Revolutionizing Lung Segmentation with Machine Learning: A Critical Review of Techniques in Medical Imaging by Momina Aisha, Moazma Ijaz, Nimra Tariq, Sehar Anjum, Sidra Siddiqui, Usman Hashmi

“…Techniques such as X-rays, Computed Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), and Positron Emission Tomography (PET) play essential roles in identifying the physical and functional aspects of the lungs. Manual lung segmentation by radiologists, while adjustable, is time-consuming and subject to variability. …”
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A Quasi-Convex RKPM for 3D Steady-State Thermomechanical Coupling Problems by Lin Zhang, D. M. Li, Cen-Ying Liao, Li-Rui Tian

“…A meshfree, second-order, quasi-convex reproducing kernel scheme is employed to approximate field variables for solving the linear Poisson equation and the elastic thermal stress equation in sequence. …”
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Optimization of ultrasound assisted extraction of sappan (Caesalpinia sappan L) wood for preparation of high quality extract by Moh Djaeni, Setia Budi Sasongko, Devi Yuni Susanti, F Widhi Mahatmanti, Andri Cahyo Kumoro, Laeli Kurniasari

“…High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) confirmed the presence of brazilin, while Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR) analysis indicated the retention of functional groups. UAE was shown to enhance extraction efficiency and preserve phenolic compounds. …”
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Decarbonisation pathways for industrial clusters through multi-energy systems by Ugochukwu Ngwaka, Yousaf Khalid, Janie Ling-Chin, John Counsell, Ruben Pinedo-Cuenca, Huda Dawood, Andrew J. Smallbone, Nashwan Dawood, Anthony P. Roskilly

“…Given the complex and nonlinear interconnections among systems within a multi-energy cluster, this study extends the dynamic multi-vector methodology to multi-energy system clusters, representing variables as nodes and converting them into transfer functions for system integration. …”
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Impact of Wall Material Composition (Maltodextrin vs. Inulin vs. Nutriose) and Emulsion Preparation System (Nano- vs. Microemulsion) on Properties of Spray-Dried Linseed Oil by Dorota Ogrodowska, Iwona Zofia Konopka, Grzegorz Dąbrowski, Beata Piłat, Józef Warechowski, Fabian Dajnowiec, Małgorzata Tańska

“…For these independent variables, the properties of the prepared emulsions (flow curves and viscosity) and the resulting powders (encapsulation efficiency, particle size distribution, water activity, bulk and tapped density, Carr’s index, color parameters, and thermal stability) were determined. …”
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Eco-engineered remediation: Microbial and rhizosphere-based strategies for heavy metal detoxification by Arun Karnwal, Gaurav Kumar, Alaa El Din Mahmoud, Joydeep Dutta, Rattandeep Singh, Abdel Rahman Mohammad Said Al-Tawaha, Tabarak Malik

“…Moreover, a detailed understanding of plant–microbe interactions and the role of secondary metabolite signalling in the rhizosphere is essential to improve remediation efficiency. Future strategies should prioritize the application of functional genomics, developing bioinoculants tailored to specific environmental conditions, and implementing robust ecological risk assessments for GEMs. …”
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Harnessing biostimulants for sustainable agriculture: innovations, challenges, and future prospects by Amine Khoulati, Sabir Ouahhoud, Mohamed Taibi, Said Ezrari, Samira Mamri, Othmane Merah, Abdelkader Hakkou, Mohamed Addi, Adil Maleb, Ennouamane Saalaoui

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Optimization of the Fc-fusion protein refolding method produced from the bacterial expression system by P. S. Astrelina, S. A. Ishchuk, A. V. Kabanova, R. V. Drai

“…Increasing the buffer pH led to improved refolding efficiency.…”
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The Hydrodynamic Performance of a Vertical-Axis Hydro Turbine with an Airfoil Designed Based on the Outline of a Sailfish by Aiping Wu, Shiming Wang, Chenglin Ding

“…Transient numerical simulations employing dynamic mesh techniques and user-defined functions within the Fluent environment were conducted to analyze rotor interactions. …”
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A Comparative Study of Deep Reinforcement Learning Algorithms for Urban Autonomous Driving: Addressing the Geographic and Regulatory Challenges in CARLA by Yechan Park, Woomin Jun, Sungjin Lee

“…To evaluate the adaptability of each algorithm to geographical variability and complex traffic laws, scenario-specific reward and penalty functions were carefully designed and incorporated. …”
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The operational municipal solid waste management policy focuses on identifying waste generation behavior across multiple levels in mega cities, a case study by Hamed Alimoradiyan, Ahmad Hajinezhad, Hossein Yousefi, Mario Giampietro

“…According to this conceptualization, the UWMS functions as an organ within a socio-ecological system, controlling urban metabolism and providing resources and capacity for regional sinks within the larger waste management system. …”
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Orientation reversal and the Chern-Simons natural boundary by Griffen Adams, Ovidiu Costin, Gerald V. Dunne, Sergei Gukov, Oğuz Öner

“…Resurgence analysis identifies as primary objects Mordell integrals: up to changes of variables, they are Laplace transforms of resurgent functions. …”
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Optimization Method for Reliability–Redundancy Allocation Problem in Large Hybrid Binary Systems by Florin Leon, Petru Cașcaval

“…The proposed method uses a zero–one integer programming formulation that applies log-transformed reliability functions and binary decision variables to represent subsystem configurations. …”
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ТНЕ WORLD OIL MARKET: THE SEARCH FOR BALANCE IN THE NEW "OIL" REALITY by T. A. Malova, V. I. Sisoeva

“…The proposed approach allows toreveal the substance of the transformation of the world oil market, to assess the changes in the oil market with the development of rhenium in terms of efficiency and functioning of the mechanism, the prospects of price volatility in the oil market. …”
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Characterizing the Growth Kinetics of Oyster Mushroom Through Substrate Supplementation and Environmental Control by Khurram Shahzad, Hamza Aslam, Shahid Hussain

“…Conclusion: Future work should explore additional nutrient additives, environmental variables, and the mushrooms’ bioactive compounds to further improve cultivation efficiency and nutritional value. …”
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Energy management of microgrid coalitions considering renewable energy prediction based on machine learning algorithms by Negar Dehghani Mahmoudabadi, Mehran Khalaj, Davood Jafari, Ali Taghizadeh Herat, Parisa Mousavi Ahranjani

“…First, a systematic management framework is established by defining the functions of various management units throughout the multi-microgrid system. …”
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Characterizing the Growth Kinetics of Oyster Mushroom Through Substrate Supplementation and Environmental Control by Khurram Shahzad, Hamza Aslam, Shahid Hussain

“…Conclusion: Future work should explore additional nutrient additives, environmental variables, and the mushrooms’ bioactive compounds to further improve cultivation efficiency and nutritional value. …”
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Estimation of carbon sequestration capacity of urban green infrastructure by fusing multi-source remote sensing data by Jiahui Chang, Zhenfeng Shao, Jinyang Wang, Zhu Mao, Tao Cheng, Xiaodi Xu, Qingwei Zhuang

“…Urban green infrastructure significantly contributes to the carbon storage functions of urban ecosystems. Accurate selection and efficiently integrating remote sensing data are paramount for evaluating carbon storage at the small-scale of urban green infrastructure. …”
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Reliability optimization methods: A systematic literature review by Singla Shakuntla, Mangla Diksha, Kumar Malik Ajender, Muhammad Modibbo Umar

“…Additionally, which variables influence the primary reliability metrics in their work and how? …”
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Novel variant alters splicing of TGFB2 in family with features of Loeys-Dietz syndrome by Emily R. Gordon, Stephanie A. Felker, Stephanie A. Felker, Tanner F. Coleman, Tanner F. Coleman, Nadiya Sosonkina, Jada Pugh, Jada Pugh, Meagan E. Cochran, Meagan E. Cochran, Anna C. E. Hurst, Sara J. Cooper

“…Significant clinical variability has been noted for both related and unrelated individuals with the same pathogenic variant. …”
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