Comparing Methods for Calculating Solar Energetic Particle Intensities: Rebinning versus Spectral Binning by M. E. Cuesta, L. Y. Khoo, G. Livadiotis, M. M. Shen, J. R. Szalay, D. J. McComas, J. S. Rankin, R. Bandyopadhyay, H. A. Farooki, J. T. Niehof, C. M. S. Cohen, R. A. Leske, Z. Xu, E. R. Christian, M. I. Desai, M. A. Dayeh

“…We investigate two methods for calculating intensities across multiple energy bins: (a) rebinned intensity ( ${\overline{j}}_{{\rm{linlin}}}$ ), which is calculated by integrating the intensity over energy space and corresponds to the intensity at an effective energy that depends on the time-varying spectral index, and (b) spectral binned intensity ( ${\overline{j}}_{{\rm{loglog}}}$ ), calculated by integrating the log intensity in log–energy space, yielding the intensity at the log-centered energy that is independent of the spectral index and remains constant over time. …”
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APPLICATION OF MSC ADAMS – NX NASTRAN/FEMAP INTERFACE IN STRENGTH CALCULATIONS OF TRUCK FRAMES by Adam PRZEMYK, Andrzej HARLECKI, Tomasz GANCARCZYK

“…The interface is applied in order to calculate the strength of the frame in the selected truck, which runs on the test track. …”
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Research on the Calculation and Safeguarding of Minimum Ecological Flow of Rivers with Cascade Small Hydropower Development by WANG Lulu, DING Xiaowen, LI Xingpin, CHEN Qingwei

“…Small hydropower plays an important role in China’s hydropower resources.However,it inevitably affects the water ecological environment downstream adversely during its construction and operation.Calculating the minimum ecological flow can reduce such effects of small hydropower during its operation.Taking the main stream of the Dongjiang River,where cascade small hydropower development is carried out,as an example,this paper calculated its minimum ecological flow respectively by the improved Tennant method,Q_P method,empirical method,frequency curve method,and NGPRP method.Under the condition of a 95% guarantee rate,the above five calculation results were compared and analyzed.The minimum ecological flow value of 232.81 m³/s calculated by the Q_P method was selected as the lower limit of the minimum ecological flow,and the inner envelope line of the improved Tennant method and the frequency curve method was selected as the monthly minimum ecological flow process.Safeguard measures for the minimum ecological flow of the main stream of the Dongjiang River were put forward to ensure the healthy and sustainable development of small hydropower and the water ecosystem of the river.…”
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Strong toxic gas detection on penta-BCP monolayers: Insights from DFT calculations by Thanasee Thanasarnsurapong, Suchanuch Sringamprom, Pakpoom Reunchan, Weekit Sirisaksoontorn, Sirichok Jungthawan, Piyanooch Nedkun, Jariyanee Prasongkit, Adisak Boonchun

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Considerations for Permitted Daily Exposure Calculation for Contaminants in Medicinal Products Manufactured in Shared Facilities by A. G. Solodovnikov, E. I. Morkovin, D. V. Kurkin, E. Yu. Sorokina, T. F. Peretolchina

“…The aim of this study was to provide practical guidance on selecting adjustment factors for calculating PDEs to establish limits for potential contaminants in multi-purpose pharmaceutical facilities. …”
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Calculation of the main operational characteristics of a tethered high-altitude ship-based system by I. I. Dawlyud

“…The long-term operation of UAVs on ships can be ensured by tethered high-altitude systems in which the power supply of engines and equipment is provided from the onboard energy source through a thin cable tether. This paper aims to select and justify the appearance of such system, as well as to calculate the required performance characteristics.Methods. …”
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Methods of calculation, diagnostics and regulation of a system of gas’s recirculation of supercharging engine’s unit by Yu. P. Makushev, A. V. Drevel, T. A. Makusheva

“…This article describes the problems of selecting structural and adjustment parameters of a system of automated control by energy of an engine’s exhaust gases flowing to the blades of a turbine wheel. …”
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Calculation of Short-circuit Current of Metro Vehicle Based on External Characteristics of Rectifier Unit by Lei SUN, Mingli WU, Jixing SUN, Zihui HAO, Lei PAN, Tiance LI

“…The application analysis of the actual operating conditions shows that the calculation can verify the reliability of the vehicle-network protection configuration. …”
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Calculation Model of Multi-roll Straightening Process Based on Bilinear Hardening and Power Hardening by ZHU Xiaoyu, CHENG Zixing, WANG Xiaogang, HAN Peisheng

“…The results were compared with both experimental data and finite element simulations to assess model accuracy.Results and DiscussionsResidual curvature was calculated under five straightening schemes and for hardening coefficients (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5). …”
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Combined Compliance Calculation Method of the Flexure Hinge with Variable Cross Section and Its Verification by Guan Lixin, Liu Qingling

“…The structure characteristics of the right circle,corner filleted and elliptical flexure hinge are fully analyzed,half of the flexure hinge is selected as the research object and the reasonable integral variable is set,the compliance formulas for calculating the half of the flexure hinge are obtained. …”
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A Numerical Integration Method for Calculating the Bit Error Rate of Time-Modulated Array by Kexin Wang, Jian Zhang, Gang Xin, Xue Lei, Jun Gao, Tianpeng Li

“…We express the bit error rate as a Laplace inversion integral and select the integration path using the saddle point method. …”
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Calculating punitive damage multiplier in intellectual property cases: An empirical study and the enhanced model. by Jiangang Shang, Weiqi Xu, Weina Xu, Keyao Wu

“…In this study, we conducted a comprehensive quantitative analysis by selecting 79 pertinent judgments from a dataset of 3,478 intellectual property rulings. …”
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METHODS OF CALCULATING DISCOUNT AND CAPITALIZATION RATES TO VALUATING REAL ESTATE IN ACCORDANCE WITH MARKETS CONDITIONS by L. Chubuk

“…The alternative methods for setting the discount rates are selected (Galasyuk’s method). There are resulted recommendations in relation to approaching calculated size of the discount and capitalization rates to the real market information. …”
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Procedures for calculation of the albedo with OLI-Landsat 8 images: Application to the Brazilian semi-arid by Bernardo B. da Silva, Alexandra C. Braga, Célia C. Braga, Leidjane M. M. de Oliveira, Suzana M. G. L. Montenegro, Bernardo Barbosa Junior

“…Images of the year 2013, path 215 and row 65, were selected. The data necessary for calculating the albedo were extracted from each image metadata: additive and multiplicative terms of radiance and reflectance, and sun elevation angle. …”
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Hygienic substantiation of calculating models for predicting toxicity of different classes insecticides (first part). by A. M. Antonenko, O. P. Vavrinevych, S. T. Omelchuk, B. I. Shpak

“…In the first stage, calculations will be carried out and the most reliable models will be proposed. …”
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Thermodynamic calculation-assisted design of 500 MPa high performance steel by machine learning by Weiyi Gong, Jinshan He, Fan Wang, Xitao Wang

“…Subsequently, three groups of designed chemical compositions were appropriately selected for verification. The results indicate that the yield strength of the experimental steel was over 500 MPa, and the maximum error in microstructure and mechanical property prediction was 5.0%. …”
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GAN-WGCNA: Calculating gene modules to identify key intermediate regulators in cocaine addiction. by Taehyeong Kim, Kyoungmin Lee, Mookyung Cheon, Wookyung Yu

“…GAN-WGCNA enables correlation calculations between phenotype and gene expression profiles and visualizes time-series gene module interplay. …”
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An original method of direct calculation for the identification of the last hinge and the definition of the deformative state at collapse by Roberto Maria De Salvo

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Surrogate Model-based Fast Calculation of Power Cable Temperature Field: Method and Application by Li HUANG, Yun LIANG, Hui HUANG, Xiaoyan SUN, Shan WANG, Yuqiang YANG

“…However, this process can be time-consuming through numerical calculations and experimental measurements. To address this issue, a new method for constructing surrogate model based on multi-physics field simulation data is proposed to calculate the cable's internal temperature field quickly and accurately. …”
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An original method of direct calculation for the identification of the last hinge and the definition of the deformative state at collapse by Roberto Maria De Salvo

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