Novel exon of mammalian ADAR2 extends open reading frame. by Stefan Maas, Willemijn M Gommans

“…<h4>Background</h4>The post-transcriptional processing of pre-mRNAs by RNA editing contributes significantly to the complexity of the mammalian transcriptome. …”
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Organelle symphony: Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and nuclear factor-kappa B in stroke pathobiology by Ziliang Hu, Mingyue Zhao, Hangyu Shen, Liangzhe Wei, Jie Sun, Xiang Gao, Yi Huang

“…Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 is sensitive to changes in the cellular redox status and is crucial in protecting cells against oxidative damage, inflammatory responses, and cytotoxic agents. It plays a significant role in post-stroke neuroprotection and repair by influencing mitochondrial function, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and lysosomal activity and regulating metabolic pathways and cytokine expression. …”
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Epstein-Barr virus reactivation induces divergent abortive, reprogrammed, and host shutoff states by lytic progression. by Elliott D SoRelle, Lauren E Haynes, Katherine A Willard, Beth Chang, James Ch'ng, Heather Christofk, Micah A Luftig

“…Viral infection leads to heterogeneous cellular outcomes ranging from refractory to abortive and fully productive states. Single cell transcriptomics enables a high resolution view of these distinct post-infection states. …”
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Integrated omics revealed the altered colonic microenvironment after inhibition of peripheral serotonin synthesis by LP533401 by Yidan Ling, Ziyu Liu, Shuibing Han, Haiqin Wu, Chunlong Mu, Weiyun Zhu

“…Metagenome profiling revealed an upregulation in the microbial two‐component system (ko02020) and tyrosine metabolism (ko00350), with minimal effects on taxa abundances. Transcriptome profiling analysis indicated the discriminant expression of genes enriched in pathogen infection‐responsive signaling (e.g., Salmonella and Yersinia infection) and the Wnt signaling pathway that affected stem cell proliferation. …”
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A safe insect-based chikungunya fever vaccine affords rapid and durable protection in cynomolgus macaques by Awadalkareem Adam, Courtney Woolsey, Hannah Lu, Kenneth Plante, Shannon M. Wallace, Leslie Rodriguez, Divya P. Shinde, Yingjun Cui, Alexander W. E. Franz, Saravanan Thangamani, Jason E. Comer, Scott C. Weaver, Tian Wang

“…Both EILV/CHIKV and the live attenuated CHIKV 181/25 vaccine protected macaques from wild-type (WT) CHIKV infection 1 year after a single dose vaccination. Transcriptome and functional analyses reveal that EILV/CHIKV triggered T cell, memory B cell and antibody responses in a dose-dependent manner. …”
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Identification and characterization of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily in the Chinese tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri chinensis) by Zongjian Huang, Nan Shi, Zhenqiu Luo, Fangfang Chen, Xunwei Feng, Yongjing Lai, Jian Li, Xiang Yi, Wei Xia, Anzhou Tang

“…The tissue distribution and co-expression were confirmed via RT-qPCR and immunofluorescence. Evaluation of transcriptome data from 70 samples infected with six types of viruses showed that most TNFRSF genes were upregulated in tree shrew post-viral infection. …”
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Inhibition of ATM or ATR in combination with hypo-fractionated radiotherapy leads to a different immunophenotype on transcript and protein level in HNSCC by Julia Meidenbauer, Julia Meidenbauer, Julia Meidenbauer, Matthias Wachter, Matthias Wachter, Matthias Wachter, Sebastian R. Schulz, Nada Mostafa, Nada Mostafa, Nada Mostafa, Lilli Zülch, Lilli Zülch, Lilli Zülch, Benjamin Frey, Benjamin Frey, Benjamin Frey, Benjamin Frey, Benjamin Frey, Rainer Fietkau, Rainer Fietkau, Rainer Fietkau, Rainer Fietkau, Udo S. Gaipl, Udo S. Gaipl, Udo S. Gaipl, Udo S. Gaipl, Udo S. Gaipl, Tina Jost, Tina Jost, Tina Jost

“…Therefore, we investigated whether the combination of ATM or ATR inhibitors with hypo-fractionated radiotherapy (RT) has a different impact on the expression of immune checkpoint markers (extrinsic), the release of cytokines or the transcriptome (intrinsic) of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells.MethodsThe toxic and immunogenic effects of the smKI AZD0156 (ATMi) and VE-822 (ATRi) in combination with a hypo-fractionated scheme of 2x5Gy RT on HPV-negative (HSC4, Cal-33) and HPV-positive (UM-SCC-47, UD-SCC-2) HNSCC cell lines were analyzed as follows: cell death (necrosis, apoptosis; detected by AnxV/PI), expression of immunostimulatory (ICOS-L, OX40-L, TNFSFR9, CD70) and immunosuppressive (PD-L1, PD-L2, HVEM) checkpoint marker using flow cytometry; the release of cytokines using multiplex ELISA and the gene expression of Cal-33 on mRNA level 48 h post-RT.ResultsCell death was mainly induced by the combination of RT with both inhibitors, but stronger with ATRi. …”
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Light-regulated microRNAs shape dynamic gene expression in the zebrafish circadian clock. by Zuo Wang, Shuang Wang, Yi Bi, Alessandra Boiti, Shengxiang Zhang, Daniela Vallone, Xianyong Lan, Nicholas S Foulkes, Haiyu Zhao

“…However, considerable evidence points to post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms, notably microRNAs (miRNAs), playing an essential role in shaping dynamic changes in mRNA levels. …”
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Cross-Species Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals Myeloid-Driven Endothelial Oxidative Stress in Ischemic Stroke by Ziqi Cheng, Hua Zhu, Shi Feng, Yonggang Zhang, Xiaoxing Xiong

“…Results: Cross-species bulk RNA-seq revealed a modest early immune shift at 3 h post-stroke, escalating significantly by 24 h, with robust myeloid-centric gene signatures conserved in humans and mice. …”
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Restoring mitophagy in prostate cancer cells: the role of miR-141 rescue in counteracting MAPK1/ERK2-dependent autophagy suppression by Radostina Tsvetankova, Ilka Tsvetkova, Soren Hayrabedyan, Krassimira Todorova

“…Utilising nanopore transcriptome sequencing, differential gene expression was analysed post miR-141 mimic/inhibitor modulation. …”
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Intratumoral Collagen Deposition Supports Angiogenesis Suggesting Anti‐angiogenic Therapy in Armored and Cold Tumors by Jie Mei, Kai Yang, Xinkang Zhang, Zhiwen Luo, Min Tian, Hanfang Fan, Jiahui Chu, Yan Zhang, Junli Ding, Junying Xu, Yun Cai, Yongmei Yin

“…Post‐immunotherapy resistance, the transformation into armored & cold tumors emerges as a potential biomarker for selecting anti‐angiogenic therapy. …”
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AMF30a promotes survival and function of human corneal endothelial cells by regulating TGF-β/ROCK/HIPPO pathway by Yunkyoung Ryu, Hye-Jin Son, Jin Sun Hwang, Kyung Bo Noh, Sun-Hee Oh, Eun-Kyoung Choi, Young Joo Shin

“…Peptidylarginine deiminase 2 (PAD2) is an enzyme responsible for catalyzing the post-translational modification of arginine into citrulline, a process known as citrullination. …”
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COP1 Deficiency in BRAF^V600E Melanomas Confers Resistance to Inhibitors of the MAPK Pathway by Ada Ndoja, Christopher M. Rose, Eva Lin, Rohit Reja, Jelena Petrovic, Sarah Kummerfeld, Andrew Blair, Helen Rizos, Zora Modrusan, Scott Martin, Donald S. Kirkpatrick, Amy Heidersbach, Tao Sun, Benjamin Haley, Ozge Karayel, Kim Newton, Vishva M. Dixit

“…Aberrant activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade promotes oncogenic transcriptomes. Despite efforts to inhibit oncogenic kinases, such as BRAFV600E, tumor responses in patients can be heterogeneous and limited by drug resistance mechanisms. …”
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TSLP pretreatment inhibits M1 macrophage polarization and attenuates LPS-induced iNKT cell-dependent acute lung injury by Ting Zhou, Ziyao Zhang, Yawen Zhan, Meiying Wang, Meiying Wang, Meiying Wang, Mi Wu, Xiufang Weng, Xiufang Weng, Xiufang Weng, Xiufang Weng, Younian Xu, Younian Xu, Younian Xu

“…At 24 hours post-treatment, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissues were collected for analysis. …”
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Integrating multi-omics and experimental techniques to decode ubiquitinated protein modifications in hepatocellular carcinoma by Haikun Yang, Yuan Chen, Yuan Chen, Zheng Zhou, Yanjing Wang, Peng Li, Yang Li

“…BackgroundUbiquitination, a critical post-translational modification, plays a pivotal role in regulating protein stability and activity, influencing various aspects of cancer development, including metabolic reprogramming, immune evasion, and tumor progression. …”
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Autoantibodies Targeting Vinculin Reveal Novel Insight into the Mechanisms of Autoimmune Podocytopathies by Hanyan Meng, Dongjie Wang, Chen Zheng, Chao Zhou, Xinrui Mao, Jinglan Gu, Xiaohui Qiao, Fei Liu, Jingjing Wang, Haidong Fu, Jianhua Mao, Qing Ye

“…Mouse urine was monitored for urine protein levels, while immunofluorescence, pathological staining, and electron microscopy assessed kidney pathological and ultrastructural changes. Transcriptome sequencing of mouse kidney tissues was performed to investigate the key molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways involved in kidney injury post-immunization. …”
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E2F1/CDK5/DRP1 axis mediates microglial mitochondrial division and autophagy in the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia‐reperfusion injury by Ya‐Jing Yuan, Tingting Chen, Yan‐Ling Yang, Hao‐Nan Han, Li‐Ming Xu

“…Upregulation of E2F1 and CDK5 in post‐CIRI microglia was observed. E2F1 facilitated CDK5 transcription, leading to DRP1 phosphorylation, exacerbating neurotoxic effects. …”
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Subcutaneous checkpoint inhibition is equivalent to systemic delivery when combined with nelitolimod delivered via pressure-enabled drug delivery for depletion of intrahepatic myel... by Diwakar Davar, Yujia Liu, Jason Laporte, Prajna Guha, Steven C Katz, Chandra C Ghosh, Lauren Cournoyer, Alizee Ballarin, Ilan B Layman, Molly Morrissey, Kayla Fraser, Shriya Perati, Bryan F Cox, Evgeny Yakirevich, Diana O Treaba, Timothy D Murtha

“…Tissues were harvested on Day 3 (D3) or Day 10 (D10) post-PEDD to enrich CD45+ cells and were analyzed via NanoString targeted transcriptomics (D3) or flow cytometry (FC, D10) to interrogate immune cell populations (D10). …”
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