Noise Was Obviously Reduced by Both Leaf Texture and Surface Roughness in Leaf Scale by Guangpeng Sun, Bingqian Ma, Xianwen Li, Juyang Liao, Liuduan Wei, Xuan Guo, Chengyang Xu, Xiangqi Kong, Guixiang Jin, Yingshan Jin

“…The effects of noise reduction were mainly influenced by leaf texture through physical blocking and by leaf surface roughness through interference. (4) The findings demonstrate that leaf texture and leaf surface roughness are the suitable predictors for selecting highly efficient woody plants for establishing and improving noise-reduction-oriented forests.…”
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Robust Centroid Estimation Method with the Rough and Refined Estimation for Interplanetary Optical Navigation by Qichang Qiang, Baojun Lin, Yingchun Liu, Xia Lin

“…Then, we establish a rough estimation with RANSAC to remove the outliers around the edges. …”
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Nonlinear Compound Function-Based Course-Keeping Control for Ships in Rough Seas by Guoshuai Li, Shimiao Wang, Xianku Zhang, Wenjun Zhang, Zhenhuan Zhang

“…To ensure the safe navigation of ships in rough seas while reducing steering gear energy consumption and losses, a steering control system with small rudder output angles, low steering frequency, and high control performance was designed. …”
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Modelling Enterprise’s Coordinated Development Strategy with a Soft Fuzzy Rough Set by Tongtong Wang, Jianing Cui

“…Furthermore, we use training methods and soft fuzzy rough sets’ learning algorithm to calculate, and the evaluating indicator rough set is constructed with a three-tier model structure. …”
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Modeling with graded interfaces: Tool for understanding and designing record-high power and efficiency mid-infrared quantum cascade lasers by Suri Suraj, Knipfer Benjamin B., Grange Thomas, Gao Huilong, Kirch Jeremy D., Mawst Luke J., Marsland Robert A., Botez Dan

Subjects: “…interface-roughness scattering…”
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Effect of Surface Roughness on the Friction Moment in a Lubricated Deep Groove Ball Bearing by Harsh Kumar, Vaibhav Gupta, Velamala Bharath, Mayank Tiwari, Surajit Kumar Paul, Lokesh Agrawal, Arendra Pal Singh, Ayush Jain

“…The friction torque in DGBBs is influenced by factors such as load, speed, surface roughness, and lubricant viscosity, making the precise understanding of these elements essential for optimizing system efficiency. …”
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A novel simultaneous monitoring method for surface roughness and tool wear in milling process by Ruilin Liu, Wenwen Tian

“…In the cutting process, tool wear is directly related to the dynamic change of the surface roughness and the machining efficiency. To enhance data utilization and reduce computational costs, this paper develops a novel two-task simultaneous monitoring method for surface roughness and tool wear. …”
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Combined Effects of Surface Roughness, Solubility Parameters, and Hydrophilicity on Biofouling of Reverse Osmosis Membranes by Neveen AlQasas, Daniel Johnson

“…The results showed that the surface roughness and the HSP distance contributed to membrane fouling more than the hydrophilicity. …”
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Analysis of surface roughness and machining performance of AZ91 magnesium alloy cut by WEDM by Levent Urtekin, Faik Yılan, İbrahim Baki Şahin, Kadir Gök

“…In summary, understanding how WEDM parameters affect MRR and SR allows manufacturers to achieve efficient material removal and desired surface quality. …”
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Mechanisms of Proppant Transport in Rough Fractures of Offshore Unconventional Reservoirs: Shale and Tight Sandstone by Biao Yin, Yishan Lou, Shanyong Liu, Peng Xu

“…A <i>d</i>/<i>w</i> of 0.4 is recommended to guarantee transport capacity and proppant efficiency near the well. Additionally, proppants injected sequentially from small to large in shale fractures offer optimal propping effects, and can take advantage of the better transport capacity of smaller proppants in rough fractures. …”
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Surface roughness rolling-transfer regularity and prediction model of high strength steel strips by ZHANG Qing-dong, ZHANG Bo-yang, MA Lei, LI Rui, ZHANG Yong

“…These models can be used to predict the surface roughness of high strength steel strips during industrial production,help to order the cold rolling sequence and make a rolling plan more efficiently,and determine the roll replacing time.…”
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Optimum System Design Using Rough Interval Multi-Objective De Novo Programming by Iftikhar Hussein, Hegazy Zaher, Naglaa Ragaa Saeid, Hebaa Sayed Roshdy

“…This paper suggested a new approach for solving uncertainty of De novo programming problems (DNP) using a combination model consisting of a rough interval multi-objective programming (RIMOP) and DNP, where coefficients of decision variables of objective functions and constraints are rough intervals (RIC). …”
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Numerical studies on thermo-hydraulic performance of solar air heater with quarter circle roughness ribs by Yaregal Eneyew Bizuneh, Tazebew Dires Kassie, Atalay Enyew Bizuneh

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Simulation of Natural Gas Pipeline Networks Based on Roughness Optimization Algorithm and Global Mesh Refinement by Yi Yang

“…This paper proposes a new numerical simulation method for natural gas pipeline systems based on roughness optimization and global mesh refinement. …”
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Application of Hierarchical Two-Level Spectral Preconditioning Method for Electromagnetic Scattering from the Rough Surface by D. Z. Ding, G. M. Li, Y. Y. An, R. S. Chen

“…The higher-order hierarchical Legendre basis functions combining the electrical field integral equations (EFIE) are developed to solve the scattering problems from the rough surface. The hierarchical two-level spectral preconditioning method is developed for the generalized minimal residual iterative method (GMRES). …”
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Integrating rough set theory and fuzzy association rule mining for product kansei knowledge analysis by Shuyao LI

“…The main purpose of this study is to analyze products’ Kansei knowledge by combining rough set theory (RST) and fuzzy association rule mining (FARM), thus providing decision support for NPD. …”
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Rough Set Theory and Soft Computing Methods for Building Explainable and Interpretable AI/ML Models by Sami Naouali, Oussama El Othmani

“…This study introduces a novel framework leveraging Rough Set Theory (RST)-based feature selection—MLReduct, MLSpecialReduct, and MLFuzzyRoughSet—to enhance machine learning performance on uncertain data. …”
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Optimization of Surface Roughness of AISI 1040 Stainless Steel in Milling Process Using Taguchi Method by Neslihan Özsoy, Murat Özsoy

“…Surfaceroughness significantly affects the work efficiency and life of machine partsinteracting with each other. …”
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Turbulent Heat Transfer over roughness: a comprehensive review of theories and turbulent flow structure by Mohammadreza Kadivar, Himani Garg

“…Existing models and scaling laws for heat transfer are critically evaluated, with attention to their applicability across different roughness types and flow conditions. The review also examines the analogy between heat and momentum transfer, the impact of roughness on thermal efficiency, and higher-order turbulent statistics. …”
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Numerical investigation of thermal performances of hybrid nanofluids in solar collectors implementing polygonal rough surfaces by B. Varun Kumar, P. Rajesh Kanna, R․H․B․ Ramamurthy, Dhinesh Balasubramanian, Utku Kale, Artūras Kilikevičius

“…Hybrid nanofluids with forward-faced polygonal rough surfaces significantly enhance thermal efficiency, validated by selecting the RNG k-e turbulence model were compared with the Gnielinski equation for smooth surfaces. …”
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