Modeling nitric oxide diffusion and plasticity modulation in cerebellar learning by Alessandra Maria Trapani, Carlo Andrea Sartori, Benedetta Gambosi, Alessandra Pedrocchi, Alberto Antonietti

“…We developed the NO Diffusion Simulator (NODS), a Python module designed to model NO production and diffusion within a cerebellar spiking neural network framework. …”
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Diffused-Line-of-Sight Communication for Mobile and Fixed Underwater Nodes by Yujian Guo, Meiwei Kong, Omar Alkhazragi, Xiaobin Sun, Mohammed Sait, Tien Khee Ng, Boon S. Ooi

“…PPM is found to be power-efficient and, in terms of bit-error-ratio performance, outperforms on-off keying modulation and orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing modulation in complex dynamic underwater channels. …”
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An immersed interface method for nonlinear convection–diffusion equations with interfaces by Miguel Uh Zapata, Reymundo Itza Balam, Silvia Jerez

“…Numerical simulations for several benchmark problems show the robustness and efficiency of the proposed scheme.…”
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Establishment and Solution for a Mathematical Model of Multiple Diffuse Reflection by Zhenmin Zhu, Xin Xu, Xiang Sun, Xinyun Wang

“…On the basis of the Lambertian characteristic of LEDs and the ideal diffuse surface, a design method that features a multiple diffuse reflectance freeform surface is proposed and its related mathematical model is established in this paper. …”
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Using Spinodal Decomposition to Investigate Diffusion Enhancement and Vacancy Population by Xinren Chen, Frédéric De Geuser, Alisson Kwiatkowski da Silva, Chuanlai Liu, Eric Woods, Dirk Ponge, Baptiste Gault, Dierk Raabe

“…Abstract Material sustainability requires energy‐efficient and rapid strengthening processes. In alloys, strengthening through diffusion‐driven precipitation is limited by the low vacancy concentration, with fewer than one vacancy per 100 billion lattice sites at room temperature in metals such as aluminum and iron under thermodynamic equilibrium. …”
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Three-Dimensional Surface Reconstruction for Specular/Diffuse Composite Surfaces by Chung-Hsuan Huang, Ssu-Chia He, Tsung-Yu Chen, Chau-Jern Cheng, Han-Yen Tu

“…This paper presents an effective three-dimensional (3D) surface reconstruction technique aimed at profiling composite surfaces with both specular and diffuse reflectance. Three-dimensional measurements based on fringe projection techniques perform well on diffuse reflective surfaces; however, when the measurement targets contain both specular and diffuse components, the efficiency of fringe projection decreases. …”
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Bohm Diffusion in Magnetron Sputtering System: A Review Article by Murad M. Kadhim, Qusay A. Abbas

“… This review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent advances in understanding Bohm diffusion in magnetron sputtering systems, a process critical for optimizing thin-film deposition. …”
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Multi-scale adversarial diffusion network for image super-resolution by Yanli Shi, Xianhe Zhang, Yi Jia, Jinxing Zhao

“…Abstract Image super-resolution methods based on diffusion models have achieved remarkable success, but they still suffer from two significant limitations. …”
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Two-stage Mamba-based diffusion model for image restoration by Lei Liu, Luan Ma, Shuai Wang, Jun Wang, Silas N. Melo

“…DSSM combines Mamba’s high efficiency with the representative power of diffusion models, enhancing both inference and training. …”
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Numerical Investigation of a Supersonic Wind Tunnel Diffuser Optimization by Riccardo Nicoletti, Francesco Margani, Luca Armani, Antonella Ingenito, Chihiro Fujio, Hideaki Ogawa, Seoeum Han, Bok Jik Lee

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Accelerating Multiphase Simulations With Denoising Diffusion Model Driven Initializations by Jaehong Chung, Agnese Marcato, Eric J. Guiltinan, Tapan Mukerji, Hari Viswanathan, Yen Ting Lin, Javier E. Santos

“…Pore‐scale simulations enhance our understanding of applications such as assessing hydrogen and CO2 storage efficiency in underground reservoirs. Nevertheless, they are computationally expensive and the presence of non‐unique solutions can require multiple simulations within a single geometry. …”
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Diffusion of Proteins Across the Nuclear Envelope of HeLa Cells by Shivani Chatterjee, Ursula Stochaj

“…A protein of 29-kDa molecular mass that harbors GFP and the bipartite Xenopus nucleoplasmin nuclear localization sequence (NLS) accumulates efficiently in nuclei of HeLa cells. However, in the absence of active facilitated nuclear import, the reporter protein exits the nucleus and equilibrates between nucleus and cytoplasm. …”
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Investigation of New Design Principles for the Centrifugal Compressor Vaned Diffusers by Qingkuo Li, Zhigang Sun, Xingen Lu, Yingjie Zhang, Ge Han

“…The vaned diffusers with subsonic, transonic and supersonic inlet conditions were optimized with the new design principles, and the peak efficiencies were increased by 4.23%, 2.15% and 2.59%, respectively. …”
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NiFe co-doped TiO2 as a high-performance bifunctional photocatalyst for enhanced oxygen evolution and reduction reactions in efficient zinc-air battery systems by Md Iftekher Hossain, Foysal Kabir Tareq, Souman Rudra

“…This study underscores the significant influence of Ni and Fe transition metal doping, as well as NiFe co-doping, on enhancing the properties of TiO2 to address the critical challenges in developing high-performance photo-assisted Zn-air batteries, particularly the need for improved light absorption, charge carrier separation, and catalytic efficiency. The doping process notably enhances light absorption and charge carrier separation, while the reduction in TiO2 crystallite size increases the surface area and shortens charge carrier diffusion paths, thereby minimizing recombination rates and improving photocatalytic efficiency. …”
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Decorating Ti₃C₂ MXene Nanosheets with Fe-N_x-C Nanoparticles for Efficient Oxygen Reduction Reaction by Han Zheng, Fagang Wang, Weimeng Si

“…The layered structure of MXene endows the material with a high specific surface area and facilitates efficient electron transfer pathways, thereby promoting rapid charge transfer and material diffusion. …”
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Volume fracturing technology with high-energy electric detonation and engineering test of ground coalbed methane by Baisheng NIE, Song BAO, Xianfeng LIU, Peng LIU, Hao ZHANG, Hengyi HE, Zijian LI, Haowen ZHOU, Xueqi JIA, Xueqiu HE

“…It was verified that the proposed HEED volume fracturing technology could effectively improve the coal reservoir and promote the desorption, diffusion, and migration of coalbed methane. The research results have theoretical and engineering guiding significance for the fracture network transformation of low permeability soft coal reservoir to realize the efficient development of coalbed methane.…”
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Synthesis and characterization of bismuth gadolinium oxide/g-C3N4 heterojunction nano photocatalyst for efficient sunlight-driven purification of wastewater containing malachite gr... by Shokofeh Mirzasani, Movlud Valian, Ahmad Akbari, Forat H. Alsultany, Masoud Salavati-Niasari

“…In this research, considering the problem of water pollution, efficient bismuthate nanostructures have been designed to destroy organic pollutants; and in the following, suitable strategies to improve the photocatalytic efficiency have been presented and analyzed. …”
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Cross-attention swin-transformer for detailed segmentation of ancient architectural color patterns by Lv Yongyin, Yu Caixia

“…Traditional approaches, including convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and standard transformer-based models, have achieved significant success; however, they often face challenges in capturing fine-grained details and maintaining efficiency across diverse datasets. These methods struggle with balancing precision and computational efficiency, especially when dealing with complex patterns and high-resolution images.MethodsTo address these limitations, we propose a novel segmentation model that integrates a hierarchical vision transformer backbone with multi-scale self-attention, cascaded attention decoding, and diffusion-based robustness enhancement. …”
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A Study of Theoretical Modeling for Scavenging Coefficients of Polydisperse Aerosols Removed by Rainfall by Xing Gao, Can Qi, Hongqiang Wang, Hui Zhu

“…This paper incorporates various currently known collection mechanisms (including Brownian diffusion, interception effect, inertial impaction, thermophoresis, diffusiophoresis, and electrostatic interaction) into the calculation of the total collection efficiency to analyze their impacts on the scavenging coefficient. …”
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Development of a Cationic Polymeric Micellar Structure with Endosomal Escape Capability Enables Enhanced Intramuscular Transfection of mRNA-LNPs by Siyuan Deng, Han Shao, Hongtao Shang, Lingjin Pang, Xiaomeng Chen, Jingyi Cao, Yi Wang, Zhao Zhao

“…<b>Background/Objectives:</b> The endosomal escape of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) is crucial for efficient mRNA-based therapeutics. Here, we present a cationic polymeric micelle (cPM) as a safe and potent co-delivery system with enhanced endosomal escape capabilities. …”
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