Enhancing Early Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy Through the Integration of Deep Learning Models and Explainable Artificial Intelligence by Kazi Ahnaf Alavee, Mehedi Hasan, Abu Hasnayen Zillanee, Moin Mostakim, Jia Uddin, Eduardo Silva Alvarado, Isabel de la Torre Diez, Imran Ashraf, Md Abdus Samad

“…It is one of those complex complexities. Therefore, early detection of DR can significantly reduce the risk of vision impairment by appropriate treatment and necessary precautions. …”
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LCFANet: A Novel Lightweight Cross-Level Feature Aggregation Network for Small Agricultural Pest Detection by Shijian Huang, Yunong Tian, Yong Tan, Zize Liang

“…In agricultural pest detection, the small size of pests poses a critical hurdle to detection accuracy. …”
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Gastrin exerts a protective effect against myocardial infarction via promoting angiogenesis by Jinjuan Fu, Yuanjuan Tang, Zhen Zhang, Lin Tong, Rongchuan Yue, Lin Cai

“…Capillary-like tube formation and cell migration assays were performed to detect gastrin-induced angiogenesis. Results We found that gastrin administration significantly ameliorated MI-induced cardiac dysfunction and reduced fibrosis at 28 days in post-MI hearts. …”
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Enhancing the reverse transcriptase function in Taq polymerase via AI-driven multiparametric rational design by Yulia E. Tomilova, Nikolay E. Russkikh, Igor M. Yi, Elizaveta V. Shaburova, Viktor N. Tomilov, Galina B. Pyrinova, Svetlana O. Brezhneva, Olga S. Tikhonyuk, Nadezhda S. Gololobova, Dmitriy V. Popichenko, Maxim O. Arkhipov, Leonid O. Bryzgalov, Evgeniy V. Brenner, Anastasia A. Artyukh, Dmitry N. Shtokalo, Dmitry N. Shtokalo, Dmitry N. Shtokalo, Denis V. Antonets, Mikhail K. Ivanov, Mikhail K. Ivanov

“…Several enzymes validated via this procedure were effective in single-enzyme real-time reverse-transcription PCR setups, implying their utility for the development of new tools for real-time reverse-transcription PCR technologies, such as pathogen RNA detection and gene expression analysis. This study illustrates how AI can be effectively integrated with experimental bioengineering to enhance enzyme functionality systematically. …”
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Taxonomic hierarchical loss function for enhanced crop and weed phenotyping in multi-task semantic segmentation by Artzai Picon, Daniel Mugica, Itziar Eguskiza, Arantza Bereciartua-Perez, Javier Romero, Carlos Javier Jimenez, Christian Klukas, Laura Gomez-Zamanillo, Till Eggers, Ramon Navarra-Mestre

“…The proposed hierarchical loss function improves model performance, increasing the F1-Score for species detection from 0.41 to 0.52, for damage detection from 0.23 to 0.28. …”
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Early detection to improve outcome in people with undiagnosed psoriatic arthritis: the PROMPT research programme including RCT by Neil McHugh, Laura Bojke, Mel Brooke Turfrey, Rachel Charlton, Myka Ransom, Laura C Coates, Howard Collier, Claire Davies, Emma Dures, Philip Helliwell, Jana James, Anya Lissina, Vishnu B Madhok, Alison L Nightingale, Jonathan Packham, Catherine Smith, Eldon Spackman, Cerys Tassinari, William Tillett, Sarah T Brown

“…Surveillance for undiagnosed psoriatic arthritis generally detects mild cases as measured by physical function. …”
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Android to gynoid fat ratio and its association with functional capacity in male patients with heart failure by Marcelo Rodrigues Dos Santos, Guilherme Wesley Peixoto daFonseca, Letícia Pironato Sherveninas, Francis Ribeiro deSouza, Antônio Carlos Battaglia Filho, Caio Eduardo Novaes, Rosa Maria Rodrigues Pereira, Carlos Eduardo Negrão, Antônio Carlos Pereira Barretto, Maria‐Janieire de Nazaré Nunes Alves

“…Abstract Aims We studied the association between android (A) to gynoid (G) fat ratio and functional capacity (peak VO2) in male patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). …”
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Marker-Based Safety Functionality for Human–Robot Collaboration Tasks by Means of Eye-Tracking Glasses by Enrico Masi, Nhu Toan Nguyen, Eugenio Monari, Marcello Valori, Rocco Vertechy

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α-synuclein expression in glioblastoma restores tumor suppressor function and rescues temozolomide drug resistance by Eric Duplan, Aurore Bernardin, Thomas Goiran, Nathalie Leroudier, Mathew Casimiro, Richard Pestell, Shinya Tanaka, Celine Malleval, Jerome Honnorat, Ahmed Idbaih, Lucie Martin, Hélène Castel, Frédéric Checler, Cristine Alves da Costa

“…The purpose of this study is to determine the implication of α-syn in glioblastoma development and elucidate how it elicits a tumor suppressor function. We show that the expression of α-syn, a TP53 transcriptional target and a key molecular player in Parkinson’s disease, is detected in 1p/19q-codeleted and isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant oligodendroglioma and in IDH-wild-type glioblastoma, while reduced in glioblastoma biopsies, corroborating the link of α-syn expression with a better prognosis among all glioma patients. …”
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Cutaneous nerve fiber pathology and function in Parkinson’s disease and atypical parkinsonism – a cohort study by Mattias Andréasson, Wojciech Paslawski, Astrid Juhl Terkelsen, Kristin Samuelsson, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow, Páll Karlsson, Per Svenningsson

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Carbohydrate metabolism, pancreas functional activity and diet in young residents of two ethnic groups in the North by Inessa V. Averyanova

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Association Between the Low Levels of Vitamin D and Treg Function in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients by Kusworini Handono, Dona Marisa, Handono Kalim

“…Key words: vitamin D, treg function CCR4, MDC, TARC. …”
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Association Between the Low Levels of Vitamin D and Treg Function in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients by Kusworini Handono, Dona Marisa, Handono Kalim

“…Key words: vitamin D, treg function CCR4, MDC, TARC. …”
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Мethod of Functional Treatment of Refractive Amblyopia in Children Using Alternating Presentation of Stereo Stimules by S. I. Rychkova, V. G. Likhvantseva

“…In the study on synoptophore, all children had normal correspondence of the retina with the fusion reserves, which were significantly reduced. The character of vision was binocular in all children, but the presence of stereo vision on the Fly test was detected in 96 (91.4 %) children, and on the Lang test only in 73 (69.5 %) children. …”
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An optimized anomaly detection framework in industrial control systems through grey wolf optimizer and autoencoder integration by Muhammad Muzamil Aslam, Liyanage Chandratilak De Silva, Rosyzie Anna Awg Haji Mohd Apong, Ali Tufail

“…The proposed approach optimizes GWO by improving prey selection, encircling mechanisms, and initial population generation, while enhancing AE dropout functionality for improved model generalization. The method operates in two stages: (1) Optimizing GWO for feature selection to identify relevant features and reduce feature errors, and (2) Utilizing AE for efficient anomaly detection. …”
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Enhancing Landmark Point Detection in <i>Eriocheir Sinensis</i> Carapace with Differentiable End-to-End Networks by Chong Wu, Shuxian Wang, Shengmao Zhang, Hanfeng Zheng, Wei Wang, Shenglong Yang

“…Three types of convolutional neural network models were used to compare detection accuracy, generalization ability, and model power consumption, with different loss functions compared. …”
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Efficient Structural Damage Detection with Minimal Input Data: Leveraging Fewer Sensors and Addressing Model Uncertainties by Fredi Alegría, Eladio Martínez, Claudia Cortés-García, Quirino Estrada, Andrés Blanco-Ortega, Mario Ponce-Silva

“…This study introduces an innovative computational method aimed at minimizing data requirements, reducing instrumentation costs, and functioning with fewer vibration modes. …”
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The Reliable Detection of Homocysteine Using a Biosensor Based on Recombinant Cystathionine β-Synthase and Nanoporous Gold by Zihan Huang, Yan Gao, Lei Zhang, Ting Cai, Ruijun Liu, Xia Wang

“…Given the essential roles of homocysteine (Hcy) and the interference of cysteine in effectively monitoring human health, this study proposed a synergistic effect strategy that combines the unique structural and functional properties of nanoporous gold (NPG) with the selective recognition capability of a recombinant cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) for the sensitive and specific detection of Hcy. …”
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YOLO-LSM: A Lightweight UAV Target Detection Algorithm Based on Shallow and Multiscale Information Learning by Chenxing Wu, Changlong Cai, Feng Xiao, Jiahao Wang, Yulin Guo, Longhui Ma

“…Different from previous work on medical detection, this study tailors YOLO-LSM for UAV-based small object detection by introducing targeted improvements in feature extraction, detection heads, and loss functions, achieving better adaptation to aerial scenarios.…”
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An Advanced Generative AI-Based Anomaly Detection in IEC61850-Based Communication Messages in Smart Grids by Aydin Zaboli, Yong-Hwa Kim, Junho Hong

“…Security incidents in digital substations can create notable difficulties for the consistent and stable functioning of power systems. To address these issues, implementing defense and mitigation strategies is essential. …”
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