Transition characteristics and driving mechanisms of different types of rural settlements in plain agricultural areas by QU Yanbo, HE Xinhan, DONG Xiaozhen, LIU Chunqiang, YANG Yong, LI Yuanchao

“…[Objective] Exploring the transformation characteristics of rural settlements can enrich the research system of land use transformation and is of great significance for promoting the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas and the reconstruction of rural space. [Methods] Based on the differential manifestations of rural at the regional and village scales, This paper systematically analyzed the morphological characteristics, transformation process, and driving mechanisms of rural settlements from both the “point” and “plane” perspectives, furthermore, a comparative study was conducted on four typical villages in Fangsi Town, Yucheng City, the plain agricultural area in Shandong Province: urban-rural integrated, agglomeration-enhanced, characteristic development, and preservation-improvement types. …”
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Gender differences in cognitive benefits of meeting physical activity guidelines in older Chinese adults by Wang Li, Peiyou Chen, Aiyun Jiang, Fan Zhang, Zhijian Wu

“…We hypothesize that meeting physical activity guidelines is positively associated with cognitive function and that the magnitude of this association differs between men and women.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study involving 308 community-dwelling older adults in Nanjing, China (mean age = 68.4 years, SD = 5.6). …”
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Dynamic overmodulation strategy based on torque and flux optimal tracking for DTC‐SVM of surface‐mounted PMSM drives by Peihe Li, Anwen Shen, Qipeng Tang, Xin Luo, Jinbang Xu

“…Therefore, to enhance the system tracking performance in the overmodulation region, an innovative overmodulation method based on torque and flux optimal tracking is proposed. …”
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Research on Spread Spectrum Codes Optimized by Sparrow Search Algorithm and Extreme Gradient Boosting by LIANG Zhiru, BIAN Dongming, ZHANG Gengxin

“…【Results】By comparing conventional peak detection and decision tree classification methods at different signal-to-noise ratios and comparing the classification accuracy of different sequence periods, the simulation results show that the spread code identification and classification method optimized by SSA with XGBOOST after preprocessing has a higher classification and identification success rate than conventional machine learning and peak detection methods. …”
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Critical Literature Review of Bone Grafts and Orthobiologics for Foot and Ankle Arthrodesis to Facilitate Optimal Clinical Decision Making by Ashley Knight PhD, Eric W. Tan MD, Ioanna W. Bolia-Kavouklis MD

“…The purpose of this review was to summarize the available clinical evidence surrounding the utilization and efficacy of the various materials and biological agents [autologous (autograft), allogenic bone graft (allograft), demineralized bone matrix (DBM), calcium sulfate, calcium phosphate, tricalcium phosphate/hydroxyapatite, recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein -2 (rhBMP-2) or recombinant human platelet derived growth factor-BB (rhPDGF-BB)], and preparations (platelet-rich plasma or concentrated bone marrow aspirate) to promote bone healing in hindfoot and ankle procedures, with emphasis on the quality of the existing evidence to facilitate optimal clinical decision making. Methods: A literature review was performed on MEDLINE, SCOPUS, PubMed, and Google Scholar. …”
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RRT-Based Optimizer: A Novel Metaheuristic Algorithm Based on Rapidly-Exploring Random Trees Algorithm by Guang-Jin Lai, Tao Li, Bao-Jun Shi

“…Consequently, new optimization methods are required. Inspired by the search mechanism of the Rapidly-exploring Random Trees (RRT) algorithm commonly used in robot path planning, we propose a novel metaheuristic algorithm called RRT-based Optimizer (RRTO). …”
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Two-Stage Distributionally Robust Optimal Scheduling for Integrated Energy Systems Considering Uncertainties in Renewable Generation and Loads by Keyong Hu, Qingqing Yang, Lei Lu, Yu Zhang, Shuifa Sun, Ben Wang

“…To further manage uncertainties, a distributionally robust optimization (DRO) approach is introduced. This method uses 1-norm and ∞-norm constraints to define an ambiguity set of probability distributions, thereby restricting the fluctuation range of probability distributions, mitigating the impact of deviations on optimization results, and achieving a balance between robustness and economic efficiency in the optimization process. …”
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Differences in In‐Hospital and Post‐Discharge Ischemic Stroke Care According to Prestroke Functional Status by Paul M. Wechsler, Eva A. Mistry, Heidi Sucharew, David J. Robinson, Robert Stanton, Felipe de los Rios La Rosa, Jason Mackey, Simona Ferioli, Stacie L. Demel, Elisheva R. Coleman, Adam Jasne, Sabreena Slavin, Kyle B. Walsh, Michael Star, Mary Haverbusch, Kathleen Alwell, Daniel Woo, Dawn O. Kleindorfer, Brett M. Kissela

“…Methods We ascertained all adult patients (≥18 years) hospitalized with acute ischemic stroke within the Greater Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky population between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2015. …”
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High-Precision Phenotyping in Soybeans: Applying Multispectral Variables Acquired at Different Phenological Stages by Celí Santana Silva, Dthenifer Cordeiro Santana, Fábio Henrique Rojo Baio, Ana Carina da Silva Cândido Seron, Rita de Cássia Félix Alvarez, Larissa Pereira Ribeiro Teodoro, Carlos Antônio da Silva Junior, Paulo Eduardo Teodoro

“…This reinforces that the use of different specific spectra for each model can enhance accuracy, optimizing the choice of model according to the phenological stage of the plants.…”
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Testing linearity of CT System and Contrast Volume Tailoring for Optimal Hounsfield Units: A Theoretical and Experimental Study by Anahita Jafari, Fariba Zarei, Hamidreza Masjedi, Samira Moshiri, Vyas Akondi, Sabyasachi Chatterjee, Rezvan Ravanfar Haghighi

“…This aims to determine the iodine concentration thresholds for achieving effective contrasts with minimal iodine usage. Materials and Methods: Aqueous solutions of Iopaque, with 300mgI/mL of iodine, were prepared for different weight/weight ( ) iodine concentrations and filled in a water-pool phantom, and the  observations were taken at different kVps for 10 different CT machines. …”
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Fermented palm kernel waste with different sugars as substrate for black soldier fly larvae by R.A. Nugroho, R. Aryani, E.H. Hardi, H. Manurung, R. Rudianto, W.N. Jati

“…Some of this waste, such as palm kernel meal, has not been fully optimized for processing. Therefore, this study sought to determine whether fermented palm kernel meal with various types of sugar (fructose, glucose, maltose, and sucrose) added could be utilized as a substrate for black soldier fly larvae.METHODS: This study investigated the use of fermented palm kernel meal with various types of sugar added at a proportion of five per cent as a substrate for black soldier fly larvae. …”
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Topology optimization of multi-material acoustic metamaterials for low-frequency and broadband sound absorption by Feifei Feng, Lei Diao, Chuan He, Meng Tao

“…This paper uses a non-gradient topology optimization method for designing multi-material acoustic metamaterials with low-frequency and broadband sound absorption performance. …”
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Optimal sleep time controller based on traffic prediction and residual energy in duty-cycled wireless sensor networks by Haibo Luo, Minghua He, Zhiqiang Ruan, Xiaxia Zeng

“…In this article, we investigate the trade-off between energy consumption and latency and formulate them into a multi-objective optimization problem. By applying the single exponential smoothing method, we estimate the amount of data of next period and design two optimal sleep time controllers according to time scheduling model of network, so as to dynamically adjust the duty cycle of end node. …”
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Prevalence of iron deficiency in acute and chronic heart failure according to different clinical definitions by Lukas Lanser, Gerhard Pölzl, Moritz Messner, Maria Ungericht, Marc‐Michael Zaruba, Jakob Hirsch, Stefan Hechenberger, Stefan Obersteiner, Bernhard Koller, David Haschka, Hanno Ulmer, Guenter Weiss

“…The aim of this analysis was to assess the true ID prevalence in HF patients on the basis of different ID definitions. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of 329 AHF and 613 CHF patients, recruited between 02/2021 and 05/2022 at the Innsbruck Medical University (47%/32% female, median age 81/64 years). …”
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Enhancing Treatment Efficiency: Investigating the Optimal Segment Width in Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy for Prostate Cancer Management by Gleetus Thimothy, Mary Joan, Anuj Vijay

“…Context: The minimum segment width (MSW) is a critical element in designing optimal apertures and creating segments of various sizes and shapes in radiation treatment planning. …”
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Optimal operation for hybrid AC and DC systems under typhoon disaster considering branch switching and frequency security by Changfeng Liao, Li He, Zhuangxi Tan, Bin Xie, Yong Li, Chaoyang Chen, Yijia Cao

“…To address this issue, this paper proposes an optimal operation method for hybrid AC/DC systems with voltage source converters (VSCs) during extreme events. …”
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Stem introducer designs and surgical technique play a significant role in achieving the optimal implant-cement interface by Bernard H. van Duren, Kevin Ilo, Sophie Walker, Mark Higgins, Benjamin V. Bloch, Andrew R. Manktelow, Hemant G. Pandit

“…The aim of this study was to assess movement when using different introducer designs. Methods: We compared four stem introducer designs used with two commonly used PTS stems. …”
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Optimization of temperature parameters for screening unexpected antibodies in Rh system by manual polybrene test by ZOU Xin, CHEN Minjie, MA Sifei, YANG Hongmei

“…[Methods] The reaction of IgG human anti-D antibody with different dilutions (undiluted, 1∶2, 1∶4, 1∶8, 1∶16, 1∶32，1∶64) with D antigen-positive red blood cells was detected by manual polybrene test (MPT). …”
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Representation Enhancement-Based Proximal Policy Optimization for UAV Path Planning and Obstacle Avoidance by Xiangxiang Huang, Wei Wang, Zhaokang Ji, Bin Cheng

“…Compared to other methods, our method achieves a faster convergence during training and demonstrates a higher success rate and a lower rate of timeout and collision during inference. …”
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Sensitivity analysis of reliability constrained, eco optimal solar, wind, hydrogen storage based islanded power system by Nishant Thakkar, Priyanka Paliwal, Deepa Kaliyaperumal, V. Ravikumar Pandi, Narayan Prasad Gupta, Marco Merlo

“…The optimal sizing is attained through a metaheuristic optimization method called Butterfly-PSO. …”
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