Land Surface Condition-Driven Emissivity Variation and Its Impact on Diurnal Land Surface Temperature Retrieval Uncertainty by Lijuan Wang, Ping Yue, Yang Yang, Sha Sha, Die Hu, Xueyuan Ren, Xiaoping Wang, Hui Han, Xiaoyu Jiang

“…A diurnal LSE retrieval model, integrating time-averaged LSE and diurnal perturbations, was developed based on underlying surface characteristics. …”
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Performance of dual‐chamber oscillating water column device under irregular incident waves using Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes model by Santanu Koley, Parothidil Anjusree Krishnan, Amya Ranjan Ray, Artem Krasovsky

“…The free surface elevation is measured using the volume of fluid method. …”
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Numerical simulation and experimental study on hydraulic instability of pump as turbine devices induced by thoma number based on scale-averaged wavelet spectrum by Jiantao Shen, Li Cheng, Shuo Jia, Weixuan Jiao, Bowen Zhang, Anlong Yang

“…The results reveal that a decrease in the Thoma number leads to pronounced cavitation concentrated on the blade suction surface (SS) and the formation of complex vortex structures in the draft tube (DT), causing nonlinear fluctuations in output power. …”
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Effect of bridgmanite-ferropericlase grain size evolution on Earth’s average mantle viscosity: implications for mantle convection in early and present-day Earth by Jyotirmoy Paul, Gregor J. Golabek, Antoine B. Rozel, Paul J. Tackley, Tomoo Katsura, Hongzhan Fei

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Hydrography, morphometry and monitoring of the present state of the Lake Dzhyltyrbas by Bakhtiyor E. Adenbayev, Salauat B. Kalabaev

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Performance Analysis of RIS-Aided Hybrid RF-FSO Communications With Index Modulation by Yuna He, Wenchao Qi, Pengfei Shen, Lu Lu

Subjects: “…reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)…”
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Synthesis of semi sintered nickel bronze electrode for electric discharge surface alloying of silicon steel and the properties of coated surface by Gopathy Veerappan, Manickam Ravichandran, David Pritima, Vinayagam Mohanavel, Nachimuthu Radhika, Rasaiah Naveenkumar

“…Surface modification of silicon steel was carried out by depositing nickel-bronze (Ni–Cu–Sn) using electrical discharge alloying. …”
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Multi‐Satellite Tracking of Surface Water Storage Change in the Era of Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) Satellite Mission by Pritam Das, Faisal Hossain

“…Abstract The Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) satellite, launched in December 2022, represents a significant advancement in the remote sensing of global water bodies, providing simultaneous measurements of Water Surface Elevation (WSE) and extent in all‐weather conditions. …”
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Some Approaches for Light and Color on the Surface of Mars by Manuel Melgosa, Javier Hernández-Andrés, Manuel Sánchez-Marañón, Javier Cuadros, Álvaro Vicente-Retortillo

“…This method is analogous to the one currently adopted by the International Commission on Illumination to compute daylight illuminants on the surface of Earth (CIE 015:2018, clause 4.1.2). The average accuracy of 3139 reconstructed total spectral irradiances using the proposed method was 0.9999558 using GFC (J. …”
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Fractal Geometry: Surface Characterization of Printing Paper by Yong Ju Lee, Geon-Woo Kim, Tai-Ju Lee, Hyoung Jin Kim

“…This study investigates the surface characteristics of printing papers using fractal geometry, focusing on surface roughness and surface friction as independent properties. …”
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Internal surface roughness of plastic pipes for irrigation by Hermes S. da Rocha, Patricia A. A. Marques, Antonio P. de Camargo, José A. Frizzone, Ezequiel Saretta

“…Therefore, specific values of roughness for each pipe diameter improves accuracy in pressure losses estimation. The average values of internal surface roughness were 3.334 and 8.116 μm for PVC and LDPE pipes, respectively.…”
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Nonuniform Oxidation on the Surface of Fuel Element in HTR by Peng Liu, Yanhua Zheng, Wei Xu, Lei Shi

“…The shape function, defined as the relationship between the maximum and the average of the oxidation, is an important factor to estimate the consequence of the accident. …”
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THE AVERAGE ANNUAL EFFECTIVE DOSES FOR THE POPULATION IN THE SETTLEMENTS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION ATTRIBUTED TO ZONES OF RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINATION DUE TO THE CHERNOBYL ACCIDENT (F... by G. Ja. Bruk, A. B. Bazjukin, A. A. Bratilova, A. Ju. Vlasov, Ju. N. Goncharova, A. V. Gromov, T. V. Zhesko, M. V. Kaduka, O. S. Kravcova, I. K. Romanovich, K. A. Saprykin, V. S. Stepanov, N. V. Titov, I. G. Travnikova, O. E. Tutel’jan, V. A. Jakovlev

“…The law extends to the territories, where, since 1991: – The average annual effective dose for the population exceeds 1 mSv (the value of effective dose that could be formed in the absence of active radiation protection measures and self-limitation in consumption of the local food products); – Soil surface contamination with cesium-137 exceeds 1 Cu/km2. …”
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THE AVERAGE ANNUAL EFFECTIVE DOSES FOR THE POPULATION OF THE SETTLEMENTS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION ATTRIBUTED TO ZONES OF RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINATION DUE TO THE CHERNOBYL ACCIDENT (F... by G. Ya. Bruk, I. K. Romanovich, A. B. Bazyukin, A. A. Bratilova, A. Yu. Vlasov, A. V. Gromov, T. V. Zhesko, M. V. Kaduka, O. S. Kravtsova, K. A. Saprykin, V. S. Stepanov, N. V. Titov, V. A. Yakovlev

“…The law extends to the territories, where, since 1991: 1) the average annual effective dose for the population exceeds 1 mSv (the value of effective dose that could be formed in the absence of active radiation protection measures and self-limitation in consumption of the local food products); 2) soil surface contamination with cesium-137 exceeds 1 Ci/km2.The paper presents results of calculations of the average effective doses in 2017. …”
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Record High Sea Surface Temperatures in 2023 by Boyin Huang, Xungang Yin, James A. Carton, Ligang Chen, Garrett Graham, Patrick Hogan, Thomas Smith, Huai‐Min Zhang

“…Abstract NOAA Daily Optimum Interpolation Sea Surface Temperature (DOISST) and other similar sea surface temperature (SST) products indicate that the globally averaged SST set a new daily record in March 2023. …”
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EFFECTS OF INVOLUTE SPUR GEAR STRUCTURE PARAMETERS ON MESHING EFFICIENCY by ZHANG BaoFeng, CUI YaHui, LIU Kai, Dong YaWen

“…Based on the concept of contact counterforce between gear pair,the paper studied the meshing efficiency of involute spur gear mechanism,analyzed the effect factors of friction coefficient between contact tooth surfaces. Referring to the existent research models of friction coefficient,the paper discussed the meshing characteristics of spur gear and helical gear’s transmission,and derived the mathematic expressions of instantaneous meshing efficiency and average meshing efficiency for gear transmission of spur gear and helical gear. …”
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Influence of the heat transfer coefficient on heat transfer in a vibrating cylindrical cavity by A. A. Gubaidullin, A. V. Pyatkova

“…For each of the considered vibration frequencies, the values of the heat transfer coefficient were determined at which the overall average temperature in the cavity increases. The influence of the heat transfer coefficient on the direction of the heat flux through the side surface of the cavity at different vibration frequencies was analyzed.…”
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Spatiotemporal behavior of the far wake of a wind turbine model subjected to harmonic motions: phase averaging applied to stereo particle image velocimetry measurements by A. Hubert, B. Conan, S. Aubrun

“…A quasi-steady-state analysis was carried out, showing that the phase-averaged observations appear to be larger than simple steady-wake model predictions and revealing the dynamic nature of the wake responses to the motion. …”
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Quantitative analysis of iris surface smoothness in normal population by Hanieh Fakhredin, Tahereh Mahmoudi, Soha Nohasfarmaniyeh, Diba Akbarzadeh, Maryam Kasiri, Elias Khalili Pour, Mohammad Zarei

“…Abstract This study aims to establish normative data for the Smoothness Index (SI) of the iris surface using Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography (AS-OCT) in a healthy population. …”
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Trend Analysis of Lake Surface Temperatures in Lake Van by Kebir Emre Saraçoğlu, Fevziye Ayça Saraçoğlu

“…The highest increase in seasonal analyses was seen in night data (0,080-0,099 °C/year) in the spring season. The average increase in long-term annual average water surface temperatures was calculated as 0,043 °C/year. …”
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