Periplaneta americana extract (L.) promotes hair regrowth in Alopecia areata mice by reducing inflammation and modulating skin microbiota

Periplaneta americana extract (L.) promotes hair regrowth in Alopecia areata mice by reducing inflammation and modulating skin microbiota

IntroductionAlopecia areata (AA), an autoimmune hair-loss disease due to follicular inflammatory cell infiltration, lacks an ideal cure. The Periplaneta Americana (PA) extract (PA-011), a traditional Chinese medicine with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, tissue-repair-promoting, and immune-regulating...

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Main Authors: Tangfei Guan, Xin Yang, Canhui Hong, Jiali Zhu, Peiyun Xiao, Yongshou Yang, Chenggui Zhang, Zhengchun He
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-08-01
Series:Frontiers in Pharmacology
Subjects:
Alopecia areata
Periplaneta americana (L.) extract
network pharmacology
transcriptomics
metabolomics
microbiomics
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2025.1590648/full
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Summary:IntroductionAlopecia areata (AA), an autoimmune hair-loss disease due to follicular inflammatory cell infiltration, lacks an ideal cure. The Periplaneta Americana (PA) extract (PA-011), a traditional Chinese medicine with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, tissue-repair-promoting, and immune-regulating properties, was studied for its AA-treating effects.MethodsGuided by network pharmacology, AA model mice were treated with PA-011. Hair growth, skin tissue, inflammatory factors, and Wnt protein levels were examined. Transcriptomics, metabolomics, and 16S rRNA sequencing explored the hair-growth-promoting mechanisms.ResultsNetwork pharmacology showed PA-011 could regulate AA-related targets and pathways. PA-011 intervention promoted hair follicle cell proliferation and hair growth in AA mice, reduced skin TNF-α, IL-23, and VCAM-1 expression. Transcriptomics and WB analysis indicated PA-011 downregulated inflammatory genes, activated Wnt3a, and modulated the TGF-β pathway. Metabolomics found PA-011 regulated metabolic pathways. 16S rRNA analysis showed it reversed AA-induced skin microbiota changes, inhibiting pathogens and promoting probiotics. Multi-omics analysis revealed PA-011 regulated skin microbiota and metabolic balance for hair growth.DiscussionIn conclusion, PA-011 alleviates AA by reducing skin inflammation and modulating skin microbiota, suggesting its potential as an AA therapeutic.
ISSN:1663-9812

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