Nested case-control study investigating factors affecting initial adoption of HIV self-testing among men who have sex with men in Guangzhou, China: amidst comprehensive service cov... by Yuzhou Gu, JiaLi Yang, Yefei Luo, Lishan Zhan, Fanghua Liu, Wenting Zeng, Huifang Xu, Huifang Xu, Yongheng Lu, Yanshan Cai, Zhigang Han

“…Investigating the factors influencing the initial adoption of HIVST among MSM in this context can help develop tailored HIVST service strategies of and further promote HIVST adoption among MSM communities.MethodsWe selected 230 participants from a prospective cohort on HIV infection among MSM population in Guangzhou, China, who had no prior experience of HIVST. …”
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Prognostic implication of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in acute myocardial infarction-related cardiogenic shock by Jonghu Shin, Eun-Mi Kang, Sang-Hyup Lee, Minju Heo, Yong-Joon Lee, Seung-Jun Lee, Sung-Jin Hong, Jung-Sun Kim, Byeong-Keuk Kim, Young-Guk Ko, Donghoon Choi, Myeong-Ki Hong, Yangsoo Jang, Chul-Min Ahn

“…Logistic regression models were used to compare in-hospital mortality and to identify prognostic predictors. …”
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Understanding why at-risk population segments do not seek care for tuberculosis: a precision public health approach in South India by Harkesh Dabas, Beena E Thomas, Sarah Helfinstein, Mokshada Jain, Hannah Kemp, Sema K Sgaier, Elisabeth Engl, Gayathri Natarajan, Prithivi Prakash, Jayabal Lavanya, Murugesan Jagadeesan, Rebekah Chang, Tichakunda Mangono, Shamim Mannan, Grace K Charles

“…Previous work identifies barriers only in people within the health system, often long after initial care-seeking.Methods We conducted a community-based survey of 84 625 households in Chennai, India, to identify 1667 people with TB-indicative symptoms in 2018–2019. …”
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Association between remnant cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol discordance and type 2 diabetes or prediabetes: results from NHANES by Yijing Xin, Yimeng Wang, Yuyuan Shu, Hanyang Liang, Yanmin Yang

“…The percentile difference between RC and LDL-C was used to define discordance. Logistic regression models were performed to assess the relationships between RC, LDL-C, RC and LDL-C percentile difference, LDL-C and RC discordant. …”
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Curcumin supplementation accelerates high-altitude acclimatization, prevents polycythemia and modulates gut microbiota in male Han population: a randomized controlled trial by Jilei Hu, Hongmei Lang, Die Fan, Ting Wen, Jiaojiao Shi, Chunxiu Xiao, Yunming Li, Chao Kang, Peijie Shi, Peijie Shi, Lirong Shen, Ning Lin, Ning Lin, Ning Lin

“…BackgroundPrevious evidence showed that curcumin enhanced the oxygen supply efficiency of hemoglobin and alleviated acute plateau hypoxia injury in animal models. However, its efficacy on human beings is not yet verified. …”
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Study of the Characteristics of a Co-Seismic Displacement Field Based on High-Resolution Stereo Imagery: A Case Study of the 2024 MS7.1 Wushi Earthquake, Xinjiang by Chenyu Ma, Zhanyu Wei, Li Qian, Tao Li, Chenglong Li, Xi Xi, Yating Deng, Shuang Geng

“…Stereo-photogrammetric digital elevation models (DEMs), produced from high-resolution satellite stereo imagery, offer reliable global datasets that are suitable for the detailed extraction and quantification of vertical co-seismic displacements. …”
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Thiamine dose response in human milk with supplementation among lactating women in Cambodia: study protocol for a double-blind, four-parallel arm randomised controlled trial by Kyly C Whitfield, Hou Kroeun, Tim Green, Frank T Wieringa, Mam Borath, Prak Sophonneary, Jeffrey R Measelle, Dare Baldwin, Lisa N Yelland, Shalem Leemaqz, Kathleen Chan, Jelisa Gallant

“…Thiamine fortification of salt is a potentially low-cost, passive means of combating thiamine deficiency; however, both the dose of thiamine required to optimise milk thiamine concentrations as well as usual salt intake of lactating women are unknown.Methods and analysis In this community-based randomised controlled trial, 320 lactating women from Kampong Thom, Cambodia will be randomised to one of four groups to consume one capsule daily containing 0, 1.2, 2.4 or 10 mg thiamine as thiamine hydrochloride, between 2 and 24 weeks postnatal. …”
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Genetic polymorphism of msp2 in Plasmodium falciparum isolates among asymptomatic malaria infections from two ecological settings in Cameroon by Aline G. Bouopda-Tuedom, Luc Abate, Brice L. Feufack-Donfack, Christelle M. Ngou, Albert N. Bayibeki, Carole E. Eboumbou Moukoko, Lawrence S. Ayong, Antoine Berry, Thierry Lefèvre, Isabelle Morlais, Sandrine E. Nsango

“…General linear mixed models were fitted to evaluate the impact of study site, participant age, gender and bed net ownership on genetic diversity. …”
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Novel Cerium- and Terbium-Doped Gadolinium Fluoride Nanoparticles as Radiosensitizers with Pronounced Radiocatalytic Activity by Nikita A. Pivovarov, Danil D. Kolmanovich, Nikita N. Chukavin, Irina V. Savintseva, Nelli R. Popova, Alexander E. Shemyakov, Arina D. Filippova, Maria A. Teplonogova, Alexandra V. Yurkovskaya, Ivan. V. Zhukov, Azamat Y. Akkizov, Anton L. Popov

“…It emphasizes the importance of evaluating the molecular mechanisms underlying the sensitizing effectiveness of potential nanoradiosensitizers before choosing conditions for their testing in in vivo models.…”
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The Effect of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention on Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction and Cardiogenic Shock Supported by Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation by Yan Wang, Hongfu Fu, Jin Li, Haixiu Xie, Chenglong Li, Zhongtao Du, Xing Hao, Hong Wang, Liangshan Wang, Xiaotong Hou

“…Patients in the PCI group exhibited lower in-hospital mortality before and after matching (40.3% vs. 51.6%; p = 0.005), which persisted in multivariable modeling (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.69; 95% confidence interval 0.50–0.95; p = 0.024). …”
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Longer Drug Retention of Interleukin-12/23 or Interleukin-17 Inhibitors Compared With TNF Inhibitors in Female Patients With TNF Inhibitor-Experienced Psoriatic Arthritis by Godehard A. Scholz, MD, PhD, Eleftherios Papagiannoulis, MSc, Christoph Blapp, MSc, Raphael Micheroli, MD, Adrian Ciurea, MD, Michael J. Nissen, MD, Nikhil Yawalkar, MD, Diana Dan, MD, Jennifer Amsler, MD, Almut Scherer, PhD, Burkhard Möller, MD

“…Drug retention was the primary outcome in unadjusted and inverse propensity-weighted Cox regression models. Secondary outcomes were a static skin score for psoriasis, the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 20, 50, and 70 response rates, and the disease activity in PsA score. …”
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Study protocol for a phase II, double-blind, randomised controlled trial of cannabidiol (CBD) compared with placebo for reduction of brain neuroinflammation in adults with chronic... by Yi Zhang, Robert Edwards, A Eden Evins, Jodi M Gilman, Chelsea K Pike, Minhae Kim, Kristina Schnitzer, Nathaniel Mercaldo, Vitaly Napadow, Erin Janas Morrissey, Zeynab Alshelh, Marco L Loggia

“…The principal aim of this trial is to evaluate whether CBD, compared with placebo, affects neuroinflammation, as measured by TSPO levels.Methods and analysis This is a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase II clinical trial. …”
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Mitigating air pollution’s impact on lung cancer in a large-scale longitudinal study: The unexplored potential of dietary interventions by Yong-sheng Yang, Xu-wei Tang, Ji-fu Wu, Zhi-ying Zhan, Zhi-jian Hu, Fei He

“…Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs). …”
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Combined 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and physical activity on mortality in US stroke survivors: findings from the NHANES by Junqi Liao, Jingyi Chen, Huimin Wu, Qing Zhu, Xiaogang Tang, Li Li, Aimei Zhang, Peiyi Mo, Yan Liu, Xinyi Yang, Yang Han, Zhaoyao Chen, Wenlei Li, Yuan Zhu, Minghua Wu

“…We examined the association of 25(OH)D and PA with all-cause or cause-specific mortality risk in stroke survivors. Methods The analysis included 677 stroke survivors from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2008 to 2017–2018. …”
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Prognostic value of metabolic tumor volume on [18F]FDG PET/CT in addition to the TNM classification system of locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer by Alexander Brose, Isabelle Miederer, Jochem König, Eleni Gkika, Jörg Sahlmann, Tanja Schimek-Jasch, Mathias Schreckenberger, Ursula Nestle, Jutta Kappes, Matthias Miederer

“…Kaplan-Meier curves and stratified Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to investigate the prognostic value of PET parameters and TNM along with clinical variables. …”
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The Evolving Global Burden of Young‐Onset Parkinson's Disease (1990–2021): Regional, Gender, and Age Disparities in the Context of Rising Incidence and Declining Mortality by Yanjie Jiang, Hanyu Wang, Xingyi He, Rui Fu, Zhihui Jin, Qinwei Fu, Xinlang Yu, Wenshan Li, Xiaoyu Zhu, Shipeng Zhang, Yan Lu

“…ABSTRACT Background Young‐onset Parkinson's disease (YOPD) has emerged as a significant global public health challenge characterized by its early onset among individuals in their prime working years, complex disruptions to social roles, and a substantial socioeconomic burden encompassing diminished productivity, escalating healthcare costs, and markedly reduced quality of life. Methods Using Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 data, this study analyzed YOPD burden (ages 20–49) from 1990 to 2021, assessing age‐standardized incidence rate (ASIR), mortality rate (ASMR), disability‐adjusted life years rate (ASDR), and trends via Bayesian Age‐Period Cohort (BAPC) modeling. …”
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Efficacy and Safety of Sotrovimab Versus Oral Antiviral for Early Treatment in High-Risk Patients in Omicron Era: A Multicenter Retrospective Study by Antonio Russo, Mariantonietta Pisaturo, Chiara Cacace, Augusta Troise, Gabriele Granata, Pierantonio Grimaldi, Enrico Allegorico, Francesca Ambrisi, Martina Papillo, Fabio Giuliano Numis, Nicola Coppola

“…Demographic, clinical, and treatment-related data were analyzed to assess primary endpoints of 28-day mortality and hospitalization. Logistic regression models identified predictors of key outcomes. Results: A total of 668 high-risk patients treated with sotrovimab (n = 326) or oral antivirals (n = 342: 69 with molnupiravir and 273 with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) were included. …”
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Determinants of non-adherence to antibiotic treatment guidelines in hospitalized adults with suspected community-acquired pneumonia: a prospective study by Dagfinn Lunde Markussen, Jannicke Slettli Wathne, Christian Ritz, Cornelis H. van Werkhoven, Sondre Serigstad, Rune Oskar Bjørneklett, Elling Ulvestad, Siri Tandberg Knoop, Synne Jenum, Harleen M. S. Grewal

“…However, among the 341 patients included in the analysis of treatment duration adherence, only 69 (20.2%) received therapy durations that were consistent with guideline recommendations. …”
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Associations of sleep characteristics with all-cause, cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular mortality among rural Chinese older adults: a cohort study by Jie Lu, Yajun Liang, Rui Liu, Yifeng Du, Chengxuan Qiu, Tong Zhao, Keke Liu, Shi Tang, Jiafeng Wang, Juan Ren, Yifei Ren, Ming Mao

“…Data were analysed using restricted cubic splines (RCS) and Cox proportional-hazards models.Results During the mean follow-up of 7.36 (SD 2.03) years, 657 participants died. …”
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Avoidance of healthcare service use and correlates among HIV-positive patients in Vietnam: a cross-sectional study by Huong Lan Thi Nguyen, Thu Minh Bui, Carl A Latkin, Cyrus SH Ho, Roger CM Ho, Don Bradley, Toan Van Ngo, Vu Anh Trong Dam, Tham Thi Nguyen, Hien Thu Nguyen, Ga Mei Zeng, Quang N Nguyen

“…This study investigates HIV-positive patients’ avoidance of healthcare services and its correlates.Design A cross-sectional study.Setting The secondary data analysis used cross-sectional data from a randomised controlled intervention, examining the effectiveness of HIV-assisted smartphone applications in the treatment of HIV/AIDS patients in the Bach Mai and Ha Dong clinics in Hanoi.Methods Simple random sampling was used to identify 495 eligible patients. …”
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