MMPW-Net: Detection of Tiny Objects in Aerial Imagery Using Mixed Minimum Point-Wasserstein Distance by Nan Su, Zilong Zhao, Yiming Yan, Jinpeng Wang, Wanxuan Lu, Hongbo Cui, Yunfei Qu, Shou Feng, Chunhui Zhao

“…Secondly, we propose a novel metric, MMPW, to replace the Intersection over Union (IoU) in label assignment strategies, Non-Maximum Suppression (NMS), and regression loss functions. Specifically, MMPW models bounding boxes as 2D Gaussian distributions and utilizes the Mixed Minimum Point-Wasserstein Distance to quantify the similarity between boxes. …”
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EVALUATION OF THE WIDELY-USED EQUATIONS OF HYDRAULIC LOSS CALCULATION AND CALIBRATION OF THE HAZEN-WILLIAMS EQUATION IN DRIP IRRIGATION LATERALS by Sh. Shafaei, Gh. Zarei, K. Ebrahimi, Sh. Soleimani, M. Shamsi

“…In this case, the calculated hydraulic head loss is lower than the actual hydraulic head loss, and subsequently, the hydraulic pressure at the desired point will be lower than the required value. …”
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Functionality and disease severity in spinocerebellar ataxias by Geanison Castro da CRUZ, Marise Bueno ZONTA, Renato Puppi MUNHOZ, Neliana Maria de MELLO, Alex Tiburtino MEIRA, Maria Cristina de Alencar NUNES, Naiara Talita Guimarães ARANHA, Carlos Henrique Ferreira CAMARGO, Francisco Diego Negrão LOPES NETO, Hélio Afonso Ghizoni TEIVE

“…Objective: To evaluate the relationship between functional scales and ataxia severity in order to identify cutoff landmarks for functional loss and estimate the mean SARA (Scale for Assessment and Rating of Ataxia) score for the risk ratings for falls on the BBS (Berg Balance Scale). …”
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Inhibition of FAM19A5 reverses synaptic loss and cognitive decline in mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease by Han-Byul Kim, Sangjin Yoo, Hoyun Kwak, Shi-Xun Ma, Ryunhee Kim, Minhyeok Lee, Nui Ha, Soonil Pyo, Soon-Gu Kwon, Eun-Ho Cho, Sang-Myeong Lee, Juwon Jang, Won Kyum Kim, Hae-Chul Park, Minkyung Baek, Yosub Park, Ji-Young Park, Jin-Woo Park, Sun Wook Hwang, Jong-Ik Hwang, Jae Young Seong

“…Given that synaptic loss is a critical hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), elucidating the mechanisms involving FAM19A5 could provide valuable insights into reversing synaptic loss in AD. …”
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Complex I deficiency due to selective loss of Ndufs4 in the mouse heart results in severe hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. by Edward T Chouchani, Carmen Methner, Guido Buonincontri, Chou-Hui Hu, Angela Logan, Stephen J Sawiak, Michael P Murphy, Thomas Krieg

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Evaluating the effect of biological practices on the soil loss by remote sensing-based RUSLE model in Chikan and Morzian watershed by Roya Ghahremani, Ebrahim Omidvar, Siamak Dokhani

“…In this study, using the RUSLE model and based on remote sensing data, soil loss was estimated over 29 years at 4 time points (1992, 2003, 2017, and 2021). …”
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Basigin links altered skeletal stem cell lineage dynamics with glucocorticoid-induced bone loss and impaired angiogenesis by Thomas H. Ambrosi, David Morales, Kun Chen, Ethan J. Hunt, Kelly C. Weldon, Amber N. Maifeld, Fatima I. M. Chavez, Yuting Wang, Liming Zhao, Luke Wang, Matthew P. Murphy, Amin Cressman, Erika E. Wheeler, Augustine M. Saiz, J. Kent Leach, Fernando A. Fierro, Charles K. F. Chan, Nancy E. Lane

“…These findings provide therapeutic vantage points for GIOP and potentially other conditions associated with bone loss.…”
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Loss of RXFP2 and INSL3 genes in Afrotheria shows that testicular descent is the ancestral condition in placental mammals. by Virag Sharma, Thomas Lehmann, Heiko Stuckas, Liane Funke, Michael Hiller

“…The presence of remnants of once functional orthologs of both genes in these afrotherian species shows that these gene losses happened after the split from the placental mammal ancestor. …”
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Physics‐Guided Deep Learning for Modeling Single‐Point Wave Spectra Using Wind Inputs of Two Resolutions by Tianxiang Gao, Haoyu Jiang

“…A tailored network architecture and loss function are developed to capture the relevant information from both wind scales. …”
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Somatosensory Psychophysical Losses in Inhabitants of Riverside Communities of the Tapajós River Basin, Amazon, Brazil: Exposure to Methylmercury Is Possibly Involved. by Eliana Dirce Torres Khoury, Givago da Silva Souza, Carlos Araújo da Costa, Amélia Ayako Kamogari de Araújo, Cláudia Simone Baltazar de Oliveira, Luiz Carlos de Lima Silveira, Maria da Conceição Nascimento Pinheiro

“…A stopwatch recorded the vibration sensation duration. The two-point discrimination test was performed using a two-point discriminator. …”
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Investigation using single point incremental forming (SPIF) to fabricate patient-specific, titanium orbital floor implants by Mamros Elizabeth M., Blaha Lauren E., Kauffman Christian A.

“…The floor of the human orbit is composed of thin bone that is prone to traumatic fracture. This leads to a loss of support for the eye, which can cause vision changes. …”
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Total Hip Arthroplasty After Gunshot-Related Hip Injuries: Case Series and Review of LiteratureKey Points by Artsiom Abialevich, MD, Ilan Tzaytlin, MD, Asaf Acker, MD, Vadim Benkovich, MD

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Probabilistic oil price forecasting with a variational mode decomposition-gated recurrent unit model incorporating pinball loss by Zhesen Cui, Tian Li, Zhe Ding, Xi'an Li, Jinran Wu

“…To address the prediction uncertainty, we employed the pinball loss function rather than the mean square error to guide the proposed VMD-GRU. …”
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Spatial-Temporal Distribution Prediction of Charging Load of Electric Truck Cluster Considering Battery Loss Under Path Planning by CUI Jinghao, ZHANG Yi, ZHANG Zhichao, YU Yang

“…Second， a path planning model is constructed by using the charging cost of electric trucks and minimum cost of battery loss as the objective function， and a genetic algorithm is used to solve the path planning model according to the logistic order information to obtain dynamic paths. …”
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Consequences and Mechanisms of Noise‐Induced Cochlear Synaptopathy and Hidden Hearing Loss, With Focuses on Signal Perception in Noise and Temporal Processing by Hui Wang, Steven J Aiken, Jian Wang

“…The progress is summarized in this review to address the reversibility of the synaptic damage after the initial loss, and the role of functional deficit in the repaired synapses as the reason for hearing impairment in addition to the deafferentiation caused by the synaptic loss, per se. …”
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Complex Immune Contextures Characterise Malignant Peritoneal Mesothelioma: Loss of Adaptive Immunological Signature in the More Aggressive Histological Types by Marcella Tazzari, Silvia Brich, Alessandra Tuccitto, Fabio Bozzi, Valeria Beretta, Rosalin D. Spagnuolo, Tiziana Negri, Silvia Stacchiotti, Marcello Deraco, Dario Baratti, Chiara Camisaschi, Antonello Villa, Barbara Vergani, Licia Rivoltini, Silvana Pilotti, Chiara Castelli

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Functional safety of traction railway rolling stock by V. A. Kuchumov, R. V. Murzin, N. B. Nikiforova, M. S. Khazov, A. A. Akishin

“…Electric locomotive is considered from the point of functional safety, as well as its structural scheme which is used to carry out necessary checks. …”
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Robust Low-Overlap Point Cloud Registration via Displacement-Corrected Geometric Consistency for Enhanced 3D Sensing by Xin Wang, Qingguang Li

“…Furthermore, a novel displacement loss function was developed to effectively constrain the geometric distribution of corrected point-pairs. …”
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A techno‐economic model for enhancing PV hosting capacity through capabilities of smart inverters and soft open points by Rezvaneh Golnazari, Saeed Hasanzadeh, Ehsan Heydarian‐Forushani, Hamid Reza Sezavar, Navid Fahimi

“…Abstract The hosting capacity of solar photovoltaics (PVs) in the distribution network can be impacted by the violation of power flow constraints such as power loss, voltage, and line loadings. In this paper, a planning structure based on optimal PV placement and optimal operation of the smart inverters and soft open point (SOP) is proposed in order to investigate the loss of power, voltage profiles, line loadings and total operation cost of the distribution system. …”
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New concept for the value function of prospect theory by Kazuo Sano

“…In prospect theory, the value function is typically concave for gains and convex for losses, with losses usually having a steeper slope than gains. …”
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