The Properties of an Edge-On Low Surface Brightness Galaxies Sample by Tian-Wen Cao, Zi-Jian Li, Pei-Bin Chen, Venu M. Kalari, Cheng Cheng, Gaspar Galaz, Hong Wu, Junfeng Wang

“…Star formation rates (SFRs) were calculated using WISE 12 <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">μ</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>m luminosity conversions and spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting methods, respectively. …”
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TESTING ACCURACY OF BUTT LOG VOLUME ESTIMATED BY USING SEVEN FORMULAS FOR CALIBRAIN PINE ( Pinus brutia Ten ) by Mohammed Obeyed

“…These butt logs were compared with true volume of each butt log which was determined by aggregating the volumes of measured short (1m) using Smalian’s formula. 150 of sample trees were measured into Zaweta and Atrush districts of Dohuk province. …”
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MinPlotX: A powerful tool for formula recalculation, visualization, and comparison of large mineral compositional datasets by Walters Jesse B., Gies Nils B.

“…The aim of MinPlotX is to provide publication-ready tables of mineral formulae and plots of mineral composition. The new GUI-based approach allows for a wider variety of calculation and plotting options, including both commonly used pre-defined mineral specific diagrams and a large variety of multi-dimensional diagrams that can be created quickly and easily by the user. …”
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Average Rényi entanglement entropy in Gaussian boson sampling by Jason Youm, Joseph T. Iosue, Adam Ehrenberg, Yu-Xin Wang, Alexey V. Gorshkov

“…One popular framework for these experiments is Gaussian boson sampling, where quadratic photonic input states are interfered via a linear optical unitary and subsequently measured in the Fock basis. …”
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Assessment by neo-CIAF formula predicts contrast occurrence of overweight and undernourishment in preschool children of Jangalmahal districts, India by Baibhab Mahanti, Subham Chowdhury, Soham Paul, Debjani Adak, Subhajit Mahanty, Rama Das, Surajit Majumder, Smarajit Maiti, Nirmalya Kumar Sinha

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PARAMETER ESTIMATION AND CONFIDENCE LIMIT CALCULATION METHOD OF THREE-PARAMETER WEIBULL DISTRIBUTION by ZHANG JianFeng, XU Fang, ZHANG Yan, HUANG XiaoBo, JIA ZhuoHan

“…A correlation-regression method was proposed to solve the problem of low accuracy of parameter estimation and confidence limit calculation of the three-parameter Weibull distribution.The method was combined by the correlation coefficient method(Fu method)and the nonlinear regression method which makes full use of the convenience of Fu method and the excellent estimation effect of the nonlinear regression method in estimating the three-parameter Weibull distribution.In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method,the correlation-regression method,Fu method and the method combining maximum likelihood estimation and empirical formulae(referred to as the“MMPDS method”)were applied to the parameter estimation and confidence limit calculation of the data distribution of a certain alloy strength value with different sample sizes,and calculation consequence of different methods was compared and analyzed.Results show that the correlation-regression method has higher parameter estimation and confidence limit calculation accuracy among the above methods.When the sample size is less than 100,its advantage is more significant,and it can accurately calculate the parameters and confidence limits of the Weibull distribution.…”
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Experimented Study on a Mechanical Auto Reversing Device and Calculation of the Mechanical Parameters by 路懿, 毛秉义

“…In this paper,the working principle of the mechanical auto reversing device is introduced.The working load and energy consumption of the device in the reversing operation is analyzed.The formulas for calculating the critical thrust for driving plate to reserve rotation are derived.The criterion of selection and calculation of the spring parameters during storing energy are determined.The test result of sample device shows that the reversing principle is correct and feasible,and the device have the features of little reverse impact force and high driving efficiency.…”
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Guidelines of the minimum sample size requirements for Kappa agreement test by Mohamad Adam Bujang, Nurakmal Baharum

“…Method:     We adopted the sample size formula provided by Flack and colleagues (1988) to calculate the minimum sample sizes required using PASS software. …”
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Hardware-Based Calculation of Mean Square Error for Automatic Target Recognition in SAR Images by Lucas Urbanski, Gustavo Farhat Araujo, Renato Machado, Roberto D'Amore

“…This paper presents a circuit architecture aiming for FPGA synthesis of a processing stage of an Automatic Target Recognition (ATR) algorithm to classify non-cooperative targets in Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images using the SAMPLE database. A reference algorithm in Python was used to determine whether the mathematical operations performed by the architecture are correct, comparing the results between different processing phases, such as the determination of the equivalence of coordinates between the target and the models (i.e., coordinates &#x201C;matching&#x201D;), partial calculations of the mean squared error, and the final result of the operations. …”
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Some Practical Guidelines for Effective Sample-Size Determination in Observational Studies by Wan Muhamad Amir Wan Ahmad, Wan Abdul Aziz Wan Mohd Amin, Nor Azlida Aleng, Norizan Mohamed

“…For example different formulas are used to calculate the sample size in different type of the study. …”
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Estimation of ice strength limits for uniaxial compression in the Sea of Okhotsk according to measurements and calculations by S. V. Godetsky, O. V. Kokin, O. A. Kuznetsova, A. S. Tsvetsinsky, V. V. Arhipov

“…The measured characteristics of the temperature and electrical conductivity of ice were used in calculations using empirical formulas. The calculated values of the ice strength limits were compared with the measurements. …”
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Large errors in soil carbon measurements attributed to inconsistent sample processing by R. J. Even, M. B. Machmuller, M. B. Machmuller, J. M. Lavallee, J. M. Lavallee, T. J. Zelikova, T. J. Zelikova, M. F. Cotrufo, M. F. Cotrufo

“…Compared to the reference method used in our study where % TC was quantified by dry combustion on an elemental analyzer, % SIC was measured using a pressure transducer, and % SOC was calculated by the difference in % TC and % SIC, predictions of all three soil properties (% TC, % SIC, and % SOC) using Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were in high agreement (<span class="inline-formula"><i>R</i>²</span> <span class="inline-formula">=</span> 0.97, 0.99, and 0.90, respectively). …”
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Calculation Method of Permeability Tensor Based on the Size Effect and Anisotropy of Rock Fracture Surface Roughness by Longyu Wang, Yanzhu Long, Gang Chen, Qianwei Mei, Fengqiang Luo, Hongsheng Gong, Ling Ma

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Cross-Domain Feature Enhancement-Based Password Guessing Method for Small Samples by Cheng Liu, Junrong Li, Xiheng Liu, Bo Li, Mengsu Hou, Wei Yu, Yujun Li, Wenjun Liu

“…It analyzes the password set using probabilistic context-free grammar (PCFG) to create a list of password structure probabilities and a dictionary of password fragment probabilities, which are then used to generate a password set structure vector. The method calculates the cosine similarity between the small-sample password set <i>B</i> from the target area and publicly leaked password sets <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>A</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> using the structure vector, identifying the set <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>A</mi><mrow><mi>m</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>x</mi></mrow></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> with the highest similarity. …”
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A Uniform Funnel Array for DOA Estimation in FANET Using Fibonacci Sampling by Siwei Huo, Ming Zhang, Yongxi Liu, Shitao Zhu

“…Moreover, Fibonacci sampling improves the DOA estimation accuracy by <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mn>11.54</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> as compared to the latitude–longitude sampling.…”
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Equivalence Test and Sample Size Procedures for Standardized Mean Differences in ANCOVA Studies by Gwowen Shieh

“…The associated power and sample size formulas are also described to accommodate the stochastic features of response and covariate variables. …”
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A New Method for Calculation of Transmission Line Tripping Probability Caused by Galloping of Iced Overhead Conductor by Hui LIU, Zengtai MA, Jikeng LIN, Hongqiang TIAN, Bo YAN, Chenliang ZUO

“…Firstly, the probability distribution functions of wind speed and frozen rainfall are obtained using their respective historical samples; next, a single-degree-of-freedom galloping model of iced conductors is built according to the Newton law; and then, the Ritz-galerkin method is utilized to solve the galloping model to acquire the analytical expression of the galloping amplitude with the wind speed and icing thickness as independent variables; furthermore, the probability distribution function of icing thickness, which is the function of wind speed and frozen rainfall, is calculated using the probability distribution functions of wind speed and frozen rainfall, and then the probability distribution function of galloping amplitude is also calculated; finally, according to the Poisson distribution obtained by the historical fault records of galloping-caused tripping, the joint probability for the over-limit of galloping amplitude and the short-circuit fault is obtained, and the galloping-caused tripping probability of iced conductors is calculated using the Bayesian formula under the condition of over-limit of galloping amplitude. …”
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Genetic Stability and Inbreeding in a Synthetic Maize Variety Based on a Finite Model by Juan Enrique Rodríguez-Pérez, Jaime Sahagún-Castellanos, Aureliano Peña-Lomelí, Clemente Villanueva-Verduzco, Denise Arellano-Suarez

“…A synthetic variety (SV) of maize may not become stable if the sample size representing each parental line (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>) is small. …”
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Microhardness and Dynamic Yield Strength of Copper Samples upon Impact on a Rigid Wall by N. V. Pakhnutova, E. N. Boyangin, O. A. Shkoda, S. A. Zelepugin

“…After the impact, the microhardness of the samples in the section plane was measured. The calculation of the dynamic yield strength was carried out according to the classical Taylor formula.Results. …”
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Using a representative sample to estimate the number of martyrs in Russia in the 20th century by Nikolay Somin

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