Characteristics and mechanism of overlying rock and surface damage in gently inclined thick coal seam mining by Xiaoshen XIE, Enke HOU, Bingchao ZHAO, Dong FENG, Pengfei HOU, Weiqiang GUO

“…The topsoil layer's characteristics and the distance between cracks have a direct impact on the types of surface cracks that emerge and their activity characteristics. …”
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Impact of Amelogenesis Imperfecta on Junctional Epithelium Structure and Function by Kevin Lin, Jake Ngu, Susu Uyen Le, Yan Zhang

“…The junctional epithelium, which lines the inner gingival surface, seals the gingival sulcus to block the infiltration of food debris and pathogens. …”
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COMPARISON OF PARAMETERS OF SURFACE INTEGRITY OF MACHINED DUPLEX AND AUSTENITE STAINLESS STEELS IN RELATION TO TOOL GEOMETRY by Jiří Čapek, Zdeněk Pitrmuc, Kamil Kolařík, Libor Beránek, Nikolaj Ganev

“…Residual stresses and presence of straininduced martensite were studied as a function of the side rake angle. Residual stresses of surface and sub-surface layers were determined using X-ray diffraction techniques and hole-drilling method. …”
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Addition of Zirconium Oxide for Reduction of Hydroxyapatite Layer Cracks in Ti-6Al-4V ELI Implant Materials for Improved Osseointegration by Sanny Ardhy, Gunawarman Gunawarman, Jon Affi, Yuli Yetri

“…This causes the process of implant union with bone (osseointegration) does not function perfectly in the human body. This study aims to reduce cracking by increasing the adhesion of the HA layer on the surface of the Ti-6Al-4V Extra Low Intertitial (ELI) implant material. …”
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Impact of chemical reaction on thermal magnetized hybrid nanofluid over a curved stretching surface by Y. Khan, M. Nazim Tufail, Khurram Shahzad, A. Alameer, Naveed Iqbal

“…The resulting non-linear ODEs were then solved numerically using Mathematica’s NDSolve function. The influence of various parameters on the momentum, thermal, and concentration boundary layers was analyzed through graphical representations and numerical evaluations of the surface's skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number for each dimensionless parameter. …”
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Highly selective and efficient phosphate removal from water bodies using triethanolamine-assisted glycine-intercalated layered double hydroxide composites by Gaole Yan, Hongtao Wu, Haining Ja, Xianghai Li, Gang Yang

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Removal of the iron oxide layer from a fuel tank wall: Effect of nozzle distance and impact angle on water jet pressure by Thong Duc Hong, Minh Quang Pham, Thien Phuoc Huynh, Thang Viet Vu, Lam Quang Tran

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Sonochemical‐Assisted Synthesis of Ultrathin NiCu layered Double Hydroxide for Enhanced CN Coupling toward Electrocatalytic Urea Synthesis by Hele Guo, Siyu Fu, Guohao Xue, Feili Lai, Tianxi Liu

“…Herein, a “bottom‐up” strategy is proposed to synthesize multidimensional hybrid materials of ultrathin NiCu layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanosheets on carbon nanofiber (u‐NiCu‐LDH/CNF) through an ultrasonic‐assisted solvothermal method. …”
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Structural Evolution During Repeated Spray Deposition of FeCl₃‐Doped Poly(Styrene)‐b‐Poly(4‐Vinyl Pyridine) Layers by Shanshan Yin, Wei Cao, Suo Tu, Suzhe Liang, Yuqin Zou, Ting Tian, Guangjiu Pan, Zhuijun Xu, Lixing Li, Lyuyang Cheng, Ya‐Jun Cheng, Matthias Schwartzkopf, Stephan V. Roth, Liangjun Zhai, Peter Müller‐Buschbaum

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Long Term Effects of Farming System on Soil Water Content and Dry Soil Layer in Deep Loess Profile of Loess Tableland in China by Li-ping CHENG, Wen-zhao LIU

“…Under fallow land, the soil water content increased gradually over time, first in the surface layers and later in the deep soil layers. …”
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Selective metal passivation by vapor-dosed phosphonic acid inhibitors for area-selective atomic layer deposition of SiO2 thin films by Jeong-Min Lee, Seo-Hyun Lee, Ji Hun Lee, Junghun Kwak, Jinhee Lee, Woo-Hee Kim

“…In this study, we develop a surface treatment to hinder the adsorption of Si precursor on metal surfaces by using a vapor-phase functionalization of bulky phosphonic acid (PA) self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). …”
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Suppression of defect in plated film on AMed metal products by electron beam polishing by Togo Shinonaga, Yuki Matsuda, Akira Okada

“…Experimental results show that surface smoothing, surface repairing and removal of oxidization layer of AMed Al alloy can be done simultaneously by the EB polishing. …”
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Revisiting the relationship between surface and column-integrated chlorophyll-a concentrations in the Biogeochemical-Argo and satellite era by Ella Poppy Tanner, Harry Ewin, Johannes J. Viljoen, Robert J. W. Brewin

“…We then extend the relationships, removing the binary switch in parameters between mixed and stratified waters and trophic conditions such that the column-integrated chlorophyll-a concentration can be estimated as a continuous function of surface chlorophyll-a and a proxy for stratification (we use the optical mixed-layer depth, the mixed-layer depth multiplied by the diffuse attenuation coefficient, which is proportional to the ratio of the euphotic depth to the mixed layer depth when it approaches 1). …”
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Interface dipole evolution from the hybrid coupling between nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots and polyethylenimine featuring the electron transport thin layer at Al/Si interfaces by Sasimontra Timjan, Ta-Cheng Wei, Kuan-Han Lin, Yi-Ting Li, Po-Hsuan Hsiao, Chia-Yun Chen

“…The aspects of microstructures, functional groups, chemical features, interfacial characteristics and band structures of NCQD/PEI are explicated, visualizing that the evolution of interface dipoles mediated by the overall outcome of physisorption and chemisorption effects, modifies the surface potential difference and results in the explicit reduction of the Al work function from 4.3 eV for pristine Al to 3.23 eV based on the optimized constitutional design (0.10 % NCQD in PEI). …”
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Dynamic interaction between two 3D rigid surface foundations subjected to oblique seismic waves by Salah Messioud

“…The two foundations are positioned on the surface of a uniform viscoelastic soil layer, underlain by a substratum. …”
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Study on Dynamic Responses of Unit Slab Track Considering the Influence of Cement Asphalt Mortar Rough Surface by Xianmai Chen, Yanping Pan, Xiangyun Deng, Nan Chen

“…Due to the particularity of the construction technology of the CRTS I slab track bagging method, there is a certain roughness between the track slab and the mortar layer in the actual project. In this work, the W–M fractal function was used to simulate the cement asphalt mortar layer in unit slab track with roughness rough surface morphology. …”
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DESIGNING OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES OF VIBRO-IMPACT FINISHING OF DETAILS FLAT SURFACES THROUGH BALL-ROD HARDENING by Andrey N. Leshchenko, Sergey A. Razdorskiy

“…Functions for determination of physical-mechanical parameters of the surface layer of the finished parts are derived. …”
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Electrochemical activation and characterization of carbon cloth by Tugba Ozer

“…Here, carbon cloth (CC), which is a disposable, inexpensive, conductive substrate, was electrochemically activated for the formation of function al groups on the electrode surface. The electrochemical activation of commercial CC was achieved in various acidic solutions such as 0.1 M H2SO4, 0.1 M HCl and 0.1 M HNO3 to create functional groups on the surface of the gas diffusion layer by applying a constant 100 mA current (galvanostatic) for 10 s, 20 s, and 30 s, respectively. …”
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Surface hardening of ductile austenitic lightweight steel through powder bed fusion 3D printing by Joonoh Moon, Hyun-Uk Hong, Hyungkwon Park, Hyo-Haeng Jo, Seong-Jun Park, Chansun Shin, Heung Nam Han, Myoung-Gyu Lee, Jae Suk Jeong, Bong Ho Lee, Chang-Hoon Lee

“…After L-PBF, an aging treatment led to more precipitation of κ-carbides in the surface layer, producing a functionally graded hard surface layer. …”
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Design of Wideband Two-Sided Bandpass Frequency Selective Surface for X, Ka, and Ku Band Application by V. Vanitha, S. Esther Florence, A. Alaguraj, Lakshmi Janaki Gollamudi

“…A novel wideband bandpass frequency-selective surface functioning at X, Ku, and Ka bands is proposed in this article. …”
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