Evaluating Coupling Security and Joint Risks in Northeast China Agricultural Systems Based on Copula Functions and the Rel–Cor–Res Framework

Evaluating Coupling Security and Joint Risks in Northeast China Agricultural Systems Based on Copula Functions and the Rel–Cor–Res Framework

Ensuring the security of agricultural systems is essential for achieving national food security and sustainable development. Given that agricultural systems are inherently complex and composed of coupled subsystems—such as water, land, and energy—a comprehensive and multidimensional assessment of sy...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Huanyu Chang, Yong Zhao, Yongqiang Cao, He Ren, Jiaqi Yao, Rong Liu, Wei Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Agriculture
Subjects:
agricultural system coupling security
reliability–coordination–resilience
water–land–energy
Copula function
joint risks
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/15/13/1338
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