Study protocol for a randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled trial on ASA therapy for patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, NSAID-exacerbated respiratory dis... by Sanna Toppila-Salmi, Sanna Toppila-Salmi, Sanna Toppila-Salmi, Annina Lyly, Annina Lyly, Viljami Salmi, Viljami Salmi, Mikko Nuutinen, Mikko Nuutinen, Michael Kilpiö, Michael Kilpiö, Tanzeela Hanif, Tanzeela Hanif, Tanzeela Hanif, Mikko Niemi, Mikko Niemi, Mikko Niemi, Anu Laulajainen-Hongisto, Lena Hafrén, Mika Mäkelä, Paula Kauppi, Paula Virkkula, Alma Helevä, Alma Helevä

“…Participants are randomized to receive either ATAD or placebo. The primary endpoint is the change in the SNOT-22 score observed at the 11-month follow-up. …”
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The geometry and dimensionality of brain-wide activity by Zezhen Wang, Weihao Mai, Yuming Chai, Kexin Qi, Hongtai Ren, Chen Shen, Shiwu Zhang, Guodong Tan, Yu Hu, Quan Wen

“…By recording whole-brain calcium activity in larval zebrafish during hunting and spontaneous behaviors, we find that the shape of the neural activity space, described by the neural covariance spectrum, is scale-invariant: a smaller, randomly sampled cell assembly resembles the entire brain. …”
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Impact of iSupport on improving knowledge on dementia and dementia care among family caregivers to persons with dementia and formal caregivers in Bangladesh: Protocol for a non-ran... by Muhammed Nazmul Islam, Parsa Musarrat, Hanne Konradsen, Marie Tyrrell, Antara Roy, Asibul Islam Anik, Zarina Nahar Kabir

“…The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of SAJIDA Foundation (2024-005-SFIRB). This non-randomized feasibility study aims to recruit 44 family caregivers and 132 formal caregivers from Dhaka, Bangladesh, using a purposive sampling technique. …”
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Machine learning models and dimensionality reduction for improving the Android malware detection by Pablo Morán, Antonio Robles-Gómez, Andres Duque, Llanos Tobarra, Rafael Pastor-Vargas

“…They can detect an average of 91.72% malware samples, with a very low false positive rate of 0.13%, and using only 5,000 features. …”
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Nasal Microbiota Profiling as a Predictive Secondary Tool for COVID-19 Diagnosis: The Critical Role of Taxonomic Resolution by Simon De Jaegher, Maria D’Aguanno, David Pinzauti, Manuele Biazzo

“…During each iteration of the Random Forest model, the dataset was randomly split into a training set (70%) and a testing set (30%). …”
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Predicting depression in healthy young adults: A machine learning approach using longitudinal neuroimaging data by Ailing Zhang, Haobo Zhang

“…Support vector machine and random forest algorithms were then used to construct prediction models. …”
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Construction of a predictive model for cognitive impairment among older adults in Northwest China by Yu Wang, Ni Wang, Yanjie Zhao, Xiaoyan Wang, Yuqin Nie, Liping Ding

“…Older adults in Northwest China were assessed between March 2022 and January 2023 using a multistage sampling method. We used random forest algorithms to select important features from potential predictors. …”
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Emerging strontium isoscapes of Anatolia (Türkiye): new datasets and perspectives in bioavailable 87Sr/86Sr baseline studies by G. Bike Yazıcıoğlu, David C. Meiggs, Maxwell Davis, Suzanne E. Pilaar Birch, Suzanne E. Pilaar Birch

“…We combine all published baseline 87Sr/86Sr data from Türkiye with our unpublished 87Sr/86Sr data from proxy samples (plants and snail shells) from central Anatolia, and by incorporating this data (n = 688) into the global database (where data from Türkiye is currently lacking), we create a modeled 87Sr/86Sr isoscape of Türkiye utilizing the R-script and we calculate the predicted standard error for this isoscape.Results and discussionThis study demonstrates how additional empirical data serves to improve the Türkiye section of the global model using kriging and random forest regression (RFR) techniques and it discusses how the uneven distribution of data impacts the resultant isoscape map. …”
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Fault diagnosis of shearer cutting unit gearbox based on improved cascaded broad learning by LI Xin, LI Shuhua, CHEN Hao, SI Lei, WEI Dong, ZOU Xiaoyu

“…Additionally, a class-specific weight allocation strategy was adopted to assign higher weights to minority class samples based on the class distribution of the input data, improving fault diagnosis performance under imbalanced data conditions. …”
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Causal Central Network Remodeling in Diabetic Neuropathy: An Integrated MR-fMRI Study by Li X, Gao L

“…Xiya Li, Ling Gao Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Ling Gao, Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road#238, Wuhan, 430060, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 15927469449, Fax +86 27 88042292, Email ling.gao@whu.edu.cnPurpose: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is traditionally viewed as a peripheral disorder, yet emerging evidence implicates central nervous system (CNS) network dysfunction in its pathogenesis, though causal mechanisms remain incompletely understood.Methods: Bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis examined causal relationships between Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (rs-fMRI) phenotypes (n=34,691) and DPN (n=96,474). …”
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Improving forest above-ground biomass estimation using genetic-based feature selection from Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 data (case study of the Noor forest area in Iran) by Armin Moghimi, Ava Tavakoli Darestani, Nikrouz Mostofi, Mahdiyeh Fathi, Meisam Amani

“…The study area was divided into four distinct regions (north, near north, middle, and south), and each region was documented with 100 sample plots through fieldwork to enable comprehensive analysis. …”
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Using Machine Learning to Estimate Near-ultraviolet Magnitudes and Probe Quenching Mechanisms of z = 0 Nuggets in the RESOLVE and ECO Surveys by Derrick S. Carr, Sheila J. Kannappan, Zackary L. Hutchens, Mugdha S. Polimera, Mark A. Norris, Kathleen D. Eckert, Amanda J. Moffett

“…The resulting RF-enhanced RESOLVE+ECO nugget sample allows us to analyze rare subpopulations—green nuggets and nuggets with active galactic nuclei (AGN)—likely associated with quenching. …”
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Strategies to Increase Response Rate and Reduce Nonresponse Bias in Population Health Research: Analysis of a Series of Randomized Controlled Experiments during a Large COVID-19 St... by Christina J Atchison, Nicholas Gilby, Galini Pantelidou, Sam Clemens, Kevin Pickering, Marc Chadeau-Hyam, Deborah Ashby, Wendy S Barclay, Graham S Cooke, Ara Darzi, Steven Riley, Christl A Donnelly, Helen Ward, Paul Elliott

“…MethodsOver 19 rounds, a random sample of individuals aged 5 years and older from the general population in England were invited by mail to complete a web-based questionnaire and return a swab for SARS-CoV-2 testing. …”
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Study protocol of the ASTOP trial: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of presurgical aspirin administration for the prevention of thromboembolic comp... by Sakyo Hirai, Kyohei Fujita, Shoko Fujii, Satoru Takahashi, Keigo Shigeta, Jun Karakama, Yukiko Enomoto, Yohei Sato, Masataka Yoshimura, Shin Hirota, Tatsuya Mizoue, Yoshikazu Yoshino, Yoshihisa Kawano, Toshihiro Yamamura, Shinya Kohyama, Masaru Hirohata, Shinichi Yoshimura, Yosuke Ishii, Toshihiro Yamauchi, Naoki Taira, Yoshiki Obata, Makoto Sakamoto, Masato Inoue, Motoshige Yamashina, So Tokunaga, Toshio Higashi, Kana Sawada, Hidetoshi Mochida, Keisuke Ido, Masataka Takeuchi, Tomoji Takigawa, Yasushi Takagi, Masafumi Morimoto, Masataka Nanto, Kazunori Miki, Kouichi Misaki, Koichi Arimura, Yoshiki Hanaoka, Mutsuya Hara, Shoko Hara, Kota Yokoyama, Jun Ooyama, Ryoichi Hanazawa, Hiroyuki Sato, Akihiro Hirakawa, Megumi Ishiguro, Shigeru Nemoto, Kazutaka Sumita

“…<h4>Methods and design</h4>ASTOP is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. …”
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Surface Ice Detection Using Hyperspectral Imaging and Machine Learning by Steve Vanlanduit, Arnaud De Vooght, Thomas De Kerf

“…Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Random Forest (RF) classifiers were trained on uncoated aluminum samples and evaluated on surfaces with different coatings to assess model generalization. …”
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Discrete Starfish Optimization Algorithm for Symmetric Travelling Salesman Problem by Muhammet Aktas, Fatih Kilic

“…The performance of D-SFOA is tested on STSP samples ranging in size from 30 to 1084 from TSPLIB. …”
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Efficient Real-Time Isotope Identification on SoC FPGA by Katherine Guerrero-Morejón, José María Hinojo-Montero, Jorge Jiménez-Sánchez, Cristian Rocha-Jácome, Ramón González-Carvajal, Fernando Muñoz-Chavero

“…A key feature of the design is its ability to perform real-time classification without storing ADC samples, directly processing nuclear pulse data as it is acquired. …”
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Large-Scale Monitoring of Potatoes Late Blight Using Multi-Source Time-Series Data and Google Earth Engine by Zelong Chi, Hong Chen, Sheng Chang, Zhao-Liang Li, Lingling Ma, Tongle Hu, Kaipeng Xu, Zhenjie Zhao

“…The identification results were validated on 221 field survey samples with an F1 score of 0.95. To monitor disease severity, we compared seven machine learning models: CART decision trees (CART), Gradient Tree Boosting (GTB), Random Forest (RF), single optical data Random Forest Time series model (TS–RF), single radar data Random Forest Time series model (STS–RF), multi-source data Gradient Tree Boosting Time series model (MSTS–GTB), and multi-source data Random Forest Time series model (MSTS–RF). …”
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The Efficacy of Manual Therapy and Pressure Biofeedback-Guided Deep Cervical Flexor Muscle Strength Training on Pain and Functional Limitations in Individuals with Cervicogenic Hea... by Shahnaz Hasan, Nasrin Bharti, Ahmad H. Alghadir, Amir Iqbal, Naiyer Shahzad, Abeer R. Ibrahim

“…A double-blinded, two-arm parallel group randomized comparative design. Methods. After applying the eligibility criteria, sixty out of eighty-nine CGH patients were recruited from King Saud University Medical Center in Riyadh and randomly allocated to intervention groups using simple random sampling. …”
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PTSD Coach as an early mobile intervention to improve cancer-related anxiety and psychosocial oncology uptake in patients newly diagnosed with head and neck cancer: pilot randomize... by Laurence Ducharme, Chris Lo, Michael Hier, Anthony Zeitouni, Karen Kost, Alex Mlynarek, Michael Antoni, Eric Kuhn, Jason E. Owen, Daren Heyland, Robert Platt, Fabienne Fuehrmann, Nader Sadeghi, Zeev Rosberger, Saul Frenkiel, Khalil Sultanem, George Shenouda, Fabio Cury, Melissa Henry

“…Methods A three-arm randomized controlled trial was conducted. The primary pilot study questions related to feasibility were: (1) can we recruit enough (i.e., n = 60 over 8 months or 8/month) and retain a sufficient proportion (i.e., ≥ 85% at three months post-randomization, having completed the primary outcome) of patients with HNC in all trial arms? …”
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