N-alkyl and N-benzyl indoles are anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents and nsp13 inhibitors by Aurora Albano, Roberta Emmolo, Riccardo De Santis, Elisa Patacchini, Valentina Noemi Madia, Stefania Maloccu, Davide Ialongo, Giuseppe Ruggieri, Merve Arpacioglu, Luigi Scipione, Francesco Saccoliti, Donatella Amatore, Giorgia Grilli, Florigio Lista, Francesca Esposito, Enzo Tramontano, Angela Corona, Roberto Di Santo, Roberta Costi

“…Among potential drug targets, the SARS-CoV-2 nsp13 is highly attractive thanks to its pivotal role in viral replication. Pursuing our studies on the development of nsp13 inhibitors, in this work we describe the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel inhibitors targeting SARS-CoV-2 nsp13. …”
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Metabolic modeling elucidates phenformin and atpenin A5 as broad-spectrum antiviral drugs against RNA viruses by Alina Renz, Mirjam Hohner, Raphaël Jami, Maximilian Breitenbach, Jonathan Josephs-Spaulding, Johanna Dürrwald, Lena Best, Victoria Dulière, Chloé Mialon, Stefanie M. Bader, Georgios Marinos, Nantia Leonidou, Filipe Cabreiro, Marc Pellegrini, Marcel Doerflinger, Manuel Rosa-Calatrava, Andrés Pizzorno, Andreas Dräger, Michael Schindler, Christoph Kaleta

“…In vivo, phenformin showed antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 in a Syrian hamster model. Our work establishes host metabolism as druggable for broad-spectrum antiviral strategies, providing invaluable tools for pandemic preparedness.…”
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Single-cell analysis of mature hepatocytes reveals an IRF1-driven restriction of HDV infection by Frauke Lange, Jonathan Garn, Matthias Bruhn, Thomas Pietschmann, Arnaud Carpentier

“…Importantly, HLCs support limited HDV replication, at a significantly lower level than hepatoma cell lines. …”
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The nuclear localization signal of monkeypox virus protein P2 orthologue is critical for inhibition of IRF3-mediated innate immunity by Pengtao Jiao, Jianing Ma, Yuna Zhao, Xiaoxiao Jia, Haoran Zhang, Wenhui Fan, Xiaojuan Jia, Xiaoyuan Bai, Yiqi Zhao, Yongxu Lu, He Zhang, Jiayin Guo, Gang Pang, Ke Zhang, Min Fang, Minghua Li, Wenjun Liu, Geoffrey L. Smith, Lei Sun

“…A number of Bcl-2-like proteins of VACV are involved in escaping the host innate immunity. However, little work has been devoted to the evolution and function of their orthologues in other OPXVs. …”
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Targeting cytokine signaling in mice infected with bunyaviruses provides protection from severe disease and death by Dr Joseph Golden, Dr. Xiankun Zeng, LTC Curtis Cline, Dr. Charles Shoemaker, Dr. Jun Liu, Mr. Collin Fitzpatrick, Dr Christopher Stefan, Dr. Aura Garrison, Dr. Brian Carey

“…We also found that a strain of CCHFV that does not cause lethal disease in mice does not induce as potent of an inflammatory cytokine response compared to lethal strains, despite similar levels of replication. This work highlights the host inflammatory pathway induced by viral infection as a component of the pathological process and should be consider important targets for medical intervention. …”
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Characterizing the regulatory effects of H2A.Z and SWR1-C on gene expression during hydroxyurea exposure in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. by Hilary T Brewis, Peter C Stirling, Michael S Kobor

“…However, given that growth defects of htz1Δ mutants are alleviated by simultaneous deletion of SWR1-C subunits, previous work examining the role of H2A.Z in gene expression regulation may be confounded by deleterious activity caused by SWR1-C when missing its H2A.Z substrate (apo-SWR1-C). …”
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Seoul orthohantavirus evades innate immune activation by reservoir endothelial cells. by Stefan D Klimaj, Autumn LaPointe, Kimberly Martinez, Eduardo Hernandez Acosta, Alison M Kell

“…With no approved therapeutics or vaccines, research has, until recently, focused on understanding the drivers of immune-mediated pathogenesis. An emerging body of work is now investigating the mechanisms that allow for asymptomatic, persistent infections of mammalian reservoir hosts with highly pathogenic RNA viruses. …”
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Organizational Support as Perceived by Staff Nurses and Its Relation to Their Autonomy by Ehsan S. S. Saad, Samah M. Elsayed

“…When staff nurses perceive organizational support, this can promote their sense of well-being, raise positive work behaviors and enhance their autonomy in patient care and unit operational decisions through having the right to make decisions and do their best to increases productivity and achieve organizational goals. …”
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PolyICLC Exerts Pro- and Anti-HIV Effects on the DC-T Cell Milieu In Vitro and In Vivo. by Meropi Aravantinou, Ines Frank, Magnus Hallor, Rachel Singer, Hugo Tharinger, Jessica Kenney, Agegnehu Gettie, Brooke Grasperge, James Blanchard, Andres Salazar, Michael Piatak, Jeffrey D Lifson, Melissa Robbiani, Nina Derby

“…Using the monocyte-derived DC (moDC) model, we sought to describe how PICLC (vs. other dsRNAs) impacts HIV infection within DCs and DC-T cell mixtures. We extended this work to in vivo macaque rectal transmission studies by administering PICLC with or before rectal SIVmac239 (SIVwt) or SIVmac239ΔNef (SIVΔNef) challenge. …”
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Current Developments in Dementia Risk Prediction Modelling: An Updated Systematic Review. by Eugene Y H Tang, Stephanie L Harrison, Linda Errington, Mark F Gordon, Pieter Jelle Visser, Gerald Novak, Carole Dufouil, Carol Brayne, Louise Robinson, Lenore J Launer, Blossom C M Stephan

“…Further work is required to validate existing models or develop new ones in different populations as well as determine the ethical implications of dementia risk prediction, before applying the particular models in population or clinical settings.…”
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Evaluating the effect of an individualised reward-related impulsivity induction on ad libitum alcohol consumption: A pilot study by Hannah J. Lindsay, Daniel Stjepanović, Matthew J. Gullo

“…Little evidence exists on the causal mechanisms, but emerging experimental evidence suggests a role for reward-related impulsivity. Recent work experimentally increased reward-related impulsivity to increase drinking using standardised reward-cue stimuli. …”
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Identification of host-targeted small molecules that restrict intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis growth. by Sarah A Stanley, Amy K Barczak, Melanie R Silvis, Samantha S Luo, Kimberly Sogi, Martha Vokes, Mark-Anthony Bray, Anne E Carpenter, Christopher B Moore, Noman Siddiqi, Eric J Rubin, Deborah T Hung

“…Macrophages are the host cell for M. tuberculosis infection, and although bacteria are able to replicate intracellularly under certain conditions, it is also clear that macrophages are capable of killing M. tuberculosis if appropriately activated. …”
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Dynamics and Simulations of Impulsive Population Models Involving Integrated Mosquito Control Strategies and Fractional Derivatives for Dengue Control by Xianghong Zhang, Hua He, Kaifa Wang, Huaiping Zhu

“…<i>Wolbachia</i> not only manipulates the reproductive processes of mosquitoes through maternal inheritance and cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) but also restrain the replication of dengue viruses within mosquitoes, becoming a novel approach for biologically combating dengue fever. …”
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ACTUAL ISSUES IN HIV INFECTION AND PREVENTION OF PERINATAL HIV TRANSMISSION IN THE SOUTH OF RUSSIA by A. N. Matuzkova, A. G. Suladze, A. A. Ryndich, T. I. Tverdokhlebova

“…The common methods of variation statistics were used in the work to analyze the data from the reporting forms of monitoring by Rospotrebnadzor «Imformation on measures for the prevention of HIV infection, hepatitis B and C, detection and treatment of HIV patients» and federal reporting forms N 61 «Information on contingents of patients with a disease caused by a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)» for 2016 and 2017, presented by the territorial Centers for Prevention and Control of AIDS of 15 RF subjects of the Southern Federal District and the North Caucasus Federal District.Results. …”
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IFN alpha inducible protein 27 (IFI27) acts as a positive regulator of PACT-dependent PKR activation after RNA virus infections. by Darío López-García, Vanessa Rivero, Laura Villamayor, Marta L DeDiego

“…This function may lead to different effects such as to impairing the replication of RNA viruses by inhibiting viral protein translation, and to modulating the innate immune responses after viral infections by affecting the translation of effector proteins. …”
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Gene-based sequencing identifies lipid-influencing variants with ethnicity-specific effects in African Americans. by Amy R Bentley, Guanjie Chen, Daniel Shriner, Ayo P Doumatey, Jie Zhou, Hanxia Huang, James C Mullikin, Robert W Blakesley, Nancy F Hansen, Gerard G Bouffard, Praveen F Cherukuri, Baishali Maskeri, Alice C Young, Adebowale Adeyemo, Charles N Rotimi

“…Although a considerable proportion of serum lipids loci identified in European ancestry individuals (EA) replicate in African Americans (AA), interethnic differences in the distribution of serum lipids suggest that some genetic determinants differ by ethnicity. …”
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Trans-complementation of an NS2 defect in a late step in hepatitis C virus (HCV) particle assembly and maturation. by MinKyung Yi, Yinghong Ma, Jeremy Yates, Stanley M Lemon

“…This mutation did not alter polyprotein processing or genome replication. This defect in virus production could be rescued by expression of wt NS2 in trans from an alphavirus replicon. …”
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Immune-Boosting and Antiviral Effects of Antioxidants in COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Therapeutic Perspective by Stefano Sanduzzi Zamparelli, Alessandro Sanduzzi Zamparelli, Marialuisa Bocchino

“…Furthermore, these molecules may mitigate the symptoms of COVID-19 by exerting direct antiviral effects that inhibit the infection process and genomic replication of SARS-CoV-2 in host cells. Moreover, antioxidants may work synergistically with standard antiviral treatments to reduce viral-induced oxidative damage. …”
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Computational Approaches to Predict Hepatitis B Virus Capsid Protein Mutations That Confer Resistance to Capsid Assembly Modulators by Gideon Tolufashe, Usha Viswanathan, John Kulp, Ju-Tao Guo

“…CAMs inhibit hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication by binding to a hydrophobic pocket, i.e., HAP pocket, between HBV capsid protein (Cp) dimer–dimer interfaces to misdirect its assembly into empty capsids or aberrant structures and designated as CAM-E and CAM-A, respectively. …”
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Variant Discovery and Fine Mapping of Genetic Loci Associated with Blood Pressure Traits in Hispanics and African Americans. by Nora Franceschini, Cara L Carty, Yingchang Lu, Ran Tao, Yun Ju Sung, Ani Manichaikul, Jeff Haessler, Myriam Fornage, Karen Schwander, Niha Zubair, Stephanie Bien, Lucia A Hindorff, Xiuqing Guo, Suzette J Bielinski, Georg Ehret, Joel D Kaufman, Stephen S Rich, Christopher S Carlson, Erwin P Bottinger, Kari E North, D C Rao, Aravinda Chakravarti, Paula Q Barrett, Ruth J F Loos, Steven Buyske, Charles Kooperberg

“…Our identification and independent replication of variants in KCNK3, a gene implicated in primary hyperaldosteronism, as well as a variant in HOTTIP (HOXA-EVX1) suggest that further work to clarify the roles of these genes may be warranted. …”
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