Prolonged effect of antibiotic therapy on the gut microbiota composition, functionality, and antibiotic resistance genes’ profiles in healthy stool donors by Ramin Karimianghadim, Reetta Satokari, Sam Yeo, Perttu Arkkila, Dina Kao, Sepideh Pakpour

“…Using longitudinal stool sampling, metagenomic sequencing, and qPCR, we assessed changes in bacterial diversity, community composition, microbial functions, the gut phageome, and the risk of transmitting antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs).ResultsAntibiotics caused lasting disruption to bacterial communities, significantly reducing important taxa like Bifidobacterium bifidum, Blautia wexlerae, Akkermansia muciniphila, Eubacterium sp. …”
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Industrial production and functional profiling of probiotic Pediococcus acidilactici 72 N for potential use as a swine feed additive by Nay Zin Myo, Ratchnida Kamwa, Benjamas Khurajog, Pawiya Pupa, Wandee Sirichokchatchawan, David J. Hampson, Nuvee Prapasarakul

“…Abstract This study aimed to achieve industrial-scale production of the Thai native swine-derived probiotic strain Pediococcus acidilactici 72 N (P72N) using a cost-effective, food-grade modified medium, and to assess the efficacy of this medium by evaluating the probiotic’s functional characteristics and metabolomic profile. …”
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Evaluation of the corrective effect of therapeutic plasmapheresis on the state of renal function in patients after surgical treatment of localized kidney cancer by S. N. Dimitriadi, N. D. Ushakova, A. V. Velichko, E. M. Frantsiyants

“…Therapeutic plasmapheresis is highly effective in the correction of renal function disorders after kidney resection under WIT conditions and demonstrates an advantage in reducing the risk of developing a clinical stage of AKI in comparison with preventive measures that include standard nephroprotective infusion therapy.…”
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Effect of neurally adjusted ventilator assist versus pressure support ventilation on asynchronies and cardiac function in pediatric liver transplantation by Fabrizio Chiusolo, Giorgia Spinazzola, Roberta Costa, Alessio Franceschini, Francesca Tortora, Francesco Polisca, Emanuele Rossetti, Lucilla Ravà, Marcello Chinali, Vito Fanelli, Giorgio Conti

“…Secondary outcomes were patient-ventilator interaction parameters, gas exchange, left and right ventricular function, and hemodynamic parameters. NAVA compared to PSV: (1) improves patient-ventilator interaction reducing AI (coeff − 6.66 95% CI −11.5 to −1.78, p = 0.008); (2) does not improve TAPSE (coeff 0.62 95% CI −1.49 to 2.74, p < 0.557) No differences in terms of pulmonary gas exchange and hemodynamic parameters were detected. …”
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Effect of DAPAgliflozin on Myocardial Fibrosis and Ventricular Function in Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction—DAPA-STEMI Trial by Luis Ortega-Paz, Claudio Laudani, Alessandro Sionis, Pablo Vidal-Cales, Victor Arevalos, Rut Andrea, Carlos Igor Morr, Oriol De Diego, Emilio Ortega, Francisco-Rafael Jimenez-Trinidad, Ana Paula Dantas, Dominick J. Angiolillo, Manel Sabaté, Jose T. Ortiz-Pérez, Salvatore Brugaletta

“…Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) offer cardiovascular benefits by reducing markers of myocardial fibrosis and fibroblast activity. …”
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OA-MEN: a fusion deep learning approach for enhanced accuracy in knee osteoarthritis detection and classification using X-Ray imaging by Xiaolu Ren, Xiaolu Ren, Lingxuan Hou, Shan Liu, Peng Wu, Siming Liang, Haitian Fu, Chengquan Li, Ting Li, Yongjing Cheng

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LS-YOLO: A Lightweight, Real-Time YOLO-Based Target Detection Algorithm for Autonomous Driving Under Adverse Environmental Conditions by Cheng Ju, Yuxin Chang, Yuansha Xie, Dina Li

“…To address these issues, a lightweight real-time object detection algorithm, LS-YOLO, is proposed. The LS-YOLO incorporates a MACA module to capture both global and local features, an SPDD module to reduce computational complexity, and a DR-Concat module to optimize feature fusion. …”
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Detection of CRISPR‒Cas and type I R–M systems in Klebsiella pneumoniae of human and animal origins and their relationship to antibiotic resistance and virulence by Xue Li, Ling Wang, Jinghuan Lin, Yingjuan Gu, Zhihua Liu, Jing Hu

“…All virulence genes (yersiniabactin, colibactin, aerobactin, salmochelin, rmpADC, and rmpA2) detection rates were higher when only the CRISPR‒Cas systems were present but were all reduced when coexisting with type I R-M systems. …”
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New ecological change indicators using breakpoints in vegetation trends applied to a dryland pastoral catchment in the Moroccan high atlas by Angelique Vermeer, Saskia Foerster, Ángeles G. Mayor

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Weak Fault Detection for Rolling Bearings in Varying Working Conditions through the Second-Order Stochastic Resonance Method with Barrier Height Optimization by Huaitao Shi, Yangyang Li, Peng Zhou, Shenghao Tong, Liang Guo, Baicheng Li

“…The stochastic resonance (SR) method is widely applied to fault feature extraction of rotary machines, which is capable of improving the weak fault detection performance by energy transformation through the potential well function. …”
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A Zinc Oxide Interconnected Hydroxypropyl-Beta-Cyclodextrin/rGO Nanocomposite as an Electrocatalyst for Melatonin Detection: An Ultra-Sensitive Electrochemical Sensor by Kuo-Yuan Hwa, Aravindan Santhan, Chun-Wei Ou, Cheng-Han Wang

“…Nanocomposite hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin functionalized reduced graphene oxide sheets (HpβCD@rGOs) with zinc oxide flaky structures (ZnOFs) were synthesized. …”
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Eeg-based detection of epileptic seizures in patients with disabilities using a novel attention-driven deep learning framework with SHAP interpretability by Tawfeeq Shawly, Ahmed A. Alsheikhy

“…Recent developments in artificial intelligence (AI) and deep learning have facilitated the automation of seizure detection from EEG signals with improved accuracy. …”
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AMFEF-DETR: An End-to-End Adaptive Multi-Scale Feature Extraction and Fusion Object Detection Network Based on UAV Aerial Images by Sen Wang, Huiping Jiang, Jixiang Yang, Xuan Ma, Jiamin Chen

“…To address the challenge of low detection accuracy and slow detection speed in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) aerial images target detection tasks, caused by factors such as complex ground environments, varying UAV flight altitudes and angles, and changes in lighting conditions, this study proposes an end-to-end adaptive multi-scale feature extraction and fusion detection network, named AMFEF-DETR. …”
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The Campylobacter jejuni BumS sensor phosphatase detects the branched short-chain fatty acids isobutyrate and isovalerate as direct cues for signal transduction by Nestor Ruiz, Jiawei Xing, Igor B. Zhulin, Chad A. Brautigam, David R. Hendrixson

“…The Campylobacter jejuni BumSR TCS is unusual in that the BumS sensor exclusively functions as a phosphatase rather than a kinase to control phosphorylated levels of its cognate BumR response regulator (P-BumR). …”
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RDRM-YOLO: A High-Accuracy and Lightweight Rice Disease Detection Model for Complex Field Environments Based on Improved YOLOv5 by Pan Li, Jitao Zhou, Huihui Sun, Jian Zeng

“…Rice leaf diseases critically threaten global rice production by reducing crop yield and quality. Efficient disease detection in complex field environments remains a persistent challenge for sustainable agriculture. …”
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SegNeXt-RCMSCA: An improved SegNeXt network for detecting winter wheat lodging from UAS RGB images by Yahui Guo, Wei Zhou, Yongshuo H Fu, Fanghua Hao, Xuan Zhang, Le Xu, Ji Liu, Yuhong He

“…Winter wheat lodging reduces wheat yield and poses a further risk to regional food security, emphasizing the need for timely and accurately monitoring of affected areas. …”
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Optimized Two-Stage Anomaly Detection and Recovery in Smart Grid Data Using Enhanced DeBERTa-v3 Verification System by Xiao Liao, Wei Cui, Min Zhang, Aiwu Zhang, Pan Hu

“…Key innovations include (1) a balanced loss function combining focal loss (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>α</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula> = 0.65, <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>γ</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula> = 1.2), Dice loss (weight = 0.5), and contrastive learning (weight = 0.03) to reduce over-rejection by 73.4%; (2) an ensemble verification strategy using multithreshold voting, achieving 91.2% accuracy; (3) optimized sample weighting prioritizing missed positives (weight = 10.0); (4) comprehensive feature extraction, including frequency domain and entropy features; and (5) integration of a generative time series model (TimER) for high-precision recovery of tampered data points. …”
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Cognitive impairment in chronic heart failure. How new therapeutic options for the treatment of chronic heart failure affect cognitive function? by Y. O. Aksenova, Y. F. Osmolovskaya, A. A. Petrukhina, I. V. Zhirov, A. G. Beniashvili, S. N. Tereshchenko, M. A. Morozova

“…For example, implantation of an artificial left ventricle may improve cognitive function; however, there are studies on immediate improvement in cognitive function followed by gradual deterioration over time after implantation of an artificial left ventricle, which requires long-term study In addition, evidence is provided for the effectiveness of using a relaxation scenario in virtual reality technology to reduce anxiety and affective complaints in somatic hospitalized patients, but the ability to improve cognitive function in patients with chronic heart failure remains to be explored.…”
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A systematic study on complementary metal-oxide semiconductor technology (CMOS) and Internet of Things (IOT) for radioactive leakage detection in nuclear plant by Swayam Patel, Sakshi Sutaria, Rajveer Daga, Manan Shah, Mitul Prajapati

“…A well-coordinated combination of the two technologies has the potential to vastly increase leak detection potential and consistency. The study's major goal is to develop new and improved technology for detecting released radiation in the industry in order to obtain real-time information about the material leaked, as well as the location of the leak and the quantity of leakage that occurred, in order to reduce the danger of a natural catastrophe.…”
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Functional Connectivity and MRI Radiomics Biomarkers of Cognitive and Brain Reserve in Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairment Prediction—A Study Protocol by Hanna Maria Dragoș, Adina Stan, Livia Livinț Popa, Roxana Pintican, Diana Feier, Nicu Cătălin Drăghici, Dragoș-Cătălin Jianu, Diana Chira, Ștefan Strilciuc, Dafin F. Mureșanu

“…Brain reserve refers to the brain’s structural capacity to compensate for damage, with markers like hippocampal atrophy and white matter lesions indicating reduced reserve. Cognitive reserve involves the brain’s ability to optimize performance and use alternative networks to maintain function. …”
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