Development of Low-Cost In-House Assays for Quantitative Detection of HBsAg, HBeAg, and HBV DNA to Enhance Hepatitis B Virus Diagnostics and Antiviral Screening in Resource-Limited... by Simmone D’souza, Layla Al-Yasiri, Annie Chen, Dan T. Boghici, Guido van Marle, Jennifer A. Corcoran, Trushar R. Patel, Carla S. Coffin

“…Both commercial and in-house DNA isolation methods yielded comparable half-maximal effective concentration (EC₅₀) values in TDF-treated HepAD38 cells. Additionally, in-house sandwich ELISA assays were developed for quantitative HBsAg and HBeAg detection, with LLOD values of 0.78 IU/mL and 0.38 PEI U/mL (Paul Ehrlich Institute), respectively. …”
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Radial and Vertical Constraints on the Icy Origin of H2CO in the HD 163296 Protoplanetary Disk by Claudio Hernández-Vera, Viviana V. Guzmán, Elizabeth Artur de la Villarmois, Karin I. Öberg, L. Ilsedore Cleeves, Michiel R. Hogerheijde, Chunhua Qi, John Carpenter, Edith C. Fayolle

“…More observations of other sources are needed to disentangle the dominant formation pathway of H _2 CO in protoplanetary disks.…”
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Revealing Potential Initial Mass Function Variations with Metallicity: JWST Observations of Young Open Clusters in a Low-metallicity Environment by Chikako Yasui, Natsuko Izumi, Masao Saito, Ryan M. Lau, Naoto Kobayashi, Michael E. Ressler

“…Although the uncertainties are rather large, the obtained M _C values are lower than those in any previous study ( $\mathrm{log}{M}_{C}/{M}_{\odot }\sim -0.5$ ). …”
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An examination of the reliability of seed-to-seed resting state functional connectivity in tinnitus patients by Sara A. Schmidt, Somayeh Shahsavarani, Rafay A. Khan, Yihsin Tai, Elsa C. Granato, Caterina M. Willson, Pedro Ramos, Paul Sherman, Carlos Esquivel, Bradley P. Sutton, Fatima T. Husain

“…While some of this variation can be explained by the heterogeneity of the tinnitus population, including tinnitus severity, the sources of variability in RS-FC of tinnitus patients are unclear. …”
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From Be X-Ray Binaries to Double Neutron Stars: Exploring the Spin and Orbital Evolution by Yungang Zhou, Dehua Wang, Chengmin Zhang

“…We find that the scaled <i>P</i> or <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>P</mi><mi>orb</mi></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> values of Galactic BeXBs share the similar bi-modal distributions to that of Galactic field DNSs, and these results can offer a reference to trace the classification and evolution between the two types of sources.…”
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Determining potential location for development planning of ocean current energy for electricity resources in Bengkulu by Nazzla Rauzatul, Jaya Indra, Panggabean Donwill, Rahmat Ayi

“…This study aims to determine the potential locations for alternative energy sources from waves and currents. Located in the Indian Ocean, the hydrodynamics potential of Bengkulu waters is quite high. …”
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Theological Reflections on Selected Adinkra Symbols by Theophilus Effah-Manu, Isaac Boaheng, Nathan Iddrisu Samwini

“…This study collected data through literature research using secondary sources such as books, articles, and dissertations. …”
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Expert elicitation on the relative importance of possible SARS-CoV-2 transmission routes and the effectiveness of mitigations by Harry Rutter, David Spiegelhalter, Alexandra LJ Freeman, Simon Parker, Catherine Noakes, Shaun Fitzgerald, Alexandra Smyth, Ron Macbeth

“…In this study, a pragmatic expert elicitation was undertaken to supply the underlying quantitative values to produce such a communication tool.Participants Twenty-seven individual experts from five countries and many scientific disciplines provided estimates.Outcome measures Estimates of transmission parameters, assessments of the quality of the evidence, references to relevant literature, rationales for their estimates and sources of uncertainty.Results and conclusion The participants’ responses showed that there is still considerable disagreement among experts about the relative importance of different transmission pathways and the effectiveness of different mitigation measures due to a lack of empirical evidence. …”
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Collaboration of Social Institutions in Character Education of Teenagers by Rohman Rohman, Ismiati Irzain, Ahmad Asrin, Kholidah Nur

“…Findings show that active communication, deliberation, and religious activities such as recitations, mutual cooperation, and youth discussions are effective strategies in instilling positive values. Direct involvement of community leaders strengthens social ties and reduces immoral behavior and crime among youth. …”
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Comparison of Hexagonal and Square Fuel Pin Arrangement with UN-PuN Fuel in PWR by Muhammad Syu’bi Alwi, Ratna Dewi Syarifah, M. Khanifuddin Zuhri, Wenny Maulina

“…Indonesia is experiencing an increasing demand for electrical energy, which can be met through alternative sources such as nuclear energy generated in nuclear reactors at Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs). …”
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Physicomechanical properties of composite plaster of Paris from locally grown sisal fiber and gypsum by Abdulganiyu Sanusi, Akeem Gbenga Amuda, Adekunle Adeleke, Abdulhameed Danjuma Mambo, Mahamat Abakar Mahamat, Peter Ikubanni

“…Abstract The components of POP ceiling boards (POP-CB) in Nigeria consist of gypsum cement and sisal fiber (SF), which are typically imported, resulting in higher construction costs for roof finishes. This study sourced fiber locally from a fiber plant, treating some specimens with NaOH (LSF-2) and others with NaCl (LSF-3), while some remained untreated (LSF-1). …”
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Comparison of the Level of Boron Concentrations in Black Teas with Fruit Teas Available on the Polish Market by Anetta Zioła-Frankowska, Marcin Frankowski, Karel Novotny, Viktor Kanicky

“…Hence, it may not produce any health risks for human consumption, if other sources of metal contaminated food are not taken at the same time.…”
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Predicting Movie Production Years through Facial Recognition of Actors with Machine Learning by Asraa Muayed Abdalah, Noor Redha Alkazaz

“…The Arab Actors Dataset-AAD comprises 574 images sourced from various movies, encompassing both black and white as well as color compositions. …”
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Performance analysis of 1210kW grid-connected solar photovoltaic systems at Bukhara State University by Bekhzod Khikmatov, Mirfayz Mirzaev, Kamoliddin Samiev, Obidjon Khamidov

“…Among renewable energy sources, solar energy clearly stands out due to its wide range of possibilities. …”
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Planetary Obliquity Excitation through Pre-main-sequence Stellar Evolution by Sidhant Kumar Suar, Sarah C. Millholland

“…The overall picture is complicated by other sources of perturbation, including the disk, multiple planets, and tidal dissipation. …”
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Efficiency of Removing Xylene Vapor from Air Utilizing Nano Graphene and Nano Graphene Oxide by Akram Tabrizi, Mostafa Jafarizaveh, Hamid Shirkhanloo, Farideh Golbabaeie

“…Introduction: Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are hazardous toxic pollutants in the air, which are released from various industrial sources. Due to the adverse effects of xylene on health, the effective removal of VOCs from the air by nano sorbents is crucial. …”
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Preparation Method of Chitosan Oligosaccharide and Chitin Oligosaccharide and Their Application in Aquaculture by Chunlan LU, Bei WANG

“…Chitosan oligosaccharides and chitin oligosaccharides due to non-toxic, nonharmful, and residue-free characteristics, with a variety of bioactive functions and a wide range of sources, is gradually valued and studied by many scholars. …”
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Studies on Host–Parasite Relationship Between Soybean Plants and <i>Aphelenchoides besseyi</i> by Neveen Atta Elhamouly, Nehal Atta, Shiming Liu, Deliang Peng

“…The present investigation successfully shed light on some significant new points, including the following: (1) <i>A. besseyi</i> was confirmed inside all soybean tissues—including roots, stems, leaves, and seeds—indicating its endoparasitic nature and its strong ability to reach the upper foliar system where it causes green stem and foliar retention syndrome (GSFR) symptoms; (2) inoculated plants exhibited reduced vegetative growth parameters, as non-inoculated control soybean plants showed higher values of plant height (PH), fresh root weight (FRW), and fresh shoot weight (FSW) compared to inoculated plants; (3) Yudou 29 was identified as highly resistant to <i>A. besseyi</i>, as results from the resistance screening assay among different Chinese soybean cultivars confirmed its strong resistance under natural field infestation conditions; and (4) soybean seeds may act as inoculum sources of <i>A. besseyi,</i> highlighting the need to develop more effective control measures to prevent or limit nematode dissemination through seed transmission.…”
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Climatic and socioeconomic conditions jointly drive the carbon emissions of the urban passenger transport sector by Siyan Chen, Haiyan Duan, Junhua Song, Zhiyuan Duan, Bailin He, Zhenhui Gao, Lixiao Zhang

“…Private cars and motorcycles are the primary sources of carbon emissions, accounting for 295.8 Mt CO2 (61.2%) and 105.66 Mt CO2 (21.9%), respectively. …”
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Applications of nanotechnology in fertilizers: A review study by Shivam Kumar, Yagyavalkya Sharma, Vishal Khandelwal, Kalpana Rawat, Anjali Patil

“…The ability of any country to grow depends on its ability to produce food and resources for its people that are high in nutrients or values. However, its growth is being hampered by various factors such as soil quality, water quality, climate change, and overcrowding of any population. …”
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