Causal relationship between educational attainment and the occurrence of venous thromboembolism by Sitong Guo, Sitao Tan, Shiran Qin, Dandan Xu, Henghai Su, Xiaoyu Chen

“…Two-sample Mendelian Randomization (TSMR) analysis was conducted, with the results obtained from the random effects inverse variance weighted method (IVW). …”
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A longitudinal replication study testing migration from video game loot boxes to gambling in British Columbia, Canada by Lucas Palmer, Gabriel A. Brooks, Luke Clark

“…Spending on direct purchase microtransactions did not predict gambling initiation in either set of models when controlling for loot box spending, underscoring the role of randomized rewards. Conclusions These data provide further prospective evidence for gambling ‘migration’ in a sample recruited in Western Canada, indicating that young adults who spend money on loot boxes are at elevated risk for real-money gambling.…”
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Post-genome-wide association study dissects genetic vulnerability and risk gene expression of Sjögren’s disease for cardiovascular disease by Xinglin Yi, Erxiong Liu, Yong Wang

“…Methods We performed two-sample and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the association between SD and the risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke. …”
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Two probable human leukocyte antigen haplotypes in association with human leukocyte antigen HLA-DRB1*13:50:01 identified in 41 randomized unrelated Taiwanese individuals by Nondumiso Ayanda Mazibuko, Kuo-Liang Yang

“…Materials and Methods: The samples in this study were blood samples, preserved in dipotassium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and/or ACD anticoagulants. …”
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A randomized controlled study protocol of the TOBBI trial: the effect of a 6 weeks intervention with synbiotics on the recovery speed of the gut microbiota after antibiotic treatme... by Kelly Klomp, Maaike Alkema, Jan Knol, Anna M. Malinowska, Clara Belzer

“…Stool samples and their characteristics will be collected weekly by both groups. …”
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Understanding the interaction of upper respiratory tract infection with respiratory syncytial virus and Streptococcus pneumoniae using a human challenge model: a multicenter, rando... by Sanjita Brito-Mutunayagam, David O Hamilton, Elena Mitsi, Carla Solórzano, Grace Li, Bruno Rocha De Macedo, Filora Elterish, Xinxue Liu, Kiarash Tanha, Rachel White, Angela Hyder-Wright, Bhumika Patel, Britta C Urban, Conor Whelan, Hanane Trari Belhadef, Hannah Robinson, Emma Plested, Amber Thompson, Maria Lahuerta, Isis Kanevsky, Kena Swanson, Negar Aliabadi, Julie Catusse, Christian Theilacker, Bradford D Gessner, Natalie I Mazur, Christopher Chiu, Andrea M Collins, Ben Morton, Maheshi N Ramasamy, Daniela M Ferreira

“…If there are no safety concerns, we will then progress to an outpatient phase where participants will self-isolate at home. Clinical samples to be taken from participants include nasal swabs and washes for pathogen detection; and nasal cells, nasal lining fluid, and blood samples to examine mucosal and systemic immune responses.…”
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The Impact of Green Tea Kombucha on the Intestinal Health, Gut Microbiota, and Serum Metabolome of Individuals with Excess Body Weight in a Weight Loss Intervention: A Randomized C... by Gabriela Macedo Fraiz, Dandara Baia Bonifácio, Udielle Vermelho Lacerda, Rodrigo Rezende Cardoso, Viviana Corich, Alessio Giacomini, Hércia Stampini Duarte Martino, Sergio Esteban-Echeverría, Ana Romo-Hualde, David Muñoz-Prieto, Frederico Augusto Ribeiro de Barros, Fermín I. Milagro, Josefina Bressan

“…Biological samples and questionnaires were collected before and after the intervention. …”
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Impact of supplementing Limosilactobacillus fermentum MN–LF23 on the eradication of Helicobacter pylori with 14–day standard quadruple therapy: a randomized, double–blind, placebo–... by Yuyang Zhao, Xiaokang Niu, Yong Zhang, Liang Zhao, Liwei Zhang, Jingjing He, Qi Zhang, Yuejian Mao, Fuqing Wang, Xiaohui Zhao, Ran Wang

“…Methods A total of 94 adult patients with confirmed Hp infection were enrolled in this study and randomly allocated to the placebo or MN–LF23 group. …”
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The effect of education using the interactive avatar application on self-care and the ability to identify and respond to the symptoms of heart attack in patients with acute coronar... by Nahid Keivanlou, Faezeh Babaieasl, Jamshid Jamali, Saeedeh Baghyari, Zahra Dalir, Nayyereh Davoudi

“…Methods A non-blinded, two-arm, randomized controlled trial was conducted with 78 ACS patients randomly allocated to either an intervention group or a control group. …”
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Causal role of ischemic heart disease in ovarian cancer subtypes by Jianhai Chen, Huabin He, Ling Gao

“…This study used Mendelian randomization (MR) to explore potential causal associations. …”
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Development of Telepresence Among Patients and Psychotherapists in the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model: Longitudinal Observational Study of 20 Dyads From a Randomized Trial on... by Markus W Haun, Deborah van Eickels, Isabella Stephan, Justus Tönnies, Mechthild Hartmann, Michel Wensing, Joachim Szecsenyi, Andrea Icks, Hans-Christoph Friederich

“…Future studies with larger samples and more sessions are necessary to enhance the generalizability of these findings and to optimize the use of video consultations in mental health care.…”
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Prenatal multiple micronutrient-fortified balanced energy-protein supplementation and newborn telomere length and mitochondrial DNA content: a randomized controlled efficacy trial... by Giles T. Hanley-Cook, Yuri Bastos-Moreira, Dries S. Martens, Trenton Dailey-Chwalibóg, Laeticia Celine Toe, Brenda de Kok, Lionel OIivier Ouédraogo, Alemayehu Argaw, Kokeb Tesfamariam, Patrick Kolsteren, Lieven Huybregts, Tim S. Nawrot, Sarah De Saeger, Marthe De Boevre, Carl Lachat

“…Whole arterial blood samples were collected from the umbilical cord of 104 control and 90 intervention group infants, respectively. …”
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The Safety and Immunogenicity of a Quadrivalent Influenza Subunit Vaccine in Healthy Children Aged 6–35 Months: A Randomized, Blinded and Positive-Controlled Phase III Clinical Tri... by Lili Huang, Guangfu Li, Yuhui Zhang, Xue Zhao, Kai Wang, Chunyu Jia, Wei Zhang, Jiebing Tan, Xiaofen Chen, Qin Li, Hongyan Jiang, Rui An, Wenna Leng, Yongli Yang, Youcai An, Yanxia Wang, Yaodong Zhang

“…Serious adverse events (SAEs) were collected and reported within 6 months after the full vaccination. Blood samples were collected before the first dose and on 28 days, 3 months and 6 months after full vaccination for antibody detection to evaluate the immunogenicity and duration of immune responses. …”
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Effectiveness of a Care Plan Based on the Multi-Theory Model in Reducing Fear of Disease Progression and Improving Quality of Life in Breast Cancer Patients: A Randomized Controlle... by Zhang J, Zhuang J, Chen X, Chu T, Zhang Q, Ma L, Zhou H, Wu Y, Chen L

“…Data were analyzed using Fisher’s exact test or chi-square test, Mann–Whitney U-test, independent samples t-test, generalized estimating equations, or repeated measures ANOVA.Results: At various post-intervention assessments, the Multi-Theory Model group demonstrated significantly lower fear of progression scores along with higher self-management efficacy and quality of life scores, compared to the control group (p < 0.05). …”
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Interventions to Reduce Serum Per- and Poly-Fluoroalkyl Substances Levels, Improve Cardiovascular Risk Profiles, and Improve Epigenetic Age Acceleration in US Firefighters: Protoco... by Reagan Conner, Cynthia Porter, Karen Lutrick, Shawn C Beitel, James Hollister, Olivia Healy, Krystal J Kern, Floris Wardenaar, John J Gulotta, Kepra Jack, Matthew Huentelman, Jefferey L Burgess, Melissa Furlong

“…At enrollment and end of the study, participants provide blood and urine samples and complete a comprehensive questionnaire on their occupational and health history, exposures, and lifestyle behaviors. …”
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A Meta-analysis of improvement of the nutritional status with whey protein in patients with maintainable hemodialysis by ZHANG Cheng-hua, SHENG Mei-xiao

“…Objective To evaluate the efficacy of whey protein in improving nutritional status in maintenance hemodialysis(MHD)patients.Methods We systematically searched the PubMed,Web of science,Cochrane Library,Embase,CNKI,CBM,VIP and Wan-Fang databases from their inception to November 10 th,2019.Two researchers screened and extracted the literature independently based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria.The Cochrane Risk Assessment Tool was used to evaluate risk of bias for the included literature.Finally,we used Review Manager 5.3 software to conduct the meta-analysis.Results A total of 1029 papers as related literature were available in our search,and 9 ones of the papers were included finally,involving a total of 525 patients.The Meta-analysis showed that,compared with the control group,whey protein could raise the serum albumin level of the patients [OR=0.22,95%CI(0.07,0.37),P=0.004],improve serum creatinine levels [OR=-0.45,95%CI(-0.89,-0.01),P=0.03],and reduce the phosphorus load [OR=-0.45,95%CI(-0.89,-0.01),P<0.01].What’s more,in subgroup analysis,when whey protein was used as an additional supplement it seemed to be more significantly improve serum albumin(P<0.01),with statistically significant difference between the subgroups.Conclusions Whey protein can improve the nutritional level of MHD patients.However,due to fewer study samples included and the lack of clinical long-term indicators,the conclusion is still to validate further by more long-term,high-quality,large-sample,multicenter,randomized double-blind clinical trials.…”
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Electronic Pillbox-enabled Self-administered Therapy Versus Standard Directly Observed Therapy for Tuberculosis Medication Adherence and Treatment Outcomes in Ethiopia: a Multicent... by Dr Tsegahun Manyazewal, Dr. Yimtubezinash Woldeamanuel, Mr. Tewodros Getinet, Ms Alison Hoover, Dr Kidist Bobosha, Mr Oumer Fuad, Dr. Belete Getahun, Prof. Abebaw Fekadu, Dr. David Holland, Prof. Vincent Marconi

“…Urine isoniazid testing was conducted on 443 (97%) samples obtained from 114 participants, revealing that 13 participants yielded at least one negative result. …”
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Efficacy of Topical Corticosteroid vs PUVAsol Following Split Thickness Grafting in Stable Vitiligo: A Randomised Control Trial by Prafull Mehta, Chinmai Yadav, Ramesh Kumar, Suresh Jain

“…The limitation of our study was short follow-up and small sample size.…”
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Causal associations of thyroid function with inflammatory bowel disease and the mediating role of cytokines by Shuyun Wu, Jiazhi Yi, Bin Wu

“…The objective of this study is to investigate the causal association between thyroid function and IBD.MethodsGenome-wide association studies (GWAS) involving seven indicators of thyroid function, IBD, and 41 cytokines were analyzed. Bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) and multivariable MR were conducted to examine the causal relationship between thyroid function and IBD and to explore the potential mechanisms underlying the associations.ResultsGenetically determined hypothyroidism significantly reduced the risk of CD (odds ratio [OR] = 0.761, 95% CI: 0.655–0.882, p &lt; 0.001). …”
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Identification the correlation between hip and knee osteoarthritis and their causal relationship with immune traits by Qiuping Fan, Yongmin Wei, Shaodong Chen, Weiping Ji, Hao Li

“…Moreover, their specific associations with immune traits also remain unclear. Method Using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, the association between HOA and KOA was comprehensively assessed. …”
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