Regioselective Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution: Theoretical and Experimental Insights into 4-Aminoquinazoline Synthesis as a Privileged Structure in Medicinal Chemistry by Maria Letícia de Castro Barbosa, Pedro de Sena Murteira Pinheiro, Raissa Alves da Conceição, José Ricardo Pires, Lucas Silva Franco, Carlos Mauricio R. Sant’Anna, Eliezer J. Barreiro, Lídia Moreira Lima

“…To provide guidance for the structural confirmation of 4-amino-substituted product formation when multiple regioisomers are possible, we employed 2D-NMR methods to verify the 4-position substitution pattern in synthesized bioactive 2-chloro-4-aminoquinazolines. …”
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Polarization Reconfigurable, Single-Layer, 2-D, Monopulse Array Antenna With Compact Comparator Circuit by Noman Ahmad, Muhammad Waseem, Nosherwan Shoaib, Haq Nawaz, Sultan Shoaib, Khaled A. Aljaloud, Rifaqat Hussain, Symeon Nikolaou

“…This antenna exhibits the sum (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Sigma $ </tex-math></inline-formula>) pattern with dual (linear, slant and circular) polarization whereas the difference (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Delta $ </tex-math></inline-formula>) patterns exhibit dual-linear polarization, without compromising the radiation performance and electrical size. …”
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The effect of different water types commonly applied during laser diffraction measurement on the particle size distribution of soils by Viktória Labancz, Hilda Hernádi, Gyöngyi Barna, Zsófia Bakacsi, Tamás Szegi, Mihály Kocsis, András Makó

“…It is expected in the future that soil particle size distribution (PSD) measurements by laser diffraction method (LDM) may replace sieve-pipette sedimentation methods (SPM) as they are faster, require less sample, and are accurate and reproducible. …”
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Electrophysiological characterisation of intranigral-grafted hiPSC-derived dopaminergic neurons in a mouse model of Parkinson’s disease by Bérengère Ballion, Marie-Laure Bonnet, Sébastien Brot, Afsaneh Gaillard

“…Cell therapy for PD aims to replace lost mDA neurons to restore the DA neurotransmission in the denervated forebrain targets. …”
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Comparison of IMU-Based Knee Kinematics with and without Harness Fixation against an Optical Marker-Based System by Jana G. Weber, Ariana Ortigas-Vásquez, Adrian Sauer, Ingrid Dupraz, Michael Utz, Allan Maas, Thomas M. Grupp

“…Our study proposes that optical systems can be successfully replaced by more cost-effective IMUs with similar accuracy, but further investigation (especially in vivo and upon heel strike) against moving videofluoroscopy is recommended.…”
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Nestin down-regulation of cortical radial glia is delayed in rats submitted to recurrent status epilepticus during early postnatal life Atraso no desaparecimento da nestina na glia... by Carla Alessandra Scorza, Ricardo Mario Arida, Fulvio Alexandre Scorza, Esper Abrão Cavalheiro, Maria da Graça Naffah-Mazzacoratti

“…OBJECTIVE: Nestin is temporarily expressed in several tissues during development and it is replaced by other protein types during cell differentiation process. …”
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Electrothermal Modeling of Photovoltaic Modules for the Detection of Hot-Spots Caused by Soiling by Peter Winkel, Jakob Smretschnig, Stefan Wilbert, Marc Röger, Florian Sutter, Niklas Blum, José Antonio Carballo, Aránzazu Fernandez, Maria del Carmen Alonso-García, Jesus Polo, Robert Pitz-Paal

“…Furthermore, the model is capable of predicting which soiling pattern can cause critical hot-spots.…”
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Ecological consequences of urbanization in Afrotropical bird communities: present and future prospects by Bello A. Danmallam, Bello A. Danmallam, Peggy M. Ngila, Peggy M. Ngila, Iniunam A. Iniunam, Iniunam A. Iniunam, Anthony Kuria, Talatu Tende, Samuel Ngugi, Peter Njoroge, Colin Jackson, Basil Okoth, Ulf Ottosson, Adams A. Chaskda, Rosie Trevelyan

“…Geospatial data, including the Global Human Settlement Layer and Human Modification Index (HMI), along with the probability of urban expansion up to 2030, were integrated to examine the impact of urbanization using Bayesian models.ResultsOur findings reveal a marked decline in taxonomic richness, diversity, and functional richness associated with increasing urbanization and human modification, with a similar pattern observed along the gradient from mostly uninhabited areas to cities. …”
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Study of hyperfine interactions in spinel cobalt ferrite CoFe2O4 doped with Hf, Lu, and Yb using Mössbauer spectroscopy and perturbed γ-γ angular correlation by Viktor M. Vakhtel, Atanas I. Velichkov, Dimitar V. Karaivanov, Maria M. Milanova, Yuri G. Segal, Nargiza Temerbulatova, Dmitry V. Filosofov, Martin P. Tsvetkov

“…According to the MS data, Hf and Lu do not lead to significant changes in the HFI parameters in the tetrahedral sites (“Sextet 1”), but have a significantly different effect on the same parameters in the octahedral sites (“Sextet 2”). A similar pattern was observed using the PAC method: replacing Hf with Lu did not reveal any changes in the HFI parameters in one of the sites (the octahedral site), but indicated a significant change in the other site …”
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Invited review: Improved control of Johne's disease in dairy cattle through advancements in diagnostics, testing, and management of young stock by Larissa Martins, Karin Orsel, Razieh Eshraghisamani, Jose Miguel Hernández-Agudelo, A. Caroline Pereira, Waseem Shaukat, Ad P. Koets, John P. Bannantine, Caroline Ritter, David F. Kelton, Richard J. Whittington, Maarten F. Weber, Antonio Facciuolo, Navneet K. Dhand, Karsten Donat, Susanne Eisenberg, Miguel A. Salgado, John P. Kastelic, Jeroen De Buck, Herman W. Barkema

“…New diagnostics have been developed, including phage-based tests to detect viable MAP, as well as gene expression patterns and metabolomics to detect MAP-infected young stock. …”
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SUBSET OF NANDA-I NURSING DIAGNOSES FOR INTENSIVE CARE: DELPHI TECHNIQUE AND FOCUS GROUP by Mirko Masciullo, Flavio Marti, Antonello Cocchieri, Lucia Mitello, Andrea Fidanza, Anna Rita Marucci

“…Some diagnoses, including "Compromised mobility in bed" and "Disturbed sleep pattern," were less commonly used in other ICUs, but were considered highly relevant by Delphi participants. …”
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Sequence and protein three-dimensional structure analysis of a novel inter-allelic recombination allele B*35∶186 of HLA-B locus by ZHANG Xu, LIN Fengqiu, LI Xiaofeng, LI Jianping

“…[Results] HLA typing indicated the PCR-SSOP pattern did not match with any known HLA-B alleles, suspected to be a new HLA allele. …”
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Research and Optimization of White Blood Cell Classification Methods Based on Deep Learning and Fourier Ptychographic Microscopy by Mingjing Li, Junshuai Wang, Shu Fang, Le Yang, Xinyang Liu, Haijiao Yun, Xiaoli Wang, Qingyu Du, Ziqing Han

“…The proposed method introduces four key innovations to enhance detection accuracy and model efficiency: (1) A novel Conv2Former (Convolutional Transformer) backbone was designed to combine the local pattern extraction capability of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with the global contextual reasoning of transformers, thereby improving the expressiveness of feature representation. (2) The CARAFE (Content-Aware ReAssembly of Features) upsampling operator was adopted to replace conventional interpolation methods, thereby enhancing the spatial resolution and semantic richness of feature maps. (3) An Efficient Multi-scale Attention (EMA) module was introduced to refine multi-scale feature fusion, enabling the model to better focus on spatially relevant features critical for WBC classification. (4) Soft-NMS (Soft Non-Maximum Suppression) was used instead of traditional NMS to better preserve true positives in densely packed or overlapping cell scenarios, thereby reducing false positives and false negatives. …”
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Synergistic effect of mulch and nitrogen management on growth and essential oil yield of Salvia sclarea L. by Diksha Dhiman, Sakshi Vishvamitera, Sidharth Baghla, Sanatsujat Singh, Dinesh Kumar, Ashok Kumar, Ramesh Chauhan

“…The heat map displayed an inconsistent pattern of the treatment combination’s impact on EO components. …”
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Similarity Criterion Based on the Analytical Solution of Heat Conduction Equation in Frozen Soil by BO Yin, WANG Cong, FENG Yan-fang, ZHANG Bin, ZHANG Ying, GUO Xiao-gang, YAO Jin-song, WEI Lai, CHEN Rong, XU Chen

“…[Objective] The evolution pattern of temperature field in frozen walls serves as a key factor in optimizing design schemes during artificial ground freezing. …”
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基于IMU信号的人工智能上肢多关节运动状态识别系统构建——卒中后人工智能运动功能评估与检测系统建设前导研究 Construction of an Artificial Intelligence Upper Limb Multi-Joint Motion State Recognition System Based on IMU Signals—A Pre... by 程相鑫1，张烁1，杜松骏1，刘子阳1，周宏宇2，3，贾伟丽2，3，李子孝2，3，刘涛1 (CHENG Xiangxin1, ZHANG Shuo1, DU Songjun1, LIU Ziyang1, ZHOU Hongyu2,3, JIA Weili2,3, LI Zixiao2,3, LIU Tao1 )

“…The results showed that deep learning algorithms were superior to traditional machine learning in decoding complex motion patterns, and a single-wrist IMU could replace the dual-sensor configuration in specific tasks, providing a basis for hardware optimization. …”
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Large surgically resected leiomyosarcoma of the liver: a case report by Takashi Maeda, Kyohei Yugawa, Nao Kinjo, Daisuke Imai, Kensaku Sanefuji, Koto Kawata, Shinichiro Ikeda, Keitaro Edahiro, Kazuki Takeishi, Tomohiro Iguchi, Noboru Harada, Mizuki Ninomiya, Shohei Yamaguchi, Kozo Konishi, Shinichi Tsutsui, Hiroyuki Matsuda

“…Macroscopically, the lateral segment of the liver had been replaced by a lobular or multinodular tumor with a maximum diameter of 15 cm. …”
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Spatiotemporal Analysis of Drought Variation from 2001 to 2023 in the China–Mongolia–Russia Transboundary Heilongjiang River Basin Based on ITVDI by Weihao Zou, Juanle Wang, Congrong Li, Keming Yang, Denis Fetisov, Jiawei Jiang, Meng Liu, Yaping Liu

“…A trend analysis indicated a general pattern of drought alleviation in western regions and intensification in eastern areas. …”
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Retinal Vessel Diameter Reductions Are Associated with Retinal Ganglion Cell Dysfunction, Thinning of the Ganglion Cell and Inner Plexiform Layers, and Decreased Visual Field Globa... by Andrew Tirsi, Nicholas Leung, Rohun Gupta, Sungmin Hong, Derek Orshan, Joby Tsai, Corey Ross Lacher, Isabella Tello, Samuel Potash, Timothy Foster, Rushil Kumbhani, Celso Tello

“…An identical regression analysis where the RVD was replaced with the PERG parameters showed a significant association between the MagD and almost all GCI-IPLT measurements. …”
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Hemodialysis Procedure–Associated Autonomic Imbalance and Cardiac Arrhythmias: Insights From Continuous 14‐Day ECG Monitoring by Nichole M. Rogovoy, Stacey J. Howell, Tiffany L. Lee, Christopher Hamilton, Erick A. Perez‐Alday, Muammar M. Kabir, Yanwei Zhang, Esther D. Kim, Jessica Fitzpatrick, Jose M. Monroy‐Trujillo, Michelle M. Estrella, Stephen M. Sozio, Bernard G. Jaar, Rulan S. Parekh, Larisa G. Tereshchenko

“…During every‐other‐day dialysis, root mean square of the successive normal‐to‐normal intervals had a significant circadian pattern (Mesor 10.6 [ 95% CI 0.9–11.2] ms; amplitude 1.5 [95% CI 1.0–3.1] ms; peak at 02:01 [95% CI 20:22–03:16] am; P<0.0001), which was replaced by a steady worsening on the second day without dialysis (root mean square of the successive normal‐to‐normal intervals −1.41 [95% CI −1.67 to −1.15] ms/24 h; P<0.0001). …”
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