Unified solution of earth pressure at the end of shallow buried shield at different driving angles

Abstract This study develops a three-dimensional sliding block model for estimating average face pressure in shield tunneling, considering three distinct driving directions based on limit equilibrium theory. The sliding surfaces initiate from the horizontal planes at both tunnel sides. The geometric...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Zunqun Xiao, Shumin Zhang, Caiyun Xu, Haineng Dong, Hao li, Xuchao Sun, Minghui Deng, Puyu Li, Yuepeng Zheng
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-06-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-01523-z
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