Nicotine promotes M2 macrophage polarization through α5-nAChR/SOX2/CSF-1 axis in lung adenocarcinoma by Guiyu Kang, Hui Song, Lei Bo, Qi Liu, Qiang Li, Jingtan Li, Pan Pan, Jingting Wang, Yanfei Jia, Haiji Sun, Xiaoli Ma

“…Through diverse bioinformatics analyses and immunohistochemistry, the expressions of α5-nAChR and SOX2 as well as their relations were dissected. α5-nAChR regulated the differentiation of monocytes into M2 macrophages by targeting the STAT3/SOX2/CSF-1 signaling in the coculture system by western blotting and ChIP. α5-nAChR-mediated macrophage-mediated LUAD cell migration via SOX2/CSF-1 signaling in the cocultured medium. …”
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Monitoring of immune activation using biochemical changes in a porcine model of cardiac arrest by Anton Amann, Bernhard Widner, Josef Rieder, Herwig Antretter, Georg Hoffmann, Viktoria Mayr, Hans-Ulrich Strohmenger, Dietmar Fuchs

“…In animal models, immune activation is often difficult to assess because of the limited availability of specific assays to detect cytokine activities. In human monocytes/macrophages, interferon-γ induces increased production of neopterin and an enhanced activity of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, which degrades tryptophan via the kynurenine pathway. …”
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High Serum Asprosin Levels Are Associated with Presence of Metabolic Syndrome by Tao Hong, Jiao-Yang Li, Ya-Di Wang, Xiao-Yan Qi, Zhe-Zhen Liao, Poonam Bhadel, Li Ran, Jing Yang, Bin Yan, Jiang-Hua Liu, Xin-Hua Xiao

“…In all studied subjects, serum asprosin levels were positively correlated with body mass index, waist circumference, triglycerides, fasting plasma glucose, 2-hour plasma glucose, fasting insulin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index, interleukin-6, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P<0.05). …”
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Disease resistance traits of IPB-D2 chickens: Characterization of IgY concentrations, Newcastle disease antibody titers, and leukocyte profiles by Dwi Lestari, Sri Murtini, Niken Ulupi, Asep Gunawan, Isyana Khaerunnisa, Anneke Anggraeni, Cece Sumantri

“…Results: The findings revealed that IPB-D2 chickens exhibited higher IgY concentrations, leukocyte counts, heterophil levels, and monocyte counts compared to their IPB-D1 progenitors. …”
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Brain function abnormalities and inflammation in HIV-positive men who have sex with men with depressive disorders by Yang Zhang, Yang Zhang, Yihui He, Yihui He, Yuan Fang, Yuan Fang, Miaotian Cai, Guangqiang Sun, Guangqiang Sun, Rui Wang, Rui Wang, Jiaxin Zhen, Jiaxin Zhen, Yulin Zhang, Zhen Li, Zhen Li, Yundong Ma, Yundong Ma, Tong Zhang, Tong Zhang

“…Furthermore, the HADD group had higher levels of interferon-gamma, a higher frequency of non-classical monocytes, and higher expression levels of perforin and CD38 on specific cells. …”
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Bacteroides Fragilis Exacerbates T2D Vascular Calcification by Secreting Extracellular Vesicles to Induce M2 Macrophages by Cong Chen, Zhengfeng Liang, Yuqi He, Yan Gao, Shuhui Ouyang, Lili Wang, Jianghua Liu, Jingsong Cao

“…It is found that both intestinal Bacteroides fragilis (BF) and peripheral M2 monocytes/macrophages are significantly elevated in patients with T2D VC. …”
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DOCK4 Is a Platinum-Chemosensitive and Prognostic-Related Biomarker in Ovarian Cancer by Qianqian Zhao, Jie Zhong, Ping Lu, Xiao Feng, Ying Han, Chenqi Ling, Wenke Guo, Weijin Zhou, Fudong Yu

“…Meanwhile, DOCK4 is detected in plasma and enriched in neutrophil and monocyte cells of the blood. We further found that there were significant correlations between DOCK4 expression and the levels of CD4+ T cell infiltration, dendritic cell infiltration, and neutrophil infiltration in OV. …”
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Liposomal encapsulation of cholecalciferol mitigates in vivo toxicity and delays tumor growth by Miriam Ezcurra-Hualde, Miriam Ezcurra-Hualde, Sara Zalba, Sara Zalba, Ángela Bella, Ángela Bella, Leire Arrizabalaga, Leire Arrizabalaga, Aline Risson, Aline Risson, Román García-Fuentes, Román García-Fuentes, Celia Gomar, Celia Gomar, Nuria Ardaiz, Nuria Ardaiz, Virginia Belsue, Virginia Belsue, David Ruiz-Guillamon, David Ruiz-Guillamon, Alejandro Serrano-Alcaide, Alejandro Serrano-Alcaide, Ainara Salgado, Ainara Salgado, Fernando Aranda, Fernando Aranda, Maria J. Garrido, Maria J. Garrido, Pedro Berraondo, Pedro Berraondo, Pedro Berraondo

“…In vitro gene expression modulation was evaluated in monocytic THP-1 cells, and antiproliferative effects were assessed in HT29 (colorectal), BT474 (breast), and TRAMP-C1 (prostate) cancer cell lines. …”
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Addressing the toxic chemicals problem in plastics recycling by Bethanie Carney Almroth, Eric Carmona, Nnaemeka Chukwuone, Tridibesh Dey, Daniel Slunge, Thomas Backhaus, Therese Karlsson

“…Plastics contain a vast range of chemicals, including monomers, polymers, processing agents, fillers, antioxidants, plasticizers, pigments, microbiocides and stabilizers. …”
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Copolymer Based on Polyglycerol-Acrylate-Lactate as Potential Water Viscosifier and Surfactant for Enhanced Oil Recovery by M. P. Amaya-Gómez, L. M. Sanabria-Rivas, A. M. Díaz-Lasprilla, C. Ardila-Suárez, R. H. Castro-García, H. I. Quintero-Pérez, G. E. Ramírez-Caballero

“…This work is aimed at synthesizing a polyglycerol derived from the biodegradable and nontoxic monomer, glycerol, and evaluating the effect of its copolymerization on rheological and interfacial properties, which were tested in water and brine for the former and in the water/oil system for the last properties. …”
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Short tandem repeats delineate gene bodies across eukaryotes by William B. Reinar, Anders K. Krabberød, Vilde O. Lalun, Melinka A. Butenko, Kjetill S. Jakobsen

“…Despite this, the distribution of STR motif repetitiveness in eukaryote genomes is still largely unknown. Here, we identify monomer and dimer STR motif repetitiveness in 5.1 billion 10-bp windows upstream of translation starts and downstream of translation stops in 25 million genes spanning 1270 species across the eukaryotic Tree of Life. …”
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Stochastic Modelling and Simulation of Free Radical Polymerization of Styrene in Microchannels using a Hybrid Gillespie Algorithm by Edward Uchechukwu Iwuchukwu, Ardson dos Santos Junior Vianna

“…The obtained results of the end-use properties of polystyrene such as Monomer conversion, Polydispersity Index, Number-Average Molar Mass and Weight Average Molar Mass were compared to experimental data. …”
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Review of Herbal Traditional Chinese Medicine for the Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy by Guang-dong Sun, Chao-yuan Li, Wen-peng Cui, Qiao-yan Guo, Chang-qing Dong, Hong-bin Zou, Shu-jun Liu, Wen-peng Dong, Li-ning Miao

“…In this paper, we summarize the applications of herbal TCM preparations, single herbal TCM, and/or monomers from herbal TCM in the treatment of DN in the recent 10 years, depicting the renal protective effects and the corresponding mechanism, through which we shed light on the renal protective roles of TCM in DN with a particular focus on the molecular basis of the effect and provide a beneficial supplement to the drug therapy for DN.…”
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Preparation of Lignite Dust Suppressant by Compound Surfactants and Effect of Inorganic Salt on Dust Suppressant by Jian He, Hao Shu, Lei Zhang, Lei Zhang, Yang Jia, Lu Zhao, Xin Wen

“…In order to improve the safety, operability, and cleanability of the dust suppressant, this paper uses the surfactant monomers selected in the previous experiment as the main material formula and adds the inorganic salt as the synergist to prepare the dust suppressant for the PMX. …”
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Interfacial Polycondensation Synthesis of Optically Sensitive Polyurea Microcapsule by Weidong Lai, Xinzheng Li, Huiqing Liu, Lu Han, Yajun Zhao, Xiaowei Li

“…This implied that the optical response was achieved by C=C bond cleavage of TMPTA monomer initiated by the photoinitiator radicals, to form network polymers in microcapsules. …”
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Epitope-imprinted biomaterials with tailor-made molecular targeting for biomedical applications by Youlu Diao, Jia Gao, Yue Ma, Guoqing Pan

“…This review explores the latest advances in epitope imprinting techniques, emphasizing selection of epitopes and functional monomers. We highlight the significant improvements in specificity, sensitivity, and stability of these materials, which have facilitated their use in bioanalysis, clinical therapy, and pharmaceutical development. …”
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Molecular Structure, Membrane Interactions, and Toxicity of the Islet Amyloid Polypeptide in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Lucie Caillon, Anais R. F. Hoffmann, Alexandra Botz, Lucie Khemtemourian

“…In common with other misfolded and aggregated proteins, amyloid formation involves aggregation of monomers of hIAPP into oligomers, fibrils, and ultimately mature amyloid deposits. hIAPP is coproduced and stored with insulin by the pancreatic islet β-cells and is released in response to the stimuli that lead to insulin secretion. …”
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Progress in Preparation, Functional Characteristics and Application of Soybean Protein Amyloid-like Fibrils by ZHU Xiuqing, HAN Tianlu, LIU Jiyuan, GUO Ruqi, ZHU Ying, HUANG Yuyang, LIU Linlin

“…Modification technologies such as heat, high pressure and enzymatic treatments have been widely used and breakthroughs have been made. Soybean protein monomer or polypeptides can self-assemble and aggregate into amyloid-like fibrils under acid and high temperature conditions, resulting in changes the solubility and gelation properties of soybean protein. …”
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Microplastic contamination in commercial marine fish: A case study in Johor, Malaysia by Ezraneti Riri, Hassan Noor Artika, Miskon Mohd Fuad, Mohamed Juliana

“…Fish flesh predominantly contains microplastics like polyamide (PA) and Ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM). Further study and regular monitoring on microplastic contamination in commercial marine fish need to be done to mitigate the impact of microplastics on human health and marine ecosystems, particularly in Johor, peninsular Malaysia.…”
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Surface Functionalization of Graphene Oxide with Polymer Brushes for Improving Thermal Properties of the Polymer Matrix by Shuangshuang Wang, Houfang Chi, Lin Chen, Wei Li, Yuchao Li, Guang Li, Xiangcai Ge

“…The hybrid materials were prepared by coating graphene oxide (GO) with polydopamine (PDA) as a reactive underlayer and reducing agent, subsequently, surface-initiated polymerization of monomers (methyl methacrylate, styrene) based on the activators regenerated electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (ARGET-ATRP) technique. …”
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