Impacts of Future Grassland Changes on Surface Climate in Mongolia by Fan Zhang, Xing Li, Weimin Wang, Xinli Ke, Qingling Shi

“…In this paper, based on the baseline underlying surface data of 1993, the predicted underlying surface data which can be derived through overlaying the grassland degradation information to the map of baseline underlying surface, and the atmospheric forcing data of RCP 6.0 from CMIP5, climatological changes caused by future grassland changes for the years 2010–2020 and 2040–2050 with the Weather Research Forecast model (WRF) are simulated. …”
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PECULIARITIES OF FINAL POLISHING OF ROLLERS WITH BARREL-TYPE SURFACE by G. P. Krivko, D. A. Cherey

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Effect of Surface Roughness on Characteristics of Textured Hydrodynamic Bearings by Hongtao Wang, Shaolin Zhang, Shuai Yang

“…The results show that the proper surface roughness can improve the oil film pressure and bearing capacity under certain eccentricities，the friction force and average temperature rise also increase，and the instability speed of textured hydrodynamic bearing decreases due to roughness. …”
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Condensation Characteristics of Superhydrophobic Surface at Different Working Conditions by Gu Guiyu, Sheng Wei, Zheng Haikun, Hao Xiaoru, Wang Ruirui

“…The results show that with a decrease in the cold surface temperature, the average droplet growth radius and surface droplet coverage gradually increase. …”
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Does rainfall create buoyant forcing at the ocean surface? by Dipanjan Chaudhuri, Eric A. D’Asaro

“…These findings challenge the common assumption that rainfall makes the ocean surface lighter and provide a starting point for focusing on the overall effect of precipitation on the ocean.…”
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Free surface bubbly flow in an open capillary channel by Bo Wu, Zongyu Wu, Yong Chen, Guangyu Li, Wen Yao

“…The theoretical model and simulations show a strong concordance, with a critical flow rate determined through calculations exhibiting an average relative error of 4.93%. The findings reveal a positive correlation between mass quality and critical flow rate; increasing mass quality enhances the critical flow rate and stabilizes the free surface but reduces the liquid phase’s flow efficiency. …”
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Study of Surface Roughness of Machined Polymer Composite Material by Zuzana Hutyrová, Jozef Zajac, Peter Michalik, Dušan Mitaľ, Ján Duplák, Stanislav Gajdoš

“…The aim of this paper is to evaluate the influence of selected cutting parameters (speed of rotation and feed rate) on the surface topography of drilled WPC material. Objective of the study is to establish dependence of the surface roughness of borehole walls (parameter Rz—average maximum height) on the speed of rotation and feed rate of a drill bit. …”
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Detection of Defects on Metal Surfaces Based on Deep Learning by Onur Cem Han, Uğurhan Kutbay

“…Various types of defects can occur on metal surfaces during production due to various factors. …”
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Atmospheric turbulence structure above urban nonhomogeneous surface by Drozd I., Repina I., Gavrikov A., Stepanenko V., Artamonov A., Pashkin A., Varentsov A.

“…Turbulent fluctuations of the wind velocity components are found to increase with height within 20 meters above the surface. The turbulent kinetic energy is proportional to the square of the averaged horizontal wind speed. …”
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Global View on Statistical Models of Sea Surface Elevations by Zapevalov Aleksander

“…Existing statistical models can only describe average changes Aη and Eη. This limits the scope of their application. …”
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Mapping potential surface contributions to reflected solar radiation by Brian V Smoliak, Michel Gelobter, Jeff T Haley

“…Long-term average annual-mean incoming and outgoing top-of-atmosphere and surface solar fluxes are input to determine atmospheric shortwave optical properties (i.e., transmittance, absorptance, and reflectance), which can be used with surface albedo to estimate surface-reflected outgoing solar radiation. …”
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FLAW DEFECTION ANALYSE OF THE SURFACE OF ACRYLIC BASE PLASTICS by V.O. Kurylo, D.M. Korol, M.M. Maliuchenko, A.M. Ramus

“…This analysis provided numerical data on the polished surface's quality, focusing on metrics such as the total number of defects, and the average size and perimeter of these defects. …”
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The Properties of an Edge-On Low Surface Brightness Galaxies Sample by Tian-Wen Cao, Zi-Jian Li, Pei-Bin Chen, Venu M. Kalari, Cheng Cheng, Gaspar Galaz, Hong Wu, Junfeng Wang

“…We analyzed the properties of a sample of edge-on low-surface brightness galaxies, which are referred to as Cao23 ELSBGs. …”
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The roles of surface processes in porphyry copper deposit preservation by B. Hadler Boggiani, T. Salles, C. Mallard, N. Atwood

“…In this study, we evaluate the impact of surface processes on the preservation or exhumation of porphyry copper deposits. …”
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Distributed surface mass balance of an avalanche-fed glacier by M. Kneib, M. Kneib, A. Dehecq, A. Gilbert, A. Basset, E. S. Miles, E. S. Miles, G. Jouvet, B. Jourdain, E. Ducasse, L. Beraud, A. Rabatel, J. Mouginot, G. Carcanade, O. Laarman, F. Brun, D. Six

“…</mo><mspace linebreak="nobreak" width="0.125em"/><msup><mi mathvariant="normal">yr</mi><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math><span><svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="52pt" height="15pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="e0918f6438cbe876de2794196580ddad"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="tc-18-5965-2024-ie00001.svg" width="52pt" height="15pt" src="tc-18-5965-2024-ie00001.png"/></svg:svg></span></span> for the 11-year average). The detected spatial variability in surface mass balance is consistent between the modelling approaches and much higher than what is predicted from an enhanced-temperature-index model calibrated with measurements from a dense network of stakes. …”
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Fractal Image Coding Based on a Fitting Surface by Sheng Bi, Qiang Wang

“…A no-search fractal image coding method based on a fitting surface is proposed. In our research, an improved gray-level transform with a fitting surface is introduced. …”
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Hydrodynamics of a single cylinder in free-surface flow by Fawaz Alzabari

“…Overall, at Fr > 0.31, the free-surface proximity to the cylinder has a significant influence on the near-wake characteristics, requiring the modeling of water–surface deformation to accurately capture the flow dynamics.…”
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Comparison of 2D and 3D Surface Roughness Parameters of AlMgSi0.5 Aluminium Alloy Surfaces Machined by Abrasive Waterjet by Csaba Felhő, Krisztina Kun-Bodnár, Zsolt Maros

“…The goal of this paper is to examine how the 2D and 3D roughness parameters change in the case of anisotropic surfaces, such as surfaces cut with an abrasive water jet. …”
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The Impact of the Construction of Sponge Cities on the Surface Runoff in Watersheds, China by Guoqiang Dong, Baisha Weng, Tianling Qin, Denghua Yan, Hao Wang, Boya Gong, Wuxia Bi, Ziqiang Xing

“…As to the Haihe River Basin, the annual average amount of surface water resources is 135.69 × 108 m3 between 2005 and 2014, and the amount of annual average runoff interception is 219.58 × 108 m3 from 1961 to 2011. …”
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FPGA-Based Distributed Union-Find Decoder for Surface Codes by Namitha Liyanage, Yue Wu, Siona Tagare, Lin Zhong

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