Changes in capsular serotype alter the surface exposure of pneumococcal adhesins and impact virulence. by Carlos J Sanchez, Cecilia A Hinojosa, Pooja Shivshankar, Catherine Hyams, Emilie Camberlein, Jeremy S Brown, Carlos J Orihuela

“…These findings show that serotype impacts the accessibility of surface adhesins and, in particular, affects virulence within the respiratory tract. …”
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Surface phenotype and functionality of WNV specific T cells differ with age and disease severity. by Paolo Piazza, Curtis P McMurtrey, Alina Lelic, Robert L Cook, Rachel Hess, Eric Yablonsky, Luann Borowski, Mark B Loeb, Jonathan L Bramson, William H Hildebrand, Charles R Rinaldo

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The Impact of Stratospheric Intrusion on Surface Ozone in Urban Areas of the Northeastern Tibetan Plateau by Mingge Li, Yawen Kong, Meng Fan, Chao Yu, Ying Zhang, Jianbin Gu, Jinhua Tao, Liangfu Chen

“…Notably, a SITS event was simultaneously detected, elevating surface ozone by 24%, which confirmed that stratospheric intrusion was the main cause of pollution.…”
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Wearable Surface Electromyography System to Predict Freeze of Gait in Parkinson’s Disease Patients by Anna Moore, Jinxing Li, Christopher H. Contag, Luke J. Currano, Connor O. Pyles, David A. Hinkle, Vivek Shinde Patil

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Reference genes validation in tear fluid for RNA analysis in ocular surface disease by Diego A. Ojeda, Hooman Ahmadzadeh, Sarp Orgul, Angela Gomez Bedoya, Swati Gupta, Katherine Held, Swarup S. Swaminathan, Alfonso L. Sabater

“…Abstract Proper normalization of gene expression data is essential for detecting early molecular alterations in eye disorders. …”
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Surface and Subsurface Heatwaves in the Hypersaline Dead Sea Caused by Severe Dust Intrusion by Pavel Kishcha, Isaac Gertman, Boris Starobinets

“…The surface LHWs’ intensity was up to 3 °C. Satellite (MODIS-Terra and METEOSAT) SWT did not detect the LHWs. …”
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Study on the Thermal Oxidation Surface Modification and Deformation Behavior of NiTi Alloys by YU Fei, XIE Dong

“…In order to investigate the effects of thermal oxidation surface modification on the properties of NiTi alloys，the effect of preparing oxide films on NiTi alloys by thermal oxidation technique at different temperatures (300～700 ℃) in atmospheric environment was investigated.The research primarily focused on analyzing the morphology，composition，phase structure，phase transformation temperatures and mechanical properties of the Ti-O films formed at different thermal oxidation temperatures.The influence of thermal oxidation on the superelasticity and shape memory effect of NiTi alloys was investigated through tensile tests and water bath heating method.The surface morphology，phase structure，phase transformation temperatures and hardness of the thermally oxidized samples after plane stretching and water bath heating were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM)，X-ray diffractometer (XRD)，differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and hardness testing.Results showed that at lower thermal oxidation temperatures (300～400 ℃)，the oxide layer formed on the NiTi alloy surface was very thin，and no titanium oxide coating was detected.When the thermal oxidation temperature reached 600 ℃，a dense rutile-TiO2 film formed on the surface，but it was prone to cracking and peeling after tensile deformation，exhibiting poor film-substrate adhesion，which was insufficient to meet practical application requirements.Tensile and water bath heating tests showed that when the thermal oxidation temperature exceeded 400 ℃，the reverse phase transformation of the NiTi alloy during unloading could not be completed，leading to a degradation of its superelastic properties.However，after water bath heating，the B19’→B2 martensitic reverse phase transformation was completed，indicating that high-temperature oxidation did not affect the shape memory effect of the NiTi substrate.These results provided important theoretical and experimental references for studying the film-substrate adhesion and coordination properties of thermally oxidized NiTi alloys.…”
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Myocardial Scar on Surface ECG: Selvester Score, but Not Fragmentation, Predicts Response to CRT by Martina Nesti, Alessandro Paoletti Perini, Rossella Bani, Stella Cartei, Luca Checchi, Giuseppe Ricciardi, Paolo Pieragnoli, Federica Michelotti, Giosuè Mascioli, Elena Cavarretta, Luigi Sciarra

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Spatiotemporal analysis of land surface temperature and wind dynamics during winter in Bangladesh by Hatef Dastour, Md. Mahbub Alam, Ashraf Dewan, Quazi K. Hassan

“…Bangladesh, with its diverse topography and dense population, is particularly vulnerable to winter climate anomalies, making it essential to investigate the underlying atmospheric and surface processes. The spatiotemporal patterns of land surface temperature (LST) and wind dynamics during winter (December–February) in Bangladesh from 2001 to 2023 were investigated using both district-level and pixel-wise analyses. …”
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Effects of local enemal matrix protein on osseointegration of different surface Titanium implants by Ozmen Istek, Kevser Sokmen, Erhan Cahit Ozcan, Murat Tanrisever, Turker Gelic, Umit Koray Can, Alihan Bozoglan, Serkan Dundar

“…A statistically difference was detected between machined surface implants and SLA surface implants (P<0.05; P=0.02). …”
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ANALYSIS OF SURFACE DEFECTS OF ALUMINUM AND ITS ALLOYS WITH A SCANNING KELVIN PROBE by A. K. Tyavlovsky, A. L. Zharin, O. K. Gusev, R. I. Varabei, N. I. Muhurov, G. V. Sharonov, K. U. Pantsialeyeu

“…The presence of the second mode in the CPD distribution histogram indicates the significant proportion of defect areas on the sample surface.Analysis of visualized CPD distribution maps using defined criteria allows detecting and characterizing such defects as residual stress areas, areas with reduced microhardness, surface contamination spots, corrosion defects. …”
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Systematic review of surface disinfection: Spraying versus wiping for COVID-19 prevention by Babasola 0. Okusanya, Muzzammil Gadanya, Anthony Nlemadim, Victoria Adaramoye, David O. Akeju, John Ehiri, Martin M. Meremiku

“…Also, wiping with 500 ppm of bleach for 5 min completely reduces the virus on kraft paper and polypropylene. No viruses were detected on any surface after wiping with 1000 ppm of bleach for 5 min. …”
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Climatology of Tehran surface heat Island: a satellite-based spatial analysis by Motahhareh Zargari, Abbas Mofidi, Alireza Entezari, Mohammad Baaghideh

“…To achieve this, daily Land Surface Temperature (LST) data from the MODIS-Aqua, with a spatial resolution of 1 km, was utilized over a 19-year period (2003–2021). …”
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Оcular Surface in Long Terms of Ortokeratology Lenses’s Use in Adolescents with Myopia by D. A. Borisov, E. I. Saidasheva, Z. A. Dautova, N. V. Fomina, S. V. Buynovskaya

“…The purpose: to study to evaluate the effect of ortokeratology lenses (OK-lenses) on the state of the ocular surface, depending on the duration of their wearing by adolescents with myopia. …”
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Antibiotic resistance and pathogenic bacterial profiles in drinking and surface water in Baghdad, Iraq. by Wael Obaid, Anmar Khalaf, Jilan Shakur

“…The results were alarming for drinking water supply, surface water, residential well water, and household borehole water, with 100%, 70%, 40%, and 20% positive results, respectively. …”
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Assessment of the Microbiological Quality of Food Contact Surfaces in Collective Catering in Central Morocco by Rachid Amaiach, Sanae Lairini, Rabia Bouslamti, Abdelhakim El Ouali Lalami

“…Background: Food safety is a global concern due to the rise in foodborne diseases, with contamination of food contact surfaces being a significant factor. This study aimed to assess the hygienic conditions and bacteriological contamination levels on food contact surfaces in collective catering in Central Morocco.Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted across six restaurants. …”
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Evaluation of anti-inflammatory properties on the surface of dental implants depending on the type of processing by S. D. Varzhapetian, M. A. Shyshkin, T. V. Strohonova, O. O. Kokar

“…Aluminum, silicium, and zinc were no longer detected. The peculiarity of the titanium implant sample with the DAE surface was only the background level of calcium – 0.06 wt% and the complete absence of phosphorus; the most significant components were oxygen – 16.71 wt%, carbon – 12.37 wt%, sodium – 6.47 wt%, and chlorine – 5.90 wt%. …”
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Current Status of Application of Spaceborne GNSS-R Raw Intermediate-Frequency Signal Measurements: Comprehensive Review by Qiulan Wang, Jinwei Bu, Yutong Wang, Donglan Huang, Hui Yang, Xiaoqing Zuo

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Quantum fluorescent gold nanoclusters for PCR-free ultrasensitive DNA detection by Regina Maria Chiechio, Antonino Scandurra, Riccardo Reitano, Paolo Musumeci, Maria Grazia Grimaldi, Annalinda Contino, Giuseppe Maccarrone, Valerie Marchi, Ludovica Maugeri, Salvatore Petralia, Francesco Ruffino

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Scent detection dogs detect a species of hard tick, Dermacentor albipictus, with comparable accuracy and efficiency to traditional tick drag surveys by Troy Koser, Aimee Hurt, Laura Thompson, Alyson Courtemanch, Benjamin Wise, Paul Cross

“…Scent detection dogs may also be useful for sampling for ticks in areas or along surfaces that are difficult to sample with the traditional tick drag technique like at ports of entry or livestock competitions. …”
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