Lipocalin prostaglandin D synthase and PPARγ2 coordinate to regulate carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in vivo. by Sam Virtue, Mojgan Masoodi, Vidya Velagapudi, Chong Yew Tan, Martin Dale, Tapani Suorti, Marc Slawik, Margaret Blount, Keith Burling, Mark Campbell, Naomi Eguchi, Gema Medina-Gomez, Jaswinder K Sethi, Matej Orešič, Yoshihiro Urade, Julian L Griffin, Antonio Vidal-Puig

“…To determine if induction of L-PGDS was compensating for a lack of PPARγ2, we crossed L-PGDS KO mice to PPARγ2 KO mice to generate Double Knock Out mice (DKO). Using DKO mice we demonstrated a requirement of L-PGDS for maintenance of subcutaneous WAT (scWAT) function. …”
Get full text

Supervised optimal control in complex continuous systems with trajectory imitation and reinforcement learning by Yingjun Liu, Fuchun Liu, Renwei Huang

“…Reinforcement learning (RL) automatically learns complex decisions through trial and error, but it requires the design of precise reward functions combined with domain knowledge. For complex scenarios where the reward function cannot be achieved or is only with sparse rewards, we proposed a novel supervised optimal control framework based on trajectory imitation (TI) and reinforcement learning (RL) in this paper. …”
Get full text

Pre Hoc and Co Hoc Explainability: Frameworks for Integrating Interpretability into Machine Learning Training for Enhanced Transparency and Performance by Cagla Acun, Olfa Nasraoui

“…Pre hoc uses the white-box model to regularize the black-box model, while co hoc jointly optimizes both models with a shared loss function. We extend these frameworks to generate instance-specific explanations using Jensen–Shannon divergence as a regularization term. …”
Get full text

Predicting the Behavior of Road Users in Rural Areas for Self-Driving Cars by S. A. Ivanov, B. Rasheed

“…Another proposed feature is to use an adapted loss function that penalizes the network for generating trajectories that go beyond the drivable area. …”
Get full text

Workbench for a Parabolic Trough Solar Collector with a Tracking System by Luciano A. Fiamonzini, Gustavo A. R. Rivas, Oswaldo H. Ando Junior

“…One of the most mature and internationally known technologies is the parabolic trough solar collector (PTSC), which has several applications, such as electricity generation, desalination, steam generation, and refrigeration systems, among others. …”
Get full text

Tea Plant/<i>Ophiopogon japonicus</i> Intercropping Drives the Reshaping of Soil Microbial Communities in Terraced Tea Plantation’s Micro-Topographical Units by Yangxin Li, Le Sun, Jialin Zhang, Hongxue Zhao, Tejia Su, Wenhui Li, Linkun Wu, Pumo Cai, Christopher Rensing, Yuanping Li, Jianming Zhang, Feiquan Wang, Qisong Li

“…Functional annotations revealed that nitrogen cycling functions were particularly enhanced in inter-row soils, while carbon cycling functions were more prominent on the terrace surface and wall. …”
Get full text

Genome-Wide Identification of Alternative Splicing in <i>Botrytis cinerea</i> During Infection Stage of <i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> by Ping Lu, Yun Wang, Xiaoli Wang, Jiaqi Wang, Dan Wang, Haojie Shi

“…A total of 3308 genes underwent alternative splicing in <i>B. cinerea</i>, resulting in 7466 alternative splicing events, most of which were stage-specific. Transcripts generated through alternative splicing typically exhibit lower expression levels, coding potential, and functional domains, which are more prevalent during the hyphal phase compared to the infestation phase. …”
Get full text

TCDE: Differential Evolution for Topographical Contour-Based Prediction to Solve Multimodal Optimization Problems by Zhen Cheng, Yun Zhang, Caifu Fan, Xingwei Gao, Haohan Jia, Lei Jiang

“…Experiments were conducted on a set of eight widely recognized benchmark functions with 15 excellent optimization algorithms, including both DE and non-DE multimodal optimization approaches. …”
Get full text

Evaluation of the effectiveness of a modified liposuction protective device: an experimental study in swine by Luiz Roberto Reis Araújo, Marcelo de Paula Loureiro; Bruno Hirt, Gabriela Sgrance Cruz, Luigia Maria Nardi Santos, Mateus Herculano Bonifácio Santos

“…The cutaneous liposuction protective device prototype presented easy handling and a more efficient skin locking mechanism than the model used. …”
Get full text

RP-KGC: A Knowledge Graph Completion Model Integrating Rule-Based Knowledge for Pretraining and Inference by Wenying Guo, Shengdong Du, Jie Hu, Fei Teng, Yan Yang, Tianrui Li

“…This enables the language model to capture more deep semantic information while the loss function reconstructs the structure of the knowledge graph. …”
Get full text

A customized image editing framework for diverse prohibited and restricted products in illegal online transactions by Wenjin Liu, Jingyu Zou, Shudong Zhang, Ning Luo, Haoming Liu

“…This framework integrates three novel components: (1) a PR-adapter that optimizes image prompts through image augmentation and compression representation techniques; (2) a text description generator combining the CLIP model and a multimodal large language model (MobileVLM) to generate more precise textual descriptions of images; and (3) an image generator, including a new loss function designed to fine-tune the stable diffusion model, enabling a better understanding of text semantics and generating images that more closely align with the textual descriptions. …”
Get full text

Low Dose BCG Infection as a Model for Macrophage Activation Maintaining Cell Viability by Leslie Chávez-Galán, Dominique Vesin, Denis Martinvalet, Irene Garcia

“…Mycobacterium bovis BCG, the current vaccine against tuberculosis, is ingested by macrophages promoting the development of effector functions including cell death and microbicidal mechanisms. …”
Get full text

Dynamic multidimensional pressure deformation in the waist-abdomen region of young women by Xing Zheng, Xiaoyun Liu, Yunyun Hu, Yuqing Shi, Mengyun Zhang, Jun Zhang

“…Notably, the skin’s vertical deformations are more significant when sitting, with clothing pressure playing a significant role in the elastic deformation of the waist-abdomen. …”
Get full text

LANGUAGE SPACE OF NEURAL NETWORKS: FEATURES AND DIFFERENCES FROM NATURAL LANGUAGE by Natalia B. Egorchenkova, Olga V. Korobova

“…Modern society is developing in a world of information overload and digitalization, which has led to a need for artificial intelligence (AI) to help analyze and process information more efficiently. Most AI models use natural language processing, and while they can imitate human speech, they generate texts based on templates set by humans. …”
Get full text

Widespread Reassortment Shapes the Evolution and Epidemiology of Bluetongue Virus following European Invasion. by Kyriaki Nomikou, Joseph Hughes, Rachael Wash, Paul Kellam, Emmanuel Breard, Stéphan Zientara, Massimo Palmarini, Roman Biek, Peter Mertens

“…This points to selective constraints possibly caused by functional relationships between individual proteins or genome segments and genome-wide epistatic interactions. …”
Get full text

KrillDB: A de novo transcriptome database for the Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba). by Gabriele Sales, Bruce E Deagle, Enrica Calura, Paolo Martini, Alberto Biscontin, Cristiano De Pittà, So Kawaguchi, Chiara Romualdi, Bettina Meyer, Rodolfo Costa, Simon Jarman

“…In particular, we have built a de novo transcriptome assembly using more than 360 million Illumina sequence reads generated from larval krill including individuals subjected to different CO2 levels. …”
Get full text

Coordinated Multimodal Transportation Infrastructure Planning in Megacities: An Agent-AI-Discrete Network Design Problem Approach Based on Chat-GPT by Jin Guo, Chenyang Wang, Linxiu Wang

“…AA-DNDP extends the traditional DNDP by incorporating mode-choice functionality. In each simulation iteration, the Agent-AI calls Chat-GPT via API, using the attributes of the origin and destination as prompts to generate a mode choice. …”
Get full text

Negative BOLD fMRI response in the visual cortex carries precise stimulus-specific information. by David Bressler, Nicole Spotswood, David Whitney

“…Sustained positive BOLD (blood oxygen level-dependent) activity is employed extensively in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies as evidence for task or stimulus-specific neural responses. …”
Get full text

Roles of ATM and ATR-mediated DNA damage responses during lytic BK polyomavirus infection. by Mengxi Jiang, Linbo Zhao, Monica Gamez, Michael J Imperiale

“…These results indicate that induction of the DDR by BKPyV is critical for productive infection, and that one of the functions of the DDR is to minimize the DNA damage which is generated during BKPyV infection.…”
Get full text

Comparison of two different protocols for the induction of maturation of human dendritic cells in vitro by Čolić Miodrag J., Mojsilović Slavko, Pavlović Bojan, Vučićević Dragana, Majstorović Ivana, Bufan Biljana, Stojić-Vukanić Zorica, Vasilijić Saša, Vučević Dragana, Gašić Sonja, Balint Bela J.

“…For that purpose, optimal conditions for the generation of functionally mature DC in vitro are required. …”
Get full text