotinamide Riboside Improve Dyslipidemia and Fatty Liver but Promote Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E Knockout Mice Pharmaceuticals nicotinamide mononucleotide nicotinamide riboside ApoE knockout mice fatty liver atherosclerosis |
| title | Nicotinamide Mononucleotide and Nicotinamide Riboside Improve Dyslipidemia and Fatty Liver but Promote Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E Knockout Mice |
| title_full | Nicotinamide Mononucleotide and Nicotinamide Riboside Improve Dyslipidemia and Fatty Liver but Promote Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E Knockout Mice |
| title_fullStr | Nicotinamide Mononucleotide and Nicotinamide Riboside Improve Dyslipidemia and Fatty Liver but Promote Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E Knockout Mice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nicotinamide Mononucleotide and Nicotinamide Riboside Improve Dyslipidemia and Fatty Liver but Promote Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E Knockout Mice |
| title_short | Nicotinamide Mononucleotide and Nicotinamide Riboside Improve Dyslipidemia and Fatty Liver but Promote Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E Knockout Mice |
| title_sort | nicotinamide mononucleotide and nicotinamide riboside improve dyslipidemia and fatty liver but promote atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein e knockout mice |
| topic | nicotinamide mononucleotide nicotinamide riboside ApoE knockout mice fatty liver atherosclerosis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/18/3/281 |
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