The Role of Post‐Sintering Heat Treatment on the Phase and Microstructural Development of Nano Cu‐Zno Modified Ceramic Surfaces by Nurcan Calis Acikbas, Gokhan Acikbas

“…Glazed tiles are sintered at 1210 °C for 10 min and heat treated at 965 °C for 2, 8, and 32 h. The surfaces are investigated with scanning electron microscopy and X‐ray diffractometer. …”
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Laser transformation hardening effect on hardening zone features and surface hardness of tool steel AISI D2 by D. Lesyk, V. Dzhemelinskyi, S. Martinez, А. Lamikiz, О. Dаnylеikо, V. Hyzhevskyi

“…The linear and quadratic regression models are developed, as well as response surface to determine the effect of the heating temperature and feed rate of the treated surface on the energy density of the laser beam, hardening depths, hardening width, hardening angle, and surface hardness are designed. …”
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Effect of Online Plasma Treatment on Fiber Surfaces and Mechanical Properties of Continuous Basalt Fiber-Reinforced Polypropylene Composites by Yipeng Pan, Yuanyuan Liu, Yadong He, Chunling Xin, Feng Ren, Yang Yu

“…The results revealed that the surface roughness (Ra) of the fibers treated under optimal process parameters increased by 34% compared to the control group. …”
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Enlargement of the Surface Area of High‐Entropy Alloys with Acid Treatment as Positive Electrode for High Specific Capacitance Supercapacitors by Mahir Gülen, Recep Taş, Hamza Dünya, Shashanka Rajendrachari

“…This study focuses on a HEA composed of 23Fe−21Cr−18Ni−20Ti−18Mn, synthesized via ball milling. The alloy was treated with hydrochloric acid (HCl) to enhance its active surface area. …”
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Effect of heat treatment before fast multiple rotation rolling on friction surfaced Al–Si–Cu alloy by Seyedeh Marjan Bararpour, Hamed Jamshidi Aval, Roohollah Jamaati, Mousa Javidani

“…Results show that after the FMRR process, there is a significant reduction (99% reduction) in the friction surfaced coating surface roughness. The surface roughness after FMRR processing in the coatings created by homogenized and solid solution treated consumable rod is 0.74 ± 0.12, and 0.56 ± 0.08 μm, respectively. …”
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Comparison of Color Stability and Surface Roughness of Interim Crowns Fabricated by Conventional, Milling and 3D Printing Methods by Zahra Hashemzade, Mohammad Alihemmati, Seyed Mohammad Reza Hakimaneh, Sayed Shojaedin Shayegh, Mohammad Amin Bafandeh, Zahra Mohammadi

“…The surface‐treated samples had less surface roughness and more color stability than other samples (p < 0.05). …”
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Effect of salbutamol-based anti-asthmatic medication on surface roughness and color stability of different types of hybrid ceramics by Noha Attia, Waleed Elshahawy, Abeer Atef Younes

“…Additionally, the inhaler-treated groups presented significantly higher values than the nebulizer-treated groups for ΔE only (P < 0.05). …”
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Fluoride Casein Phosphopeptide and Tri-Calcium Phosphate Treatments for Enamel Remineralization: Effects on Surface Properties and Biofilm Resistance by Cecilia Carlota Barrera-Ortega, Sandra E. Rodil, Phaedra Silva-Bermudez, Arturo Delgado-Cardona, Argelia Almaguer-Flores, Gina Prado-Prone

“…<b>Methods:</b> A total of 120 human third molar enamel specimens were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 30 each): Group I (healthy enamel, control), Group II (initially demineralized, lesioned enamel), Group III (demineralized enamel and treated with β-TCP-F), and Group IV (demineralized enamel and treated with CPP-ACP-F). …”
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Effects of different charcoal-containing whitening toothpastes on color and surface roughness of a supra-nanofilled composite resin by Meltem Nermin Polan, Sevil Gurgan

“…Abstract Background To evaluate the impacts of various charcoal-containing whitening toothpastes on color stability and surface roughness of a supra-nanofilled composite resin. …”
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Custom Metal Occlusal Surface for Acrylic Resin Denture Teeth to Enhance Wear Resistance: A Case Report by Rizwan Ali Shivji, Vaibhav D. Kamble, Mohd. Atif Khan

“…A case report of a patient who had increased tendency of occlusal wear was treated with custom made metal occlusal surface of denture teeth to enhance wear resistance and to improve the masticatory efficiency.…”
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Bond strength of aged provisional 3D-printed methacrylate resin with different surface treatments and repair materials by Nutthawat Taokhampu, Hathairat Lekatana, Jadesada Palasuk

“…Specimens (n = 10) were divided into four groups based on surface treatments: no surface treatment (negative control, NC), airborne particle abrasion (Al2O3), universal adhesive application (Adh), and airborne particle abrasion followed by the application of universal adhesive (Al2O3/Adh). …”
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Effect of vacuum heat treatment on structure and properties of TiN thin film deposited stainless steel surface by LU Linlin, LIU Chenxi, CAO Hangwei, XU Jie, LIU Yusong, FAN Chongqing

“…In order to improve the corrosion resistance of stainless steel materials in the marine environment, TiN thin films were deposited on the surface of 304 stainless steel by magnetron sputtering technique and vacuum heat-treated at different temperatures, and the effects of the heat-treatment temperature on the structure and properties of the films were investigated. …”
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The Analysis of Structure Change and Tribomechanical Properties of Alloyed Steel Surfaces Modified by Diffusion Electrolyte-Plasma Boriding Method by L.G. Raiymbekov, Zh. Sagdoldina, D.R. Baizhan, N.E. Berdimuratov, S.D. Bolatov

“…The steel 30CrMnSiA was treated on a diffusion-electrolytic-plasma boriding setup. …”
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Investigation of Electrochemical Discharge Machining for Tungsten Carbide: Effects of Electrolyte Composition on Material Removal Rate and Surface Quality by Najm Vian N., Abbas Tahseen F., Aghdeab Shukry H.

“…However, deposition took place on the surface of machined tungsten carbide when the samples were treated with sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide. …”
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Effect of Enamel Surface Coating on Staining Capability Due to Iron-Containing Supplements on Primary Teeth: An in Vitro Study by Divya Nasha, Amreen Aijazuddin, Kodali Srija, Mrunal Dave, Prasanta Majumder, Disha Makwani, Poonam Joshi, Sonu Acharya

“…Group A served as the control and received no enamel coating, while Group B was treated with a commercially available enamel surface coating. …”
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Effect of surface treatment on glass ionomers in sandwich restorations: a systematic review and meta-analysis of laboratory studies by Hoda S. Ismail, Ashraf Ibrahim Ali, Franklin Garcia-Godoy

“…Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different surface treatments on the bond strength between new or aged glass ionomers (GI) and resin composites in sandwich restorations. …”
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Complete Mapping of Thermodynamic Stability of Ternary Oxide SrTiO3 (001) Surface at Finite Temperatures by Md Mokhlesur Rahman, Sehoon Oh, Puspa Raj Adhikari, Jaichan Lee

“…Here a thermodynamic framework is developed to treat the stability of ternary oxide surfaces with finite temperature and chemical environments. …”
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Fixed-bed column adsorption of olive mill wastewater using clinker: Optimization via response surface methodology by Malika Ammari, Halima Amakdouf, Imane Zoufri, Ghita Elmouhri, Younesse El-Byari, Abdelhadi Mazrha, Fatima ez-zahrae Mrizak, Chedadi Mohamed, Mohammed Merzouki

“…Our study is the first to suggest an economical and effective method to treat OMWW.…”
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Comparison of the Effects of Glutamine, Curcumin, and Nesfatin-1 on the Gastric Serosal Surface Neomucosa Formation: An Experimental Rodent Model by Osman Bilgin Gulcicek, Ali Solmaz, Hakan Yiğitbaş, Candas Ercetin, Erkan Yavuz, Kamil Ozdogan, Sinan Arici, Asli Kahraman Akkalp, Tulin Sarac, Fatih Çelebi, Atilla Celik

“…The primary purpose of this study is to compare effects of glutamine, curcumin, and nesfatin-1 on the gastric serosal surface neomucosa formation on rats. Materials and Methods. 24 Wistar-Hannover rats were randomly divided into 4 groups and treated with saline, glutamine, curcumin, and nesfatin-1 after ileogastric anastomosis. …”
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The Influence of Abutment Surface Treatment and the Type of Luting Cement on Shear Bond Strength between Titanium/Cement/Zirconia by Beata Śmielak, Marcin Gołębiowski, Leszek Klimek

“…The objectives of this study were to evaluate the shear bond strength of zirconia cylinders on a modified titanium surface using different luting cement types. Material and Methods. …”
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