Analysis of influencing factors and equity in hospitalization expense reimbursement for mobile populations based on random forest model: a cross-sectional study from China by Lisheng Shen, Xinan Lu, Yanyun Zhang, Lin Fei, Bo Dong

“…After data cleaning, a sample of 3,186 individuals who incurred hospitalization expenses was selected for analysis. …”
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The role of circulating polyunsaturated fatty acids in mediating the effect of BMI on leukocyte telomere length: analysis using Mendelian randomization by Li Tan, Meng-Mei Zhong, Ya-Qiong Zhao, Yao Feng, Qin Ye, Jing Hu, Ze-Yue Ou-Yang, Ning-xin Chen, Xiao-Lin Su, Qian Zhang, Qiong Liu, Hui Yuan, Min-Yuan Wang, Yun-Zhi Feng, Yue Guo

“…., linoleic acid (LA) and total omega-6 PUFAs). Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) was used to investigate the causal relationships between BMI and PUFA with LTL. …”
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The association between secondhand smoke exposure and accelerated biological aging: A population-based study and Mendelian randomization analysis by Yue Zhu⁺, Yufan Gao⁺, Yangguang Lu⁺, Yukai Wang, Ziyu Pan, Huixiang Sheng, Jiajun Li, Yinuo Chen, Jialing Lou, Feng Chen, Fajing Yang

“…Subgroup and mediation analyses were conducted to explore population-specific effects and the mediating role of diabetes. Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) using GWAS summary statistics on workplace SHS exposure (N=90168) and phenotypic age acceleration (N=6148) assessed causality. …”
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Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for motor function in stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies by Guanli Xie, Tao Wang, Li Deng, Liming Zhou, Xia Zheng, Chongyu Zhao, Li Li, Haoming Sun, Jianglong Liao, Kai Yuan

“…It is important to interpret these findings with caution in clinical practice due to the small sample sizes and low quality of the studies reviewed. …”
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A Mendelian randomization study: causal relationship between immune cells and the risks of social phobia, specific phobia, and agoraphobia by Jun-Neng Wang, Dong-Hu Yu, Zhi-Yu Li, Ling-Yue Kong, Nan-Hao Li, You-Xian Wu, Tian-Qing Wang, Ze-Fen Wang, Zhi-Qiang Li

“…In this study, the relationships between immune cell traits and phobia were analysed using Mendelian randomization to explore the biological mechanisms. Methods Based on publicly-available genetic data, a two-sample MR analysis was used to determine the causal relationship between 731 immune cell traits and the risk of developing phobias. …”
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Serum vitamin C levels and risk of osteoporosis: results from a cross-sectional study and Mendelian randomization analysis by Zhiwen Liu, Zijing Peng, Yelin Zhong, Jianjun Wu, Sicheng Xiong, Wei Zhong, Jiehua Luo, Zhihai Zhang, Hongxing Huang

“…This research employs both a cross-sectional study and a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to explore how serum vitamin C levels correlate with the incidence of osteoporosis among adults. …”
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Is formal physical therapy necessary after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty? A single-blinded, randomized controlled trial by Andrew B. Rees, MD, G. Dillon Graham, MD, Joseph M. Burger, MD, Bryan M. Saltzman, MD, Shadley Schiffern, MD, Patrick Connor, MD, Nady Hamid, MD

“…Future research with larger sample sizes and higher follow-up rates would be valuable to confirm these findings.…”
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Comparative efficacy and acceptability of novel biologics in the treatment of myasthenia gravis: systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized trials by Chang Guan, Peixi Zhao, Meijin Song, Jing Lu, Huijing Cui, Dongxu Li, Tianying Chang, Yingzi Cui, Xikang Ding, Jian Wang, Peng Xu

“…We included randomized controlled trials involving patients with myasthenia gravis. …”
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The causal effect of vitamin D binding protein (DBP) levels on calcemic and cardiometabolic diseases: a Mendelian randomization study. by Aaron Leong, Waheed Rehman, Zari Dastani, Celia Greenwood, Nicholas Timpson, Lisa Langsetmo, Claudie Berger, METASTROKE, Lei Fu, Betty Y L Wong, Suneil Malik, Rainer Malik, David A Hanley, David E C Cole, David Goltzman, J Brent Richards

“…We undertook a Mendelian randomization study to determine whether DBP levels have causal effects on common calcemic and cardiometabolic disease.…”
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Comparative effectiveness of lactulose and sennosides for the prevention of peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis: an open-label, randomized, active-controlled trial by Kajohnsak Noppakun, Tichanun Narongchai, Romanee Chaiwarith, Uraiwan Wongsawad, Surachet Vongsanim, Chidchanok Ruengorn, Surapon Nochaiwong

“…The incidence of adverse events was not substantially different between the two groups; however, diarrhoea was more frequent in the lactulose group (38.0% vs. 18.0%; p = .030) than in the sennosides group.Conclusions Treatment with lactulose is not more effective than sennosides and cannot be routinely recommended for the prevention of peritonitis among the PD population.TRIAL REGISTRATIONThai Clinical Trial Registry (clinicaltrials.in.th); ID: TCTR20171012001KEY MESSAGETo the best of our knowledge, no randomized controlled trial that compares the efficacy and safety profiles of lactulose versus sennosides for the prevention of PD-related peritonitis among the PD population has been conducted.In this open-label, randomized, active-controlled trial, treatment with lactulose is not more effective than sennosides in the prevention of PD-related peritonitis, and it could increase the risk of bacterial PD-related peritonitis.Further studies with a larger sample size by incorporated real-world evidence are needed to confirm our findings and to explore strategies to prevent peritonitis among PD patients.…”
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Mendelian randomization analyses support causal relationship between brain imaging-derived phenotypes and risk of low back pain by Xiao-Yan Xie, Jian-Wei Lin, Jia-Yu Fang, Zhuo-Chen Chen, Peng-Cheng Li, Xiao-Yan Huang, Ming-Yan Guo, Li-Ling Lin, Ming-Hui Cao

“…Observational studies have reported associations between brain imaging-derived phenotypes (IDPs) and LBP; however, it is uncertain whether these relationships are causal. Bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were applied to explore the causal relationship between IDPs and LBP. …”
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Effects of Electroacupuncture and Mecobalamin for Utidelon-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Breast Cancer Patients: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial by Lu C, Shen Q, Deng D, Zhang Y, Wang P, Shao X, Deng Y, Bao W, Chen W, Li G

“…Nevertheless, further research involving larger sample sizes and extended follow-up periods is warranted to elucidate these effects.Trial registration: No. …”
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A Randomized, Sham-Controlled Trial on the Efficacy and Safety of Electroacupuncture for Lumbar Disc Herniation with Radiculopathy: Rationale and Study Protocol by Yang Y, Liu L, Yuan L, Liu X, Ding H, Zhou X, Cao Q

“…Participants will be allocated at a 1:1 ratio to receive either electroacupuncture or sham electroacupuncture (superficial needling at nonacupoint sites). The sample size was determined based on pilot study data and power calculations. …”
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Diagnostic Accuracy of a Machine Learning-Derived Appendicitis Score in Children: A Multicenter Validation Study by Emrah Aydın, Taha Eren Sarnıç, İnan Utku Türkmen, Narmina Khanmammadova, Ufuk Ateş, Mustafa Onur Öztan, Tamer Sekmenli, Necip Fazıl Aras, Tülin Öztaş, Ali Yalçınkaya, Murat Özbek, Deniz Gökçe, Hatice Sonay Yalçın Cömert, Osman Uzunlu, Aliye Kandırıcı, Nazile Ertürk, Alev Süzen, Fatih Akova, Mehmet Paşaoğlu, Egemen Eroğlu, Gülnur Göllü Bahadır, Ahmet Murat Çakmak, Salim Bilici, Ramazan Karabulut, Mustafa İmamoğlu, Haluk Sarıhan, Süleyman Cüneyt Karakuş

“…While machine learning (ML) offers a promising approach to enhance diagnostic precision, most prior studies have been limited by small sample sizes, single-center data, or a lack of external validation. …”
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A randomized phase II/III trial of rosuvastatin with neoadjuvant chemo-radiation in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer by Prachi S. Patil, Avanish Saklani, Naveena A. N. Kumar, Ashwin De’Souza, Rahul Krishnatry, Snehal Khanvilkar, Mufaddal Kazi, Reena Engineer, Vikas Ostwal, Anant Ramaswamy, Munita Bal, Priya Ranganathan, Ekta Gupta, Ekta Gupta, Sanjeev Galande, Sanjeev Galande

“…If the study is positive, we plan to proceed to a phase III RCT with 3-year DFS as the primary endpoint.MethodsThis is a prospective, randomized, open-label phase II/III study. The phase II study has a sample size of 316 patients (158 in each arm) to be accrued over 3 years to have 288 evaluable patients. …”
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Removable brace as a viable alternative to cast immobilization for ankle fractures—a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials by Xi Li, Xi Li, Xi Li, Kaiwen Yi, Kaiwen Yi, Shiqi Li, Shiqi Li, Na Liu, Lemei Zhu, Lemei Zhu, Lemei Zhu

“…To address this, we conducted a meta-analysis of prospective randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to compare the two approaches and assess the feasibility of using a removable brace as an alternative to cast immobilization.MethodsPubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science were last searched on January 18, 2025, to identify comparative studies evaluating removable braces vs. cast immobilization. …”
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Dissecting causal relationships between immune cells, blood metabolites, and aortic dissection: A mediation Mendelian randomization study by Ao Li, ZiAn Feng, ShiHao Fu, ZhenXiao Ma, HaiYang Zhang, ZhiWei Zhao

“…Our methodology hinged on the application of two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) and mediator MR analyses, prioritizing blood metabolites as potential intermediary factors and AD as the principal outcome of interest. …”
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Chain effect of lifecourse reproductive characteristics and body fat and muscle on cardiovascular disease in women: a Mendelian randomization study by Dong Liu, Chun Dou, Chaojie Ye, Lijie Kong, Zheng Zhu, Mingling Chen, Jie Zheng, Min Xu, Yu Xu, Mian Li, Zhiyun Zhao, Jieli Lu, Yuhong Chen, Guang Ning, Weiqing Wang, Yufang Bi, Tiange Wang

“…Methods In this study, we applied the two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses and two-step MR framework to investigate the causal chain effects and the mediating effect pathways among reproductive factors and fat- and muscle-related traits on CVD outcomes in women, applying the genome-wide association study summary statistics of 16 women's reproductive traits across puberty and pre-pregnancy, pregnancy and postpartum, and menopausal transition stages, 16 women's fat- and muscle-related traits, and five CVD outcomes of coronary artery disease (CAD), myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and ischemic stroke (IS) from over one million individuals of European descent. …”
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Causal association of antibody-mediated immune responses to infectious disease agents with lung cancer: a Mendelian randomization study by Guicai Liang, Lyubo Wang, Zhiqiang Wang, Tao Li, Lei Jiang, Yuncheng Bai, Lei Yang, Yi Feng, Yan Li, Meng Yang, Jiling Chang, Haiyue Yang, Xilong Zhou, Lincan Duan, Chunlei Ge

“…Compared with other traditional methods, Mendelian randomization (MR) studies reduce the influence of confounding factors, thus improving the accuracy of the results. …”
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Exploring blood immune cells in the protective effects of gut microbiota on rheumatic heart disease based on Mendelian randomization analysis by Juexiu LU, Yujie Huang, Yangguang Yin, Biqiong Tang

“…This study employed a two-sample Mendelian Randomization approach, utilizing GWAS data from the largest available datasets for gut microbiota and immune cells as exposures, with outcome data for Rheumatic Valve Diseases (RVD) and Rheumatic Heart Disease affecting other parts of the heart (RHD-other) obtained from the FinnGen study. …”
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