Multi-gate neuron-like transistors based on ensembles of aligned nanowires on flexible substrates by João Neto, Abhishek Singh Dahiya, Ravinder Dahiya

“…This is particularly attractive when one considers the huge data produced by large number of sensors expected in a large area e-skin such as the whole-body skin of a robot. This underlines the need for biological skin like processing in the e-skin. …”
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Soilless Cultivation: Precise Nutrient Provision and Growth Environment Regulation Under Different Substrates by Arezigu Tuxun, Yue Xiang, Yang Shao, Jung Eek Son, Mina Yamada, Satoshi Yamada, Kotaro Tagawa, Bateer Baiyin, Qichang Yang

“…This review shows that solid and non-solid substrate cultivation improves resource utilization efficiency and yield, but substrate sustainability and technical cost need urgent attention. …”
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Toward an Internet of Things Circular Economy Using Printed Circuits on Reusable Steel Substrates by Jeff Kettle, Rudra Mukherjee, Shoushou Zhang, Tianwei Zhang, Jonathan Harwell, Andrew Bainbridge, Mahmoud Wagih, Ana Martinez Diez, MariFe Menendez Suarez, Pascal Sanchez

“…Abstract There is a pressing need to reduce electronic waste, which along with government edicts and national time‐bound policy directives are shaping the drive toward circular economy solutions in electronics. …”
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The formin FMNL2 plays a role in the response of melanoma cells to substrate stiffness by Joshua D. Clugston, Sarah Fox, James L. Harden, John W. Copeland

“…This work highlights the need to study metastatic cell behaviour on substrates with biologically relevant properties and provides the foundation for future effort to determine the mechanism by which FMNL2 participates in the melanoma cell response to substrate stiffness.…”
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Molecular determinants of substrate specificity in the efflux pump CraA from Acinetobacter baumannii by Wuen Ee Foong, Xinxin Xiang, Klaas M. Pos, Heng-Keat Tam

“…To address the molecular basis of substrate polyspecificity mediated by multidrug MFS transporters, we compared the substrate binding modes of A. baumannii CraA with its well-studied homolog, Escherichia coli MdfA. …”
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Pemrosesan Sinyal Data Sub-bottom Profiler Substrat Dasar Perairan Selat Lembeh by Steven Solikin, Henry M. Manik, Sri Pujiyati, Susilohadi Susilohadi

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SERS Sensors with Bio-Derived Substrates Under the Way to Agricultural Monitoring of Pesticide Residues by Kseniya V. Serebrennikova, Nadezhda S. Komova, Anatoly V. Zherdev, Boris B. Dzantiev

“…This review focuses on the current developments of biocompatible SERS substrates based on natural materials with unique micro/nanostructures, flexible SERS substrates based on biopolymers, as well as functionalized SERS substrates, which are close to the current needs and requirements of agricultural product quality control and environmental safety assessment. …”
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Using different organic wastes as growing substrate for the production of crop seedlings - An exploratory study by Seyed Ali Ghaffari Nejad, Seyed Majid Mousavi

“…However, more research on its application for different crops and under various conditions is needed to approve the results of this study. Research Highlights • A relatively higher shoot dry weight of corn and cotton seedlings is produced in tea waste compost compared to other substrates…”
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Recirculation intervals of nutrient solution in hydroponic acclimatization of banana seedlings by Iumi da S. Toyosumi, Tibério S. M. da Silva, Tales M. Soares, Maurício A. Coelho Filho

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The catabolic nature of fermentative substrates influences proteomic rewiring in Escherichia coli under anoxic growth by Huda Momin, Deepti Appukuttan, K. V. Venkatesh

“…Abstract Background During anaerobic batch fermentation of substrates by Escherichia coli, there is a decline in cell proliferation rates and a huge demand is placed on cellular proteome to cater to its catabolic and anabolic needs under anoxic growth. …”
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Targeting differential energy substrate metabolism on a therapeutic ketogenic diet: a case report by Kasey J. Russell, Sarah E. O. Schwartz

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Impact of Substrate Dielectric Constant on Performance of 2.4 GHz Microstrip Patch Antenna Array by iyad Alumari, Muhanad D. Hashim Almawlawe, Zainab Al-Araji, V.G. Saitkulov

“… In recent years, arrays have been widely used in many applications, especially those applications that need high guidance, whether in military, medical, or other applications. …”
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Influence of Substrate connection on dynamic-RON drift of 650 V packaged GaN HEMTs by M. Cioni, G. Giorgino, G. Cappellini, A. Chini, C. Miccoli, M.E. Castagna, A. Abbisogni, A. Contarino, F.A. Pizzardi, S. Smerzi, F. Iucolano

“…This provides a physical explanation for the need to short-circuit Substrate and Source terminals under switch-mode operations.…”
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Molecular surface coverage standards by reference-free GIXRF supporting SERS and SEIRA substrate benchmarking by Cara Eleonora, Hönicke Philipp, Kayser Yves, Beckhoff Burkhard, Giovannozzi Andrea M., Klapetek Petr, Zoccante Alberto, Cossi Maurizio, Tay Li-Lin, Boarino Luca, Ferrarese Lupi Federico

“…However, limited synchrotron radiation access hinders widespread use, prompting the need for molecular surface density standards, especially for benchmarking substrates for surface-enhanced Raman and infrared absorption spectroscopies (SERS and SEIRA) as well as associated surface-enhanced techniques. …”
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Plant Uptake of Arsenic, Cadmium, and Lead by Hemp, Mustard, and Kale Grown in Coconut Coir Substrate by Harrison A. Meekins, Paul R. Fisher, Jonathan D. Judy, Kevin M. Folta

“…Heavy metals have been found in greenhouse substrates, including peat and coconut coir, and are commonly used in hemp production, which underscores the need to evaluate the risk of HM contamination of hemp from these production inputs. …”
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Effects of different substrates on growth and quality of “Muscat of Alexandria” grape under root system control by Yang Xia, He Shuiping, Lu Meidan, Pei Qingsong, Jia Huijuan

“…To diagnose this problem and produce safe grape to meet the need of high quality and food safety, “Muscat of Alexandria” (Vitis vinifera) was used as the experimental materials and cultivated in Changxing district of Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province.Two kinds of substrates were carried out: One was organic substrate [V (peat)∶V (compost)∶V (vermiculite)=4∶1∶1], and the other was half organic substrate [V(soil)∶V(organic substrate)=1 ∶1], and soil was taken as a control. …”
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Structural convergence and water-mediated substrate mimicry enable broad neuraminidase inhibition by human antibodies by Julia Lederhofer, Andrew J. Borst, Lam Nguyen, Rebecca A. Gillespie, Connor J. Williams, Emma L. Walker, Julie E. Raab, Christina Yap, Daniel Ellis, Adrian Creanga, Hyon-Xhi Tan, Thi H. T. Do, Michelle Ravichandran, Adrian B. McDermott, Valerie Le Sage, Sarah F. Andrews, Barney S. Graham, Adam K. Wheatley, Douglas S. Reed, Neil P. King, Masaru Kanekiyo

“…The imminent threat of a panzootic outbreak of avian influenza H5N1 virus underscores the urgent need for pandemic preparedness and effective countermeasures, including monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). …”
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Revealing the Origin and Nature of the Buried Metal‐Substrate Interface Layer in Ta/Sapphire Superconducting Films by Aswin k. Anbalagan, Rebecca Cummings, Chenyu Zhou, Junsik Mun, Vesna Stanic, Jean Jordan‐Sweet, Juntao Yao, Kim Kisslinger, Conan Weiland, Dmytro Nykypanchuk, Steven L. Hulbert, Qiang Li, Yimei Zhu, Mingzhao Liu, Peter V. Sushko, Andrew L. Walter, Andi M. Barbour

“…Abstract Despite constituting a smaller fraction of the qubit's electromagnetic mode, surfaces and interfaces can exert significant influence as sources of high‐loss tangents, which brings forward the need to reveal properties of these extended defects and identify routes to their control. …”
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Robust substrate profiling method reveals striking differences in specificities of serum and lung fluid proteases by Douglas S. Watson, Kalyani Jambunathan, David S. Askew, Krishna Kodukula, Amit K. Galande

“…Sensitive and robust techniques are needed to quantify proteolytic activities within the complex biological milieu. …”
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The seeds’ substrate: a concept to understand how transformations toward Good Anthropocenes can be enabled by Ignacio Gianelli, Micaela Trimble, Silvana Juri, Laura M Pereira, Blanca González-Mon, Sebastian Villasante

“…To this end, we introduce a novel concept, the seeds’ substrate, to characterize: (1) the relationships among a network of seeds, (2) the support needed for seeds to appropriately scale and coalesce, and (3) the actors that enable and provide support. …”
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