Adaptive overcurrent protection considering fault current limiters effect by R. A. Mahmoud, K. G. Ghaly, S. A. Hasan

“…As a consequence, it is able to detect fault instances upon which the relay sends a tripping flag, yet remains inactive under normal operating conditions. …”
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UHVDC Transmission Line Fault Identification Method Based on Generalized Regression Neural Network by XIE Jia, LIU Feng, KE Yanguo, YIN Zhen, RUAN Wei, YAO Jinming

“…Finally, the ultra-high voltage direct current transmission model built in the PSCAD/ EMTDC simulation environment is validated, and the validation results showed that the proposed method has good performance in fault detection and fault pole selection of ultra-high voltage direct current transmission line relay protection. …”
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Incremental cooperative spectrum sensing algorithm with n-out-of-K fusion rule by Xiao-ge ZHANG, Shi-bing ZHANG, Gong-an QIU

“…The algorithm divided the total relays into two subsections.The front subsection included N number of relays,and the later one included K−N number of relays.Firstly,the front N relays sensed the spectrum.If no more than m_L number of relays had detected the existing of the primary user,the global detection was that the spectrum holes existed.If more than m_H number of relays had detected the existing of the primary user,the global detection was that no spectrum holes existed.Otherwise,the later K−N number of relays continued to sense the spectrum.The global detection was that the spectrum holes existed only when there were totally over n number of relays having detected the existing of the primary user in the two sensing stages.The object function was built for minimizing the time-slot consumption by adjusting the parameters m_L,m_H and N with the limit of detection probability and false probability.Simulation results show that the proposed incremental cooperative spectrum sensing algorithm has much lower time-slot consumption than the traditional one by properly setting the parameters with high sensing performance kept.…”
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Pedestrian Re-Recognition Algorithm Based on Optimization Deep Learning-Sequence Memory Model by Feng-Ping An

“…Pedestrian re-recognition is an important research because it affects applications such as intelligent monitoring, content-based video retrieval, and human-computer interaction. It can help relay tracking and criminal suspect detection in large-scale video surveillance systems. …”
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An Energy-Efficient Routing Algorithm for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks Inspired by Ultrasonic Frogs by Ming Xu, Guangzhong Liu, Huafeng Wu

“…In UFCA, the process of selecting relay nodes to forward the data packet is similar to that of calling behavior of ultrasonic frog for mating. …”
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Enhancing Speed of Distance Protection for Internal Faults in the Second Zone through an Innovative Protection Algorithm by Sabah Daniar, Mojtaba Shiroei, Amirhossein Khosravi Sarvenoee

“…This is achieved by detecting the remote circuit breaker operation (RCBO). …”
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Covariance Blind Detection Method Based on Eigenvector in Cognitive Radio Network by Yingxue Li, Jing Lei, Shiyuan Zhong, Chunming Huang, Chao Huang

“…As the blind detection algorithm has the shortcoming that they need information about the channel and more than two cognitive users to detect the primary user,a new blind detection algorithm based on eigenvector using the difference of correlation between the primary user signal and noise signal covariance matrix was presented,and a closed expression was derived for the probability of false alarm and threshold.The proposed method overcomes the noise uncertainty problem only with two cognitive relays and performs well without information about the channel,primary user and noise.Numerical simulations show that the new detector performs better than other detectors.…”
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Covariance Blind Detection Method Based on Eigenvector in Cognitive Radio Network by Yingxue Li, Jing Lei, Shiyuan Zhong, Chunming Huang, Chao Huang

“…As the blind detection algorithm has the shortcoming that they need information about the channel and more than two cognitive users to detect the primary user,a new blind detection algorithm based on eigenvector using the difference of correlation between the primary user signal and noise signal covariance matrix was presented,and a closed expression was derived for the probability of false alarm and threshold.The proposed method overcomes the noise uncertainty problem only with two cognitive relays and performs well without information about the channel,primary user and noise.Numerical simulations show that the new detector performs better than other detectors.…”
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Fault Detection and Protection Strategy for Multi-Terminal HVDC Grids Using Wavelet Analysis by Jashandeep Kaur, Manilka Jayasooriya, Muhammad Naveed Iqbal, Kamran Daniel, Noman Shabbir, Kristjan Peterson

“…Results demonstrate the algorithm’s effectiveness in detecting faults rapidly and accurately. …”
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Current Measurement and Fault Detection Based on the Non-Invasive Smart Internet of Things Technique by Abhrodeep Chanda, Abhishek Gudipalli

“…It is smart in that no hard coding is required to send credentials across routers, and fault signals are detected and relayed in accordance with an algorithm. …”
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Out-of-step detection for synchronous generators using electrical power analysis and Durbin Watson testing by R. A. Mahmoud, E. S. Elwakil

“…In this research, the computational techniques serve as a proper foundation of intelligent relay to anticipate and detect the generator Out-of-Step (OOS) situation following the fault presence. …”
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An Anti-Interrupted-Sampling Repeater Jamming Method Based on Simulated Annealing–2-Optimization Parallel Optimization of Waveforms and Fractional Domain Extraction by Ziming Yin, Pengcheng Guo, Yunyu Wei, Sizhe Gao, Jingjing Wang, Anxiang Xue, Kuo Wang

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Performance Evaluation of a Novel Sequence-Based Directional Detection Strategy for Protection of Active Distribution Networks by Kwasi Opoku, Aleksandar Dimitrovski, Maximiliano Ferrari

“…The paper also presents a real-time co-simulation platform between a simulated distribution system and physical protection relay, using OPAL-RT. An SEL-411L relay is used to program the detection algorithm. …”
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A Novel Long Short-Term Memory-Based Approach for Microgrid Fault Detection and Classification Using the Wavelet Scattering Transform by Naema M. Mansour, Abdelazeem A. Abdelsalam, Ibrahim A. Awaad

“…During islanded operation, a common mode in microgrids, fault currents are often reduced, making fault detection and isolation even more difficult. These limitations underscore the urgent need for intelligent, adaptive, and fast-responding fault detection and classification algorithms tailored specifically to the nature of microgrids. …”
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Research on cognitive user pairing and cooperative sensing by Zhi-hua BAO, Shi-bing ZHANG, Xiao-ge ZHANG, Gong-an QIU

“…Aim at the shortages of the cooperative algorithm in sensing and time slot spent,an optimal cognitive users pairing and cooperative sensing algorithm was proposed.To achieve the best sensing performance,the pairing criterion was adopted where the one with the best receive SNR was used for the sense user and the one with the second-best receive SNR was used for the relay.According to optimizing cooperation threshold,non-cooperative or cooperative mode was selected,which made time slot spent much lower but sensing ability slight decreasing.Meanwhile,a lower bound of the detection probability and the time slot spent were derived in Rayleigh flat fading channels.Numerical results show the proposed algorithm has higher detection probability and lower time slot spent than the existing one.…”
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Research on cognitive user pairing and cooperative sensing by Zhi-hua BAO, Shi-bing ZHANG, Xiao-ge ZHANG, Gong-an QIU

“…Aim at the shortages of the cooperative algorithm in sensing and time slot spent,an optimal cognitive users pairing and cooperative sensing algorithm was proposed.To achieve the best sensing performance,the pairing criterion was adopted where the one with the best receive SNR was used for the sense user and the one with the second-best receive SNR was used for the relay.According to optimizing cooperation threshold,non-cooperative or cooperative mode was selected,which made time slot spent much lower but sensing ability slight decreasing.Meanwhile,a lower bound of the detection probability and the time slot spent were derived in Rayleigh flat fading channels.Numerical results show the proposed algorithm has higher detection probability and lower time slot spent than the existing one.…”
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High‐Impedance Fault Detection in Distribution Networks Based on Support Vector Machine and Wavelet Transform Approach (Case Study: Markazi Province of Iran) by Mohammad Sadegh Attar, Mohammad Reza Miveh

“…This paper employs a support vector machine (SVM) classification algorithm that demonstrates reliable accuracy and discrete wavelet transform (DWT) in HIF detection. …”
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Enhanced Fault Localization in Multi-Terminal HVDC Systems Using Improved Gaussian Process Regression by Abha Pragati, Manohar Mishra, Pritam Bhowmik, Josep M. Guerrero, Debadatta Amaresh Gadanayak

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Research on machine vision online monitoring system for egg production and quality in cage environment by Zhenlong Wu, Hengyuan Zhang, Cheng Fang

“…To diverse operational needs, two distinct post-processing algorithms were developed: one for counting eggs and detecting abnormalities during robotic patrols, and another for assessing egg quality through fixed video streams, which measured crucial parameters such as egg dimensions and shape indexes. …”
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Precoding Method Interference Management for Quasi-EVD Channel by Wei Duan, Wei Song, Sang Seob Song, Moon Ho Lee

“…Also, in our proposed CD-BD IA algorithm, the relaying function is made use to restructure the quasieigenvalue decomposition (quasi-EVD) equivalent channel. …”
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