Estimation of groundwater storage loss using surface–subsurface hydrologic modeling in an irrigated agricultural region by Salam A. Abbas, Ryan T. Bailey, Jeremy T. White, Jeffrey G. Arnold, Michael J. White

“…We apply a linear quantile regression method to perform trend analysis for wet, dry, and average conditions for the 1982–2020 period. The SWAT + model uses the gwflow module to simulate groundwater storage and groundwater-surface water interactions in a physically based spatially distributed manner, with groundwater pumping linked to field-based irrigation demand. …”
Get full text

Real-time Detection of Imperfect Wheat Grains on Wheat Pile Surface Based on IDS-YOLO by FAN Jiawei, WU Lan, YAN Jingjing

“…Experimental results demonstrated that the improved IDS-YOLO algorithm achieved a balance between detection speed and accuracy, with an average increase of 6.2% in mean average precision (mAP) when compared with other benchmark algorithms. …”
Get full text

Comparative Evaluation of Water Sorption and Surface Roughness in Acrylic Denture Bases Fabricated by Conventional and CAD/CAM Techniques by Mina Mohaghegh, Elham Ansarifard, Fateme Erfanizade, Masume Taghva, Zahra Pouladi

“…The significance level was set at P-value≤0.05.Result: The average Ra values were significantly lower in the CAD/CAM group compared to the heat-cured group before and after surface polishing (P<0.001 and P=0.003, respectively). …”
Get full text

Investigating the Relationship Between Dust Event and Climate and Surface Factors in Khuzestan Province (2011-2019) by Elham Mobark Hassan, Mahnaz Karimkhani

“…By means ‎of remote sensing data including MERRA-2, GLDAS as well as Aqua, the ‎monthly average mass concentration of surface dust, air column dust and climate and surface ‎variables from 2011 to 2019 have been prepared and analyzed. …”
Get full text

Application of the Surface Complexation Model to the Biosorption of Cu(II) and Pb(II) Ions onto Biomass by Ruixia Liu, Yonghui Song, Hongxiao Tang

“…The two sites model provided the best fit for the biosorption of Cu(II) and Pb(II) ions onto the biomass by forming complexes with carboxyl and phosphate surface sites, with average log stability constants of 5.95 and 6.94 for Cu(II), and 6.64 and 8.08 for Pb(II), respectively. …”
Get full text

Organochlorine Pesticides in Surface Water of Jiuxi Valley, China: Distribution, Source Analysis, and Risk Evaluation by Zheng Liu, Guanlin Zheng, Zhen Liu

“…The investigation results indicated that the concentration of total OCPs varied from 4.07 to 13.5 ng·L−1 with an average value of 7.15 ng·L−1 in spring, and from 12.5 to 30.1 ng·L−1 with an average value of 19.9 ng·L−1 in autumn. …”
Get full text

Deep learning-based surface deformation tracking with interferometric fringes: A case study in Taiwan by Shih-Teng Chang, Shih-Yuan Lin, Yu-Ching Lin

“…The method achieved an average mean Average Precision (mAP) of 83.9% in Central Taiwan. …”
Get full text

A Lightweight Deep Learning Network with an Optimized Attention Module for Aluminum Surface Defect Detection by Yizhe Li, Yidong Xie, Hu He

“…Aluminum is extensively utilized in the aerospace, aviation, automotive, and other industries. The presence of surface defects on aluminum has a significant impact on product quality. …”
Get full text

The Impact of Multiple Autoclave Cycles on the Surface Roughness of Thermally Treated Nickel-Titanium Endodontic Files by Raidan Ba-Hattab, Rahaf A. Almohareb, Rana Alkhalaf, Shikhah Binnjefan, Meral Sulayem, Reem M. Barakat

“…An unsterilized group was assigned as the pre-autoclaving group (Cycle 0), and the other three groups underwent various autoclave sterilization cycles (Cycles 1, 5, and 10). The roughness average (Ra), root mean square (Rq), and average maximum peak-to-valley height (Rz) values were evaluated using SEM and ImageJ software. …”
Get full text

Characteristics and mechanism of overlying rock and surface damage in gently inclined thick coal seam mining by Xiaoshen XIE, Enke HOU, Bingchao ZHAO, Dong FENG, Pengfei HOU, Weiqiang GUO

“…Tensile cracks with average width of 1.5−18.0 cm and bench cracks with average drop height of 17.0 cm were mainly developed above the boundary of the working face. …”
Get full text

Body weight and body surface area of adult patients with selected cancers: An Italian multicenter study. by Valentina Danesi, Alice Andalò, Martina Cavallucci, William Balzi, Nicola Gentili, Mattia Altini, Roberta Maltoni, Ilaria Massa, Giorgia Vallicelli, Maria Teresa Montella, Carla Masini, Andrea Roncadori

“…The analysis included 20,634 treatment lines and the corresponding BW and BSA measures from a sample of 13,036 patients. The average BW was 68.05kg (64.20kg for females and 75.07kg for males) and the average BSA was 1.76m2 (1.66m2 for females and 1.87m2 for males). …”
Get full text

Urban Surface Water Mapping from VHR Images Based on Superpixel Segmentation and Target Detection by Qingwei Liu, Yugang Tian, Lihao Zhang, Bo Chen

“…Surface water is a fundamental resource in urban environments. …”
Get full text

Factors influencing lake surface water temperature variability in West Greenland and the role of the ice sheet by L. Carrea, C. J. Merchant, C. J. Merchant, R. I. Woolway, N. McCarroll, N. McCarroll

“…The connectivity to the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) has a clear influence on lake surface temperature, with ice-sheet-marginal lakes experiencing smaller average summer maximum temperature (<span class="inline-formula">&lt;6</span> <span class="inline-formula">°C</span>) and minimal interannual variability. …”
Get full text

Synchronous field measurement of high energy sand saltation on typical desert surfaces, Alxa plateau by Yu Gu, Yong Liu, Peijun Shi, Guoming Zhang, Yanyan Yang, Guangpeng Wang, Ziying Hu, Lianyou Liu

“…The measurements revealed that, under the local arid climate, the average annual 2 m-high wind speed on gravel Gobi was similar to that on sand sheet, but 1.26 to 1.43 times higher than that on the other three surface types. …”
Get full text

Utilization of Heavy Metal Pollution Indices to Appraise Surface Water Quality According to WHO Standards by Mohammed Freeh Sahab, Ahmed R. Alani, Ahmed Marzoog, Mustafa M. Fahad, Aymen Hameed Fayyadh

Get full text

Analysis of the Surface Quality Characteristics in Hard Turning Under a Minimal Cutting Fluid Environment by Sandip Mane, Rajkumar Bhimgonda Patil, Anindita Roy, Pritesh Shah, Ravi Sekhar

“…This paper analyzes the surface quality characteristics, such as arithmetic average roughness (Ra), maximum peak-to-valley height (Rt), and average peak-to-valley height (Rz), in hard turning of AISI 52100 steel using a (TiN/TiCN/Al₂O₃) coated carbide insert under a minimal cutting fluid environment (MCFA). …”
Get full text

Investigation and optimization of ZnO nanostructures for enhanced slippery liquid-infused nanostructured surface performance by Witchaphol Somrang, Somyod Denchitcharoen

“…The results indicated that at elevated temperatures, the ZnO nanorod templates exhibited a vertically well-aligned morphology with an increased average length, while the average diameters and rod density decreased. …”
Get full text

Effect of snow cover on cooling of the surface layer of the East Grenfjord (Austre Grønfjordbreen) Glacier (Svalbard) by A. V. Sosnovsky, R. A. Chernov

“…The purpose of this research is to estimate the effect of snow cover on the store of cold of the glacier surface layer. The store of cold is a complex parameter that shows the degree of cooling of the surface layer of the glacier at the end of the cold period. …”
Get full text

Acoustic modelling of surface sources. Part I. Piston model, discretizing error, axisymmetrical problem by A. BRAŃSKI

“…These elements were proposed in order to reduce the number of the elements in acoustical model of surface source. The boundaries of irregular elements were introduced by optimizing a mean square distance between exact directivity function and approximation one. …”
Get full text

Optimizing Defect Detection on Glossy and Curved Surfaces Using Deep Learning and Advanced Imaging Systems by Joung-Hwan Yoon, Chibuzo Nwabufo Okwuosa, Nnamdi Chukwunweike Aronwora, Jang-Wook Hur

“…However, there are deep concerns regarding the latency in the performance of AI for fault detection in glossy and curved surface products, due to their nature and reflective surfaces, which hinder the adequate capturing of defective areas using traditional cameras. …”
Get full text