The constrained-disorder principle defines the functions of systems in nature by Yaron Ilan

“…The Constrained Disorder Principle (CDP) defines all systems in nature by their degree of inherent variability. Per the CDP, the intrinsic variability is mandatory for their proper function and is dynamically changed based on pressures. …”
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On empirical Bayes estimation of multivariate regression coefficient by R. J. Karunamuni, L. Wei

“…We investigate the empirical Bayes estimation problem of multivariate regression coefficients under squared error loss function. In particular, we consider the regression model Y=Xβ+ε, where Y is an m-vector of observations, X is a known m×k matrix, β is an unknown k-vector, and ε is an m-vector of unobservable random variables. …”
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An efficient dynamic reliability method for maglev vehicle-bridge systems and its application in random controller parameters analysis by Lidong Wang, Qingrong Li, Xun Zhang, Xiumeng Bu, Peng Hu, Yan Han

“…Next, an adaptive surrogate model of the equivalent extreme value of the system dynamic response is established by combining an adaptive sampling method with radial basis functions. Finally, the adaptive surrogate model and PDEM are combined to further improve the efficiency of the dynamic reliability analysis. …”
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Induction Motor Geometric Parameter Optimization Using a Metaheuristic Optimization Method for High-Efficiency Motor Design by Hasbi Apaydin, Necibe Füsun Oyman Serteller, Yüksel Oğuz

“…Ten motor design parameters were used as design variables. IM efficiency was improved, as the objective function. …”
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An analysis of agricultural production efficiency of Yellow River Basin based on a three-stage DEA Malmquist model by Xiejun Cheng, Jinxin Bian, Dongmei He, Decai Tang

“…Abstract Agriculture functions as the cornerstone of national development, and the Yellow River Basin (YRB) plays a crucial role in China’s economy. …”
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Consumptive Water Use and Efficiency of Irrigated U.S. Corn: Learning From Hundreds of Site‐Management‐Year Observations by Meetpal S. Kukal

“…With the largest water footprint, irrigated corn production in the U.S. must be assessed for its ETc and water use efficiency (WUE) at a scale meaningful for producers and water managers. …”
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Efficient Explainable Models for Alzheimer’s Disease Classification with Feature Selection and Data Balancing Approach Using Ensemble Learning by Yogita Dubey, Aditya Bhongade, Prachi Palsodkar, Punit Fulzele

“…Clinical data, including a range of cognitive, functional, and demographic variables, play a crucial role in Alzheimer’s disease classification. …”
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Evaluating the efficiency of emergency operation centers during pandemics: a cross-sectional study with operational managers in Iran by Majid Sartipi, Majid Sartipi, Asiye Aminafshar, Asiye Aminafshar, Abdolrazzagh Pakzad, Mohammadreza Shafiei, Hojjat Farahmandnia, Asghar Tavan

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Lightweight deep learning system for automated bone age assessment in Chinese children: enhancing clinical efficiency and diagnostic accuracy by Pang Hai, Zhang Bin, Liu Kesheng, Li Cong, Xu Fei

“…The second stage employs a modified EfficientNetB3 architecture for fine-grained epiphyseal grade classification, enhanced by the Rectified Adam (RAdam) optimizer and a composite loss function combining center loss and weighted cross-entropy to mitigate class imbalance. …”
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Optimization of Liquefied Air Energy Storage System Coupled with Organic Rankine Cycle by Jianshe LI, Yihua DONG, Haihua LUO

“…To construct the liquefied air energy storage model coupled with organic Rankine cycle, the system cycle efficiency and the exergy efficiency in the air energy release and generation stage are set as objective functions. …”
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Deformation Characteristic Analysis and Engineering Application of a Variable Cross-sectional Flexible Pin by Chen Hengjian, Xiao Shuhong

“…The deflection equation and slope-deflection equation of the variable cross-sectional flexible pin are obtained by using the Green's function method. …”
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Machine Learning and Statistical Analyses of Sensor Data Reveal Variability Between Repeated Trials in Parkinson’s Disease Mobility Assessments by Rana M. Khalil, Lisa M. Shulman, Ann L. Gruber-Baldini, Sunita Shakya, Jeffrey M. Hausdorff, Rainer von Coelln, Michael P. Cummings

“…Although the total duration remains relatively consistent between trials (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.62 to 0.95), greater variability is seen in subtask duration and sensor-derived measures, reflected in machine learning performance and statistical differences. …”
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Neural Network Method of Controllers’ Parametric Optimization with Variable Structure and Semi-Permanent Integration Based on the Computation of Second-Order Sensitivity Functions... by Serhii Vladov, Lukasz Scislo, Nina Szczepanik-Ścisło, Anatoliy Sachenko, Victoria Vysotska

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Evaluation of the Variability of Micro and Macro Spray Parameters as a Function of Sampling Time Using a Laser Doppler Analyzer by Dariusz Lodwik, Mariusz Koprowski

“…In the first stage of the research, the variability of the coefficients characterizing the spray spectrum as a function of variable measurement time was analyzed. …”
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Nonlinear free oscillation of tri-directional functionally graded porous skew-plates with variable thickness in high-thermal environment by Hong Hieu Le, Van Ke Tran, Nhan Thinh Hoang, Tran Ha Phuong Thanh

“…For the first time, a finite element model was constructed based on the improved shear deformation plate theory and the von Kármán assumption to analyze the linear and nonlinear free vibration behaviour of tri-directional functionally graded porous (TFGP) skew-plates with variable thickness resting on variable Pasternak-elastic foundation in high-temperature environments. …”
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A Hierarchical Archimedean Copula (HAC) model for climatic variables: an application to Kenyan data by Kevin Otieno, Linda Chaba, Linda Chaba, Evans Omondi, Evans Omondi, Collins Odhiambo, Collins Odhiambo, Bernard Omolo, Bernard Omolo

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Efficient Frequency Management for Hybrid AC/DC Power Systems Based on an Optimized Fuzzy Cascaded PI−PD Controller by Awadh Ba Wazir, Sultan Alghamdi, Abdulraheem Alobaidi, Abdullah Ali Alhussainy, Ahmad H. Milyani

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Analysis of effects of meteorological variables on dengue incidence in Bangladesh using VAR and Granger causality approach by Md. Jamal Hossain, Nazia Sultana, Anwesha Das, Fariea Nazim Jui, Md. Kamrul Islam, Md. Mijanoor Rahman, Mohammad Mafizur Rahman

“…BackgroundDengue fever is a serious public health issue in Bangladesh, where its incidence rises with the monsoon. Meteorological variables are believed to be responsible factors among others. …”
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Heart rate variability in university students engaged in competitive sports at the beginning of a training season by P. N. Chainikov, V. G. Cherkasova, S. V. Muraviev, А. М. Kulesh

“…Objective: to study heart rate variability in university students engaged in competitive sports at the beginning of a training season. …”
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Reliability Analysis in Presence of Random Variables and Fuzzy Variables by Cui Lijie, Lü Zhenzhou, Li Guijie

“…Furthermore, a technique based on the probability density function evolution method is employed to improve the computational efficiency of the proposed indices. …”
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