Marine Unmanned Surface Vehicle Measurements of Solar Irradiance Under Typhoon Conditions by Ke Xu, Hongrong Shi, Hongbin Chen, Husi Letu, Jun Li, Wenying He, Xuehua Fan, Yaojiang Chen, Shuqing Ma, Xuefen Zhang

“…Autonomous unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) offer transformative potential for collecting marine meteorological data under extreme weather conditions, yet their capability to provide reliable solar radiation measurements during typhoons remains underexplored. …”
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Ocean Surface Retracking in Tropical Cyclones With the KaIA Airborne Radar Altimeter by Clayton M. Bjorland, Zorana Jelenak, Joseph W. Sapp, Casey G. Shoup, Bradley M. Isom, Paul S. Chang, James R. Carswell

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Calculation of Correction Factors for Vickers’ Hardness Measurements on a Non-Planar Surface by S. G. Sandomirski, A. L. Val’ko, S. P. Rudenko

“…The sufficiency of using of a quadratic power function for approximating K(d/D) dependences and the necessity of fulfilling the physically justified condition K ≡ 1 at zero curvature of tested surface have been substantiated. Simplification of calculation of K coefficient and decrease of calculation error in comparison with the recommended in the regulatory documents obtaining of K value by linear interpolation relative to two adjacent table values are shown.The reduction of the calculation error in comparison with the calculation recommended in the regulatory documents occurred because of the reason that when calculating by the developed formulas, the error in the value of the calculated for a specific value of d/D coefficient K is averaged over all n values of d/D given in the table of GOST for a given surface. …”
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Surface grain-size mapping of braided channels from SfM photogrammetry by L. Ribet, F. Liébault, L. Borgniet, M. Deschâtres, G. Melun

“…The calibration curve can be used to determine the surface median grain size with an independent error of 5 <span class="inline-formula">mm</span> (14 % of relative error). …”
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SIGNIFICANCE OF SOIL DEVELOMENT AND IRON OXIDES CONTENT ON PROPERTIIES OF PERMENANT CHARGE ON CLAY SURFACES IN SOME SELECTED SOILS FROM NORTHERN IRAQ by Saleh Mawlood, Qahtan D. Essa

“…Results showed that the highest values of permanent negative charge on clay surfaces before removing iron oxides was found in Mukhmour soil with average 34.5 C.mol. kg^-1. clay, while the lowest values appeared in clay fraction of Zakho soil (18.1 C.mol. kg^-1. clay), but in Shikhan soil,the negative charge values was at average of (20.0 C.mol. kg^-1 clay). …”
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A Comparative Study of RANS and PANS Turbulence Models for Flow Characterization Around the Joubert BB2 Submarine by Changhun Lee, Hyeri Lee, Woochan Seok

“…This study presents a comparative numerical investigation of Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) and partially averaged Navier–Stokes (PANS) turbulence models applied to the Joubert BB2 submarine geometry under steady, calm-water conditions. …”
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Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Earthquake Events in Kahramanmaraş on 6 February 2023 by Özer Akyürek

“…Ten-week spatial distributions of the aftershocks were examined with the weighted average center method and it was determined that the earthquake intensity and average centers shifted towards the north. …”
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THE EFFECT OF SHIELDING GAS ON SURFACE DEFECTS AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS AFTER THE GMAW WELDING by IGNB Catrawedarma, Azriel Alfito Dela Rosi, M. Abdul Wahid, Dian Ridlo Pamuji, Eli Novita Sari, Anggra Fiveriati

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Numerical Model of Condensate Water Droplet Motion on Fin Surface under Dehumidifying Conditions by Xiong Wei, Zhuang Dawei, Hu Haitao, Ding Guoliang, Xi Guannan

“…With the surface tension is taken into account, which is defined by the contact angle and VOF method, a numerical model of condensate water droplet moving on fin surface is developed. …”
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Features of heat transfer and phase-change on a pinned surface at pulse heat release by Khan Polina, Levin Anatoliy, Moskvin Mikhail, Safarov Alexey, Filatov Ilya

“…An experimental study was conducted of the boiling characteristics of water subcooled to the saturation temperature during pulsed heating on a smooth surface with a technical roughness of up to 5 μm and on a modified surface with cylindrical pins 200 μm in height and diameter, located at the nodes of a rectangular grid with a step of 400 μm, with an upward flow with a pressure of 0.29 MPa and an average flow velocity of 0.52 m/s. …”
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Optimal surface defect detector design based on deep learning for 3D geometry by Sangmin Suh

“…In validation experiments, an average F1 score of 0.932 and an average area under curve of 0.99 were obtained, implying that the proposed algorithm has near-ideal performance.…”
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Research on LSTM-PPO Obstacle Avoidance Algorithm and Training Environment for Unmanned Surface Vehicles by Wangbin Luo, Xiang Wang, Fang Han, Zhiguo Zhou, Junyu Cai, Lin Zeng, Hong Chen, Jiawei Chen, Xuehua Zhou

“…The current unmanned surface vehicle (USV) intelligent obstacle avoidance algorithm based on deep reinforcement learning usually adopts the mass point model to train in an ideal environment. …”
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Impact of Station Relocation on Observed Surface Wind Measurement Data and Its Application Effectiveness by Zhang Yongshan, Zhao Xiaodong, Yuan Chunhong, Song Lili

“…Surface wind speed time series from national meteorological stations are frequently utilized in studies of wind climate change analysis, wind energy resource assessment, and engineering considerations for wind resistance. …”
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Investigating surface loading effect on seasonal crustal deformation observed by GNSS in Hong Kong by Hongli Lv, Xiaoxing He, Shunqiang Hu

“…Abstract Surface loading effects related to atmospheric, hydrological, non-tidal ocean, are one of the principal sources of the seasonal oscillations in GNSS time series, and it should be taken into account for improving GNSS accuracy. …”
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Surface Urban Heat Island In Moscow During The COID-19 Pandemic Lockdown In 2020 by Mikhail A. Lokoshchenko, Eugeniya A. Enukova

“…The influence of the COronaVIrus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic lockdown (the period of strict quarantine measures) in the spring of 2020 on the ‘Surface Urban Heat Island’ (SUHI) geographical phenomenon in Moscow has been studied. …”
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Water Surface Spherical Buoy Localization Based on Ellipse Fitting Using Monocular Vision by Shiwen Wu, Jianhua Wang, Xiang Zheng, Xianqiang Zeng, Gongxing Wu

“…Spherical buoys serve as water surface markers, and their location information can help unmanned surface vessels (USVs) identify navigation channel boundaries, avoid dangerous areas, and improve navigation accuracy. …”
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Measurement of Roughness of Internal Surface of Measuring Pipeline in Real Time for Standard Orifice Plates by Bohdan Chaban

“…The new equations for calculating the hydraulic resistance coefficient of friction of natural gas on the internal surface of the measuring pipeline, the average value of natural gas pressure along the section of a measuring pipeline and the equivalent roughness were obtained. …”
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Improved faster R-CNN for steel surface defect detection in industrial quality control by Yuefeng Leng, Jiazhi Liu

“…Abstract Steel surface defect detection constitutes a critical inspection task in industrial production. …”
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Research on Surface Defect Detection of Rare-Earth Magnetic Materials Based on Improved SSD by Bin Zhang, Shuqi Fang, Zhixi Li

“…In order to overcome the limitation of manual visual inspection of surface defects of rare-earth magnetic materials and increase production efficiency of traditional rare-earth enterprises, a detection method based on improved SSD (Single Shot Detector) is proposed. …”
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Optimization of baffle’s height in an asymmetric twin-screw extruder using the response surface model by Yu Huiwen, Jie Xuzhang, Dong Tianwen, Xu Baiping

“…An aqueous solution of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na) was employed as a matrix fluid, and the red oil-based ink was used as a tracer. A response surface model was constructed to predict the average diameter of droplets in terms of the feed rate, screw speed, and baffle height, and then the corresponding optimal solutions were obtained. …”
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