Comparison of mask R-CNN and YOLOv8-seg for improved monitoring of the PCB surface during laser cleaning by Lu Qiao, Markus Veltrup, Bernd Mayer

“…This study introduces the innovative use of YOLOv8-seg and Mask R-CNN to enhance the precision and efficiency of the laser cleaning process for PCBs (Printed Circuit Boards). These models are utilized for two primary tasks: real-time segmentation for laser cleaning guidance and post-cleaning surface quality assessment. …”
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Cup and Disc Segmentation in Smartphone Handheld Ophthalmoscope Images with a Composite Backbone and Double Decoder Architecture by Thiago Paiva Freire, Geraldo Braz Júnior, João Dallyson Sousa de Almeida, José Ribamar Durand Rodrigues Junior

“…This work presents a methodology to enhance morphological biomarkers of the optic disc and cup in images obtained by a smartphone coupled to an ophthalmoscope through a deep neural network, which combines two backbones and a dual decoder approach to improve the segmentation of these structures, as well as a new way to combine the loss weights in the training process. The models obtained were numerically evaluated through Dice and IoU measures. …”
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A Framework for Cervical Cancer Elimination in Low-and-Middle-Income Countries: A Scoping Review and Roadmap for Interventions and Research Priorities by Michelle B. Shin, Gui Liu, Nelly Mugo, Nelly Mugo, Patricia J. Garcia, Patricia J. Garcia, Darcy W. Rao, Darcy W. Rao, Cara J. Broshkevitch, Linda O. Eckert, Linda O. Eckert, Leeya F. Pinder, Leeya F. Pinder, Judith N. Wasserheit, Judith N. Wasserheit, Judith N. Wasserheit, Ruanne V. Barnabas, Ruanne V. Barnabas, Ruanne V. Barnabas, Ruanne V. Barnabas

“…The model articulates responsibilities for stakeholders and visualizes processes to increase access to and coverage of prevention methods. …”
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Complex-Scene SAR Aircraft Recognition Combining Attention Mechanism and Inner Convolution Operator by Wansi Liu, Huan Wang, Jiapeng Duan, Lixiang Cao, Teng Feng, Xiaomin Tian

“…In response to the challenges of aircraft detection in SAR images due to the complex background interference caused by the continuous scattering of airport buildings and the demand for real-time processing, this paper proposes a YOLOv7-MTI recognition model that combines the attention mechanism and involution. …”
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Time Series of Electrical Conductivity Fluctuations Give Insights Into Long‐Term Solute Transport Dynamics of an Urban Stream by Anna Jaeger, Jonas L. Schaper, Paul Romeijn, Andrea Betterle, Malte Posselt, Stefan Krause, Jörg Lewandowski, Joakim Riml

“…The present study uses intrinsic diurnal fluctuations of electrical conductivity (EC) caused by discharge of treated wastewater as a tracer to evaluate solute transport processes along a 4.7‐km reach of the River Erpe, Germany. …”
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Causes, consequences and implications of the 2023 landslide-induced Lake Rasac glacial lake outburst flood (GLOF), Cordillera Huayhuash, Peru by A. Emmer, O. Vilca, C. Salazar Checa, S. Li, S. Cook, S. Cook, E. Pummer, J. Hrebrina, W. Haeberli

“…Further, we describe the surprisingly short-distance process chain (attenuated by Lake Gochacotan, located 3.5 km downstream from the detachment zone) and analyse the transport of large boulders with the use of hydrodynamic modelling, revealing that flow velocities <span class="inline-formula">&gt;5</span> <span class="inline-formula">m s⁻¹</span> must have been reached in the case of translational motion and <span class="inline-formula">&gt;10</span> <span class="inline-formula">m s⁻¹</span> in the case of rotational motion of the largest transported boulders (diameter <span class="inline-formula">&gt;3.5</span> m). …”
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RECENT STRONG EARTHQUAKES IN CENTRAL ASIA: REGULAR TECTONOPHYSICAL FEATURES OF LOCATIONS IN THE STRUCTURE AND GEODYNAMICS OF THE LITHOSPHERE. PART 1. MAIN GEODYNAMIC FACTORS PREDET... by S. I. Sherman, Ma Jin, E. A. Gorbunova

“…The authors propose a new ap-proach that requires changing the paradigm of earthquake focus – solid rock relations, while this paradigm is a basis for practically all known physical models of earthquake foci. This paper describes the first step towards developing a new concept of the seismic process, including generation of strong earthquakes, with reference to specific geodynamic features of the part of the study region wherein strong earthquakes were recorded in the past two centuries. …”
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Nickel: A tale of two cities by Richard Schodde, Pietro Guj

“…This, however, has changed starting with a daring but successful gamble on the side of Ni-laterite-rich Indonesia that, in an endeavour to attract investment in downstream processing, in 2014 introduced a ban on the exportation of Ni ore, giving local miners 5 years to establish their processing facilities. …”
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Validation of Deep Learning–Based Automatic Retinal Layer Segmentation Algorithms for Age-Related Macular Degeneration with 2 Spectral-Domain OCT Devices by Souvick Mukherjee, PhD, Tharindu De Silva, PhD, Cameron Duic, BS, Gopal Jayakar, BS, Tiarnan D.L. Keenan, BM BCh, PhD, Alisa T. Thavikulwat, MD, Emily Chew, MD, Catherine Cukras, MD, PhD

“…However, this resource-intensive process has constrained the widespread application of such algorithms across diverse OCT devices. …”
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End-to-End Neural Video Compression: A Review by Jiovana S. Gomes, Mateus Grellert, Fabio L. L. Ramos, Sergio Bampi

“…The pervasive presence of video content has spurred the development of advanced technologies to manage, process, and deliver high-quality content efficiently. …”
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Efficient adsorption of amoxicillin onto silica nanoparticles synthesized from rice husks by Wael Y. Elnazer, Taha E. Farrag, Mokhtar S. Beheary, Ramadan A. Mansour

“…Adsorption of amoxicillin onto SN followed PSO kinetic models and well fitted with Temkin, van ‘t Hoff, and Langmuir linear models with maximum adsorption capacity reached 99.8 mg/g at 38 °C. …”
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Machine learning-based multimodal data fusion for the Swiss land use statistics by Adrian Meyer, Gillian Milani, Natalie Lack, Maria Schönholzer, Denis Jordan

“…We investigate whether machine learning (ML) can streamline this process by integrating multimodal and multitemporal datasets. …”
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Alternative Energy Sources Usable in Automotive Transport by Jiří Zukal, Zoltán Szabó, Miloš Klíma, Pavel Fiala

“…The ideas and interpretations are not strictly limited to automobile transport but also reach into other areas of using and processing energy. …”
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Ultrasound super resolution imaging for accurate uterus tumor detection and malignancy prediction by Ashwini Sawant, Sujata Kulkarni, Milind Sawant

“…Enhanced ultrasound images can reach even higher accuracy, cementing them as plausible alternatives to MRI. …”
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SPPMFN: Efficient Multimodal Financial Time-Series Prediction Network With Self-Supervised Learning by Ningxin Li, Gang Chao, Jianke Zou, Gaozhe Jiang

“…These transformed data modalities are then simultaneously processed by the SPPMFN, enabling the extraction of features from multiple dimensions. …”
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The Seasonal Variations in Fouling Organisms and Their Relationship with Environmental Factors on a Raft Culture Facility in Pastoral Marine Ranching by Peiqi YANG, Yanli TANG, Mengjie YU, Hui LIANG

“…Marine ranching is a fishery model that can improve the ecological environment of sea areas, increase and conserve fishery resources, and realize the sustainable utilization of fishery resources. …”
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How transformational leadership reduces teachers’ role stress: dual mediation of affective commitment and job satisfaction by Ping Yong, Junhui Zhang

“…Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) and the PROCESS macro to explore both direct and indirect effects of transformational leadership on teacher role stress.ResultsTransformational leadership was found to significantly reduce teachers’ role stress (direct effect = −0.185, 95% CI = [−0.277, −0.093]). …”
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Enhancing the efficiency of methylammonium silicon iodide-based perovskite solar cells: Optimization of charge transport layers and device parameters by Jabir Hakami

“…In this work, SCAPS-1D device modeling to improve the efficiency of Si-based PSCs, with a focus on key critical parameters. …”
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Optimization of Vehicles Routing Problem using GA For AL-Rasheed municipality, Baghdad, Iraq by zainab talib, Muayed Al-Huseiny

“…The current study's objective is to apply a genetic algorithm to reach the goals, illustrating the process of selecting the optimal route for the vehicle with the lowest time and greatest weight among several paths. …”
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Progressive feature enrichment and ensemble learning for enhanced rice seed purity classification by Minh-Dung Le, Van-Giap Le, Thi-Thu-Hong Phan

“…Through an iterative refinement process, the feature set is systematically expanded. …”
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