Real-Time Object Detection Using Low-Resolution Thermal Camera for Smart Ventilation Systems by Jun-Hee Lee, Eung-Tea Kim

“…To address the scarcity of thermal data, we developed the TOI (Thermal Object Insertion) data augmentation technique, which generates new training data while preserving thermal pattern characteristics. A composite loss function combining box, classification, and confidence losses was implemented to enhance object detection performance. …”
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Exploiting heart rate variability for driver drowsiness detection using wearable sensors and machine learning by Zakwan AlArnaout, Chamseddine Zaki, Yehia Kotb, Mouhammad AlAkkoumi, Nour Mostafa

“…These findings suggest that HRV-based drowsiness detection systems can be effectively integrated into Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) to enhance driver safety by providing timely alerts, thereby reducing the risk of accidents caused by drowsiness.…”
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An IoT intrusion detection framework based on feature selection and large language models fine-tuning by Huan Ma, Wan Zhang, Dalong Zhang, Baozhan Chen

“…Furthermore, we employ Focal Loss (FL) function-improved LightGBM as the classifier to improve detection performance. …”
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LFN-YOLO: precision underwater small object detection via a lightweight reparameterized approach by Mingxin Liu, Mingxin Liu, Yujie Wu, Ruixin Li, Cong Lin, Cong Lin

“…At the same time, the DFL loss function is introduced to reduce regression and classification errors. …”
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MSUD-YOLO: A Novel Multiscale Small Object Detection Model for UAV Aerial Images by Xiaofeng Zhao, Hui Zhang, Wenwen Zhang, Junyi Ma, Chenxiao Li, Yao Ding, Zhili Zhang

“…Concurrently, the overall model reduces parameters by 6.3%, verifying the model’s effectiveness for object detection in UAV aerial images in complex environments. …”
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High-Precision Moving Target Shadow Detection Algorithm for ViSAR Based on Information Geometry by Shangqu Yan, Yaowen Fu, Ruofeng Yu, Chenyang Luo, Wenpeng Zhang, Wei Yang

“…In ViSAR, the moving target's shadow does not offset and defocus, which is widely used as a feature for moving target detection. To address the shortcomings of high false and missing alarms in existing detection algorithms, this study proposes a high-precision moving target shadow detection algorithm for ViSAR based on information geometry. …”
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A Sparse Feature-Based Mixed Signal Frequencies Detecting for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Communications by Yang Wang, Yongxin Feng, Fan Zhou, Xi Chen, Jian Wang, Peiying Zhang

“…The detection error and detection accuracy of component frequencies are less than 3.19% and greater than 90.7%, respectively.…”
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SRW-YOLO: A Detection Model for Environmental Risk Factors During the Grid Construction Phase by Yu Zhao, Fei Liu, Qiang He, Fang Liu, Xiaohu Sun, Jiyong Zhang

“…Second, we integrate a reparameterized convolution based on channel shuffle (RCS) of a one-shot aggregation (RCS-OSA) module into the backbone and neck’s shallow layers, enhancing feature extraction while significantly reducing inference latency. Finally, a dynamic non-monotonic focusing mechanism WIoU v3 loss function is employed to reweigh low-quality annotations, thereby improving small-object localization accuracy. …”
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A dual-domain perception gate-controlled adaptive fusion algorithm for road crack detection by Ziyang Zhang, Yong’an Feng

“…Abstract Road crack detection presents critical challenges, including diverse defect patterns and complex anomaly characteristics. …”
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A Multi-Task Based Deep Learning Framework With Landmark Detection for MRI Couinaud Segmentation by Dong Miao, Ying Zhao, Xue Ren, Meng Dou, Yu Yao, Yiran Xu, Yingchao Cui, Ailian Liu

“…To achieve precise Couinaud liver segmentation in preoperative planning for hepatic surgery, accommodating the complex anatomy and significant variations, optimizing surgical approaches, reducing postoperative complications, and preserving liver function.This research presents a novel approach to automating liver segmentation by identifying seven key anatomical landmarks using portal venous phase images from contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CE-MRI). …”
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YOLOv8n-SSDW: A Lightweight and Accurate Model for Barnyard Grass Detection in Fields by Yan Sun, Hanrui Guo, Xiaoan Chen, Mengqi Li, Bing Fang, Yingli Cao

“…Based on the baseline YOLOv8n model, a novel Separable Residual Coord Conv (SRCConv) was designed to replace the original convolution module, significantly reducing parameters while maintaining detection accuracy. …”
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Real-Time ConvNext-Based U-Net with Feature Infusion for Egg Microcrack Detection by Chenbo Shi, Yuejia Li, Xin Jiang, Wenxin Sun, Changsheng Zhu, Yuanzheng Mo, Shaojia Yan, Chun Zhang

“…Real-time automatic detection of microcracks in eggs is crucial for ensuring egg quality and safety, yet rapid detection of micron-scale cracks remains challenging. …”
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PHRF-RTDETR: a lightweight weed detection method for upland rice based on RT-DETR by Xianjin Jin, Jinheng Zhang, Fei Wang, Mengyan Zhao, Yunshuang Wang, Jianping Yang, Jinfeng Wu, Bing Zhou

“…Compared with the traditional target detection models of Faster R-CNN and SSD, YOLO series models, and RT-DETR series models, the PHRF-RTDETR model effectively balances lightweight and accuracy performance for weed detection in upland rice.DiscussionOverall, the PHRF-RTDETR model demonstrates potential for implementation in the detection modules of intelligent weeding robots for upland rice systems, offering dual benefits of reducing agricultural production costs through labor efficiency and contributing to improved food security in drought-prone regions.…”
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DCP-YOLOv7x: improved pest detection method for low-quality cotton image by Yukun Ma, Yajun Wei, Minsheng Ma, Zhilong Ning, Minghui Qiao, Uchechukwu Awada

“…Meanwhile, the loss function is modified, and NWD (Normalized Wasserstein Distance) is introduced to significantly improve the detection precision and convergence speed of small targets. …”
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Smart Fault Detection, Classification, and Localization in Distribution Networks: AI-Driven Approaches and Emerging Technologies by Jianxian Wang, Hazlie Mokhlis, Nurulafiqah Nadzirah Mansor, Hazlee Azil Illias, Agileswari K. Ramasamy, Xingyu Wu, Siqi Wang

“…These challenges manifest as reduced sensitivity of protection systems in distribution networks, increased difficulty in identifying high impedance faults, and frequent misclassification or mislocation of faults under dynamic network conditions. …”
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Research and Application of a Multitarget Detection Algorithm Based on Improved YOLOv8 for Indoor Objects by Yanzhen Wang, Wei Wang, Xiaolong Zhou, Xubin Dong, Jianyong Li, Qi Zhao, Xinyu Yang, Yao Wang

“…Finally, the WIoUv3 loss is used instead of the CIoU loss as the localization regression loss function, which reduces the influence of low-quality anchor frames and enhances the M<sc>odel</sc>&#x2019;s focus on global information, thus improving the accuracy of target object detection. …”
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Benefits and Limitations of Lean Tools in the Building Design Process: A Functional and Comparative Analysis by Adriana Luna, Rodrigo F. Herrera, Karen Castañeda, Edison Atencio, Clarissa Biotto

“…Among these tools, Building Information Modeling (BIM), Last Planner System (LPS), and Agile Design Management (ADM) were identified as the most impactful, collectively addressing 88% of design functionalities. Expert insights revealed that ADM improves task control and decision-making clarity, LPS reduces uncertainty and enhances workflow reliability, and BIM strengthens coordination and early conflict detection. …”
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Lightweight coal miners and manned vehicles detection model based on deep learning and model compression techniques: A case study of coal mines in Guizhou region by Beijing XIE, Heng LI, Zheng LUAN, Zhen LEI, Xiaoxu LI, Zhuo LI

“…In the model compression phase, the proposed FCW-YOLO model undergoes channel-level sparsity through a collaborative pruning algorithm, automatically identifying unimportant channels and reducing them, resulting in the FCWP-YOLO model, achieving secondary lightweight design of the coal mine pedestrian-vehicle detection model. …”
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Gut microbiome and metabolome profiling in coal workers’ pneumoconiosis: potential links to pulmonary function by Xiao Yu, Tao Xiong, Lu Yu, Gaisheng Liu, Fan Yang, Xueqin Li, Yangyang Wei, Xiaojing Wang, Shuting Wei, Yi Jiang, Xiaomei Kong, Shouan Ren, Yiwei Shi

“…Furthermore, in CWP patients, alterations in gut microbiota—particularly reduced α-diversity and changes in microbial composition—were significantly correlated with impaired pulmonary function, a relationship not observed in DEW. …”
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KLRG1 expression induces functional exhaustion of NK cells in colorectal cancer patients by Cairui Xu, Kangli Cao, Along Ma, Meijuan Zheng, Yuanhong Xu, Ling Tang

“…The distribution characteristics, phenotypic changes, functional status, apoptosis susceptibility, and proliferative capacity of circulating NK cells were detected and analyzed by flow cytometry. …”
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