CAPTCHA Recognition Method Based on CNN with Focal Loss by Zhong Wang, Peibei Shi

“…For this reason, the paper proposes a CAPTCHA recognition method based on convolutional neural network with focal loss function. This method improves the traditional VGG network structure and introduces the focal loss function to generate a new CAPTCHA recognition model. …”
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Vibrational spectra for an extended cosine hyperbolic type potential model by C.A. Onate, Ituen B. Okon, E.S. Eyube, E. Omugbe, E.S. William, A.D. Ahmed, E.P. Inyang

“…The radial Schrödinger equation is solved for an extension of a cosine hyperbolic type potential using the parametric Nikiforov-Uvarov method to obtain the energy equation and wave function. Using the condition of the diatomic molecular potential function, the screening parameter was calculated to suit the computations for different molecules. …”
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TACO: Adversarial Camouflage Optimization on Trucks to Fool Object Detectors by Adonisz Dimitriu, Tamás Vilmos Michaletzky, Viktor Remeli

“…Adopting Unreal Engine 5, TACO integrates differentiable rendering with a Photorealistic Rendering Network to optimize adversarial textures targeted at YOLOv8. To ensure the generated textures are both effective in deceiving detectors and visually plausible, we introduce the Convolutional Smooth Loss function, a generalized smooth loss function. …”
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Large language models for efficient whole-organ MRI score-based reports and categorization in knee osteoarthritis by Yuxue Xie, Zhonghua Hu, Hongyue Tao, Yiwen Hu, Haoyu Liang, Xinmin Lu, Lei Wang, Xiangwen Li, Shuang Chen

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Adaptive Bayesian Nonparametric Regression via Stationary Smoothness Priors by Justin L. Tobias

“…Point estimates from the nonparametric methods suggest (a) expected achievement declines monotonically with a behavioral problems index (BPI) score and (b) the rate of decline is relatively flat at the left tail of the BPI distribution and then becomes sharply more negative.…”
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THE PRIVATISATION AND THE ECONOMICAL ENVIRONMENT OF ARGES COUNTY by Cristina, CHIRIAC

“…The privatisation process has generated over time a lot of controversial opinions of the specialists. …”
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The Fracturing of the Poetic Ego in the Verse of Joan Salvat-Papasseit and Vicent Andrés Estellés by Dominic Keown

“…In Estellés the diagnosis is more severe, offering clear indications of schizophrenia. …”
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AFMF: adaptive fusion of multi-hop neighborhood features in graph convolutional network by Kang Liu, Xinyu Li, Lian Liu, Zhihao Xv, Aohang Pei, Runshi Ji

“…The cross entropy loss function drives the network to preserve critical information. …”
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A modification of Jacobson et al.'s (1997) individual branch‐antlered male method for censusing white‐tailed deer by Mark Weckel, Robert F. Rockwell, Frank Secret

“…For each sex–age group, we evaluated RPO as a function of TS using linear regression to generate photographic counts standardized by TS (standardized photographic occurrences [SPO]). …”
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L’intuition dans l’apprentissage et l’emploi d’une langue étrangère : pourquoi la notion est-elle importante ? by Wioletta Piegzik

“…The study focuses on the evaluative function of intuition linked to the rapid judgment of the grammatical correctness of sentences and the compensation function, which involves the immediate inference of the meaning of unknown lexical units from the context. …”
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Geometric entropies and their Hamiltonian flows by Xi Dong, Donald Marolf, Pratik Rath

“…When higher derivative corrections are included, the role of the area is instead played by a more general functional known as the geometric entropy. …”
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Epidemiology and hospitalization costs of chronic kidney disease in Romania by Ildiko Aliz Bradacs, László-István Bába, László Lorenzovici, Andreea Mihaela Precup, Szabolcs Farkas- Ráduly, Gyongyi Tar, Vasile Nastase, Lucia Georgeta Daina, Raul Bozu, Gyula Jozsef Nagy, Dimitrie Cristian Siriopol, Dorel Sandesc, Ovidiu Horea Bedreag, Florin Buicu, Gabriel Mircescu, Gener Ismail

“…Abstract Background Chronic kidney disease or chronic renal failure is a progressive condition defined as abnormalities of kidney structure or function, present for longer than 3 months. It is estimated to affect more than 10% of the general population worldwide. …”
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Sucla2 Knock‐Out in Skeletal Muscle Yields Mouse Model of Mitochondrial Myopathy With Muscle Type–Specific Phenotypes by Makayla S. Lancaster, Paul Hafen, Andrew S. Law, Catalina Matias, Timothy Meyer, Kathryn Fischer, Marcus Miller, Chunhai Hao, Patrick Gillespie, David McKinzie, Jeffrey J. Brault, Brett H. Graham

“…Physiological and morphological analyses of hindlimb muscles showed remarkable differences in ex vivo function and cellular consequences between the EDL and SOL muscles, with SOL muscles significantly more impacted by Sucla2 inactivation. …”
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From Density to Efficiency: Exploring Urban Building Use Efficiency in 35 Large Chinese Cities by Tingting He, Shanshan Cao, Youpeng Lu, Maoxin Zhang, Andong Guo, Boyu Liu

“…Second, in cities in the western and northeastern areas, a smaller amount of urban function was generated per unit of newly constructed building volume, indicating that newly increased buildings are less efficient. …”
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Notes on Whitehead space of an algebra by M. Arian-Nejad

“…Let R be a ring, and denote by [R,R] the group generated additively by the additive commutators of R. …”
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Stem Cells as a Tool to Improve Outcomes of Islet Transplantation by Emily Sims, Carmella Evans-Molina

“…Stem cells have been utilized not only as a functional replacement for β cells, but also as companion or supportive cells to address a variety of different obstacles that prevent ideal graft viability and function. …”
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Analysis of Drag Torque Characteristic of Hydro-viscous Clutch with Consideration of Cavitation Effect by Sun Chunlian

“…The results show that the velocity distribution is inhomogeneous,and the fluid with the same direction of rotation has high velocity and has the function of diversion. The cavitation occurs in the intersection of the groove,the higher the speed,the larger the film thickness,the more the cavitation phenomenon. …”
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Neural stem cell heterogeneity in adult hippocampus by Ziqi Liang, Nuomeng Jin, Weixiang Guo

“…Recently, more and more studies have shown that rather than being a homogeneous population of identical cells, adult NSCs are composed of multiple subpopulations that differ in their morphology and function. …”
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Tinnitus and cardiovascular disease: the population-based Tromsø Study (2015–2016) by Laila A Hopstock, Bo Engdahl, Norun Hjertager Krog, Bente Oftedal, Jannike Heyerdahl-Larsen Ausland, Magnar Johnsen

“…We used three separate tinnitus variables as exposures in analyses: (1) ‘tinnitus status’, measured with the question ‘During the last 12 months, have you experienced ringing in your ears lasting more than five min?’; (2) ‘tinnitus symptom intensity’, generated as a function of tinnitus frequentness and tinnitus bother; and (3) ‘tinnitus bother’, analysed only among participants with tinnitus. …”
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Co-Design of a Health Screening Program Fact Sheet by People Experiencing Homelessness and ChatGPT: Focus Group Study by Nóra Radó, Orsolya Németh, Sándor Békási

“…They shared their insights on how to make the text variants more appealing for the target audience. Moreover, the involvement of generative AI technology revealed that the participants have heard about the concept of AI and text generation as a potential function, and they have not rejected its use in health care settings.…”
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