Improved water supply infrastructure to reduce acute diarrhoeal diseases and cholera in Uvira, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Results and lessons learned from a pragmatic trial. by Karin Gallandat, Amy Macdougall, Aurélie Jeandron, Jaime Mufitini Saidi, Baron Bashige Rumedeka, Espoir Bwenge Malembaka, Andrew S Azman, Didier Bompangue, Simon Cousens, Elizabeth Allen, Oliver Cumming

“…We used Poisson generalised linear models with generalised estimating equations to estimate incidence rate ratios.…”
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Latent classes of anthropometric growth in early childhood using uni- and multivariate approaches in a South African birth cohort. by Noëlle van Biljon, Marilyn T Lake, Liz Goddard, Maresa Botha, Heather J Zar, Francesca Little

“…The aim of this study was to identify growth profiles in children from birth to five years in a South African birth cohort, the Drakenstein Child Health Study (DCHS) using a Latent Class Mixed Modelling (LCMM) approach.<h4>Methods</h4>LCMM was used to identify underlying latent profiles of growth for univariate responses of standardized height, standardized weight, standardized body mass index and standardized weight-for-length/height measurements and multivariate response of joint standardized height and standardized weight measurements from birth to five years for a sample of 1143 children from a South African birth cohort, the Drakenstein Child Health Study (DCHS). …”
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Comparative microbiome analysis of paired mucosal and fecal samples in Korean colorectal cancer patients by Younggwang Kim, Min Ki Kim, Sanghun Lee, Sanghun Lee, Sanghun Lee

“…Diagnostic performance was evaluated with ROC curves, and associations with clinical parameters were assessed via regression models.ResultsBeta diversity revealed significant compositional differences between fecal and mucosal samples (p = 0.001), with mucosal samples showing higher enrichment of CRC-associated taxa. …”
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Comparison of Approaches for Stroke Prophylaxis in Patients with Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation: Network Meta-Analyses of Randomized Controlled Trials. by Navkaranbir S Bajaj, Rajat Kalra, Nirav Patel, Taimoor Hashim, Hemant Godara, Sameer Ather, Garima Arora, Tilak Pasala, Thomas T Whitfield, David C McGiffin, Mustafa I Ahmed, Steven G Lloyd, Nita A Limdi, Pankaj Arora

“…We collected data on ischemic stroke, major bleeding, and the composite primary safety endpoint as defined by various randomized controlled trials. …”
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Digital Isolation and Dementia Risk in Older Adults: Longitudinal Cohort Study by Cheng Deng, Na Shen, Guangzhou Li, Ke Zhang, Shijun Yang

“…Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the association between digital isolation and dementia risk, adjusting for potential confounders including sociodemographic factors, baseline health conditions, and lifestyle variables. …”
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Are the poorest poor being left behind? Estimating global inequalities in reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health by Aluísio J D Barros, Cesar G Victora, Fernando C Wehrmeister, Luis Paulo Vidaletti, Leonardo Zanini Ferreira, Ahmad Reza Hosseinpoor

“…We present a comprehensive analysis of wealth inequalities for the composite coverage index (CCI) using national health surveys carried out since 2010, using wealth deciles and absolute income estimates as stratification variables, and show how these new approaches expand on traditional equity analyses.Methods 83 low-income and middle-income countries were studied. …”
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Examining the association between maternal junk food consumption and obesity among children: evidence from a cross-sectional survey in India by Antaryami Dash, Shalem Balla, Shankar Das, Srinivas Goli

“…Further, the study constructed a junk food consumption intensity score by creating a composite measure based on the intake frequency of aerated drinks and fried foods. …”
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CLINICAL AND PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF HYPONATREMIA IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEART FAILURE by N. T. Vatutin, A. N. Shevelyok, A. N. Zagoruiko

“…The aim: to assess the short-term prognostic value of different types of hyponatremia in patients hospitalized for acute decompensated chronic heart failure. Material and methods. A prospective study included 396 patients hospitalized for acute decompensated chronic heart failure. …”
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Acute Declines in Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate in Patients Treated With Benazepril and Hydrochlorothiazide Versus Amlodipine and Risk of Cardiovascular Outcomes by Elaine Ku, Kenneth Jamerson, Timothy P. Copeland, Charles E. McCulloch, Hocine Tighiouart, Mark J. Sarnak

“…We then determined the relation between declines in eGFR (treated as a binary variable, ≤15% versus >15% and separately, as a restricted spline variable) and the composite risk of fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events using Cox proportional hazards models. …”
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Reproductive choices, mobile technology and social media: insights from Nigerian women’s family planning experiences by Idowu O. Ayodeji, Tosin O. Oni, Oladimeji Ogunoye

“…The investigation employs descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate models including interaction terms to analyze the associations between contraceptive behavior, abortion experiences, and exposure to FP messages—operationalized through a composite FP score that integrates mobile phone ownership and receipt of FP messages. …”
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Associations of neighbourhood walkability with patterns of device-measured stepping, standing and sitting by Christian J. Brakenridge, Elisabeth A.H. Winkler, James F. Sallis, David W Dunstan, Neville Owen, Takemi Sugiyama, Manoj Chandrabose

“…Two-level linear mixed models assessed relevant associations, adjusting for potential confounders. …”
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Dietary adherence and cognitive performance in older adults: insights from a nationwide survey in China by Yameng Fan, Yan Yu, Jiao Tan, Yonghong Ma, Ke Men

“…In this study, we specifically examine the association between adherence to the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese (DGC) and cognitive performance among older adults.MethodsWe analyzed data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) (2011 and 2015), including participants aged ≥60 years. …”
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Like mother like daughter, the role of low human capital in intergenerational cycles of disadvantage: the Pune Maternal Nutrition Study by Akanksha A. Marphatia, Akanksha A. Marphatia, Jonathan C. K. Wells, Alice M. Reid, Aboli Bhalerao, Chittaranjan S. Yajnik

“…Few studies have evaluated whether maternal human and socio-economic capital at conception are independently associated with maternal and offspring outcomes.MethodsUsing data on 651 mother-child dyads from the prospective Pune Maternal Nutrition Study in rural India, composite markers were generated of “maternal human capital” using maternal marriage age and maternal and husband's education, and 'socio-economic capital' using household wealth and caste. …”
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Association between triglyceride-glucose-body mass index and adverse prognosis in elderly patients with severe heart failure and type 2 diabetes: a retrospective study based on the... by Jing Cheng, Qi Cheng, Yingting Wu, Jiashun Yin, Fei He

“…We aimed to evaluate associations between TyG-BMI and all-cause mortality at multiple time points in this high-risk cohort. Methods This retrospective cohort study analyzed 4,523 elderly patients (aged >65 years) with severe HF and T2DM from the MIMIC-IV database. …”
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Drivers of onward HIV transmission risk among adolescent boys growing up with HIV: a longitudinal cohort study by Avy Violari, Xiaoyue Zhang, Rachel Kidman, Janan Janine Dietrich, Stefanie Vermaak, Candice W Ramsammy, Phumla Madi, Given Leshabane

“…Associations between baseline factors and high transmission risk (a composite of detectable viral load and any reported non-condom use) were analysed using logistic regression models. …”
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Effects of proinflammatory cytokines and programmed cell death on cognitive domains in older age patients with bipolar disorder by Pei-Ying Lee, Chih Chiang Chiu, Po-Hsiu Kuo, Cho-Yin Huang, Shang-Ying Tsai, Chian-Jue Kuo, Wen-Yin Chen

“…Associations between cytokines, PD-1/PD-L1, and cognition were examined using linear regression models. Results The average age of the OABD patients was 59.64 with a mean illness duration of 27.19 years. …”
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Metabolic Signatures of Blood Pressure and Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases by Maria Manou, Christos Papagiannopoulos, Christos V. Chalitsios, Alexandros‐Georgios Asimakopoulos, Georgios Markozannes, Monica Bulló, Konstantinos K. Tsilidis, Christopher Papandreou, Ioanna Tzoulaki

“…We further assessed the associations between BP metabolic signatures and incident composite CVD (N=6742), myocardial infarction (N=4192), and stroke (N=2757) in the UK Biobank, using multivariable Cox regression models. …”
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Impact of Left Ventricular Diastolic Pressure Changes on Clinical Outcomes After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement by Jiwon Seo, Ah‐Ram Kim, Iksung Cho, Chi Young Shim, Geu‐Ru Hong, Eui‐Young Choi, Se‐Joong Rim, Young‐Guk Ko, Myeong‐Ki Hong, Jae‐Kwan Song, Jong‐Won Ha

“…The primary outcome was a composite of all‐cause death and rehospitalization for heart failure. …”
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Prognostic impact of changes in left ventricular ejection fraction and wall motion score index in patients with myocardial infarction by Min-Wook Bae, Seong-guen Moon, Kyung-Tae Jung, Won-Ho Kim, Sang-Hyun Park, Jihun Ahn, Jin-Yong Hwang, Seok Kyu Oh, Seung Ho Hur, Myung Ho Jung, Kyu-Sun Lee

“…BackgroundThe prognostic significance of changes in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and wall motion score index (WMSI) in patients with myocardial infarction remains unclear.MethodsThis study evaluated whether changes in LVEF and WMSI can predict clinical outcomes and LV remodeling in post-AMI patients. …”
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Nutritional status and systemic inflammation in COPD: prognostic value of the advanced lung cancer inflammation index by Jun Yao, Peng Wu, Zhishu Li, Lingyan Zhao, Ziqiao Fu, Ping Shi, Xiaomin Xiong, Xuping Chen, Bin Yu, Yan He, Tong Feng, Jia Zeng, Ran Duan, Ran Duan

“…Survival analyses, including Kaplan–Meier curves, Cox proportional hazards models, and restricted cubic splines, were used to assess the association between ALI and mortality outcomes, exploring non-linear trends and thresholds.ResultsHigher ALI levels were significantly associated with reduced risks of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in COPD patients. …”
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