Software defect prediction based on stacked sparse denoising autoencoders and enhanced extreme learning machine by Nana Zhang, Shi Ying, Kun Zhu, Dandan Zhu

“…To address these two issues, a novel defect prediction model called SSEPG based on Stacked Sparse Denoising AutoEncoders (SSDAE) and Extreme Learning Maching (ELM) optimised by Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) and another complementary Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA) are proposed in this paper, which has two main merits: (1) employ a novel deep neural network – SSDAE to extract new combined features, which can effectively learn the robust deep semantic feature representation. (2) integrate strong exploitation capacity of PSO with strong exploration capability of GSA to optimise the input weights and hidden layer biases of ELM, and utilise the superior discriminability of the enhanced ELM to predict the defective modules. …”
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Semantic-enhanced panoptic scene graph generation through hybrid and axial attentions by Xinhe Kuang, Yuxin Che, Huiyan Han, Yimin Liu

“…Specifically, a series of hybrid attention networks are stacked within both the object context encoding and relationship context encoding modules, enhancing the refinement and fusion of visual and semantic information. …”
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MRSNet: Multi-Resolution Scale Feature Fusion-Based Universal Density Counting Network by Yi Zhang, Wei Song, Mingyue Shao, Xiangchun Liu

“…Our proposed network effectively mitigates issues caused by large variations in object scales, thereby enhancing counting accuracy. …”
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Variable Submodule Voltage Control for Enhanced Efficiency in DAB-Integrated Modular Multilevel Converters by Marzio Barresi, Davide De Simone, Edoardo Ferri, Luigi Piegari

“…Assuming single-phase-shift modulation, two control strategies were evaluated. The first strategy regulated the DAB voltage on one side to match the battery voltage on the other, scaled by the high-frequency transformer turns ratio, which facilitated the ZVS operation and reduced the reactive power. …”
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Engineerable mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles as promising therapeutic strategies for pulmonary fibrosis by Yixiang Chen, Moxuan Li, Juntao Yang, Yuqi Chen, Jiancheng Wang

“…Engineering strategies like preconditioning, drug loading, and surface modification can solve the above issues. Our review synthesizes PubMed/Google Scholar literature up to Feb. 2025 on MSC-EVs’ targeted PF therapy and engineering strategies, aiming to translate preclinical insights into clinical use.…”
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Hierarchical Information-guided robotic grasp detection by Zeyao Hou, Yueran Zhao, Yutao Jin, Chao Yang, Zongyu He, Xiaoyan Chen

“…Our approach also designs hierarchical information-guided self-attention (HIGSA) and an adaptive deep channel modulator (DCM) to enhance feature interactions and competition. …”
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A Fuzzy-Immune-Regulated Single-Neuron Proportional–Integral–Derivative Control System for Robust Trajectory Tracking in a Lawn-Mowing Robot by Omer Saleem, Ahmad Hamza, Jamshed Iqbal

“…The conventional fixed-gain proportional–integral–derivative (PID) control procedure lacks the flexibility to deal with the environmental indeterminacies, coupling issues, and intrinsic nonlinear dynamics associated with the aforementioned nonholonomic system. …”
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A near-threshold memristive computing-in-memory engine for edge intelligence by Linfang Wang, Weizeng Li, Zhidao Zhou, Junjie An, Wang Ye, Zhi Li, Hanghang Gao, Hongyang Hu, Jing Liu, Xiaoming Chen, Ling Li, Qi Liu, Mingoo Seok, Chunmeng Dou, Ming Liu

“…To mitigate variation issues, we compensate for transistor mismatches by leveraging the intrinsic variations in memristors. …”
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Integrating Sustainability Reflection in a Geographic Information Science Capstone Project Course by Forrest Hisey, Valerie Lin, Tingting Zhu

“…Through collaborations with external partners and reflections on sustainability modules, students analyzed complex problems and developed sustainability competencies. …”
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Experimental Demonstration of 40-Gb/s I-SC-FDM With 10G-Class Optics and Low-Complexity DSP for Next-Generation PON by Xizi Tang, Ji Zhou, Mengqi Guo, Jia Qi, Shuangyue Liu, Xuekai Xu, Yueming Lu, Yaojun Qiao

“…Low cost and low energy consumption are two important issues for the upgrade of next-generation passive optical network (PON). …”
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Emerging Role of Spinal Cord TRPV1 in Pain Exacerbation by Seung-In Choi, Ji Yeon Lim, Sungjae Yoo, Hyun Kim, Sun Wook Hwang

“…We also focus on extended issues and unsolved problems to fully understand the role of TRPV1 in pathological pain. …”
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Exosome-based miRNA delivery: Transforming cancer treatment with mesenchymal stem cells by Ashok Kumar Balaraman, M. Arockia Babu, Muhammad Afzal, Gaurav Sanghvi, Rekha M M, Sofia Gupta, Mohit Rana, Haider Ali, Kavita Goyal, Vetriselvan Subramaniyan, Ling Shing Wong, Vinoth Kumarasamy

“…However, these improvements present difficulties such as isolation, scalability, and stability of delivered miRNA during storage.Furthermore, the issues related to off-target effects, as well as immunogenicity, can be a focus. …”
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Marine natural products as a source of novel anticancer drugs: an updated review (2019–2023) by Hesham R. El-Seedi, Mohamed S. Refaey, Nizar Elias, Mohamed F. El-Mallah, Faisal M. K. Albaqami, Ismail Dergaa, Ming Du, Mohamed F. Salem, Haroon Elrasheid Tahir, Maria Dagliaa, Nermeen Yosri, Hongcheng Zhang, Awg H. El-Seedi, Zhiming Guo, Shaden A. M. Khalifa

“…Furthermore, it addresses the challenges and opportunities associated with the development of marine-derived anticancer drugs, including issues related to supply, sustainability, synthesis, and clinical translation. …”
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Developing Students’ Statistical Expertise Through Writing in the Age of AI by Laura S. DeLuca, Alex Reinhart, Gordon Weinberg, Michael Laudenbach, Sydney Miller, David West Brown

“…Those differences are evident in how writers manage information, modulate confidence, signal importance, and report statistics. …”
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Connecting Molecular Characteristics of Intrauterine Growth-Retarded Piglets to Targeted Nutritional Interventions: A Review by Janghan Choi, Emma Traylor, Rachel Husak, Annabelle Foster, Aubrey Akere-Nkongho Tambe

“…The multifactorial nature of these issues suggests that targeting a single physiological parameter may be insufficient, and comprehensive interventions are needed to address the widespread effects of IUGR. …”
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Bifunctional self‐segregated electrolyte realizing high‐performance zinc‐iodine batteries by Xueting Hu, Zequan Zhao, Yongqiang Yang, Hao Zhang, Guojun Lai, Bingan Lu, Peng Zhou, Lina Chen, Jiang Zhou

“…Meanwhile, the hybridization of polar organic solvent in the inorganic phase modulated the bonding structure, as well as the effective weakening of water activity, optimizing the interface during zinc electroplating. …”
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Comparative Study of OLGA and LedaFlow Models for Mechanistic Predictions of Hydrate Transport Dynamics by Anqi Qu, Luiz F. R. Dalla, Luis E. Zerpa, Thierry Palermo, Khalid Mateen, Annie Fidel-Dufour, Carolyn A. Koh

“…Gas hydrate formation in pipelines transporting multiphase fluids from petroleum reservoirs can lead to the formation of blockages, representing a significant flow assurance challenge. Key issues caused by hydrates include substantial increases in the viscosity of mixed liquid phases and the deposition of hydrates on the pipeline wall. …”
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ICCA-RAG: Intelligent Customs Clearance Assistant Using Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) by Rong Hu, Sen Liu, Panpan Qi, Jingyi Liu, Fengyuan Li

“…By combining the retrieval and generation modules, the ICCA-RAG system achieves significant improvements in contextual relevance and generation accuracy. …”
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Hierarchical Knowledge Transfer: Cross-Layer Distillation for Industrial Anomaly Detection by Junning Xu, Sanxin Jiang

“…Second, the teacher-student structural symmetry is decoupled by embedding Convolutional Block Attention Modules (CBAM) in the student network. Finally, based on HKT, a more powerful anomaly detection model, HKT+, is developed. …”
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Intestinal Microbiota and Sleep Inversion by Anatoly I. Khavkin, Valeriya P. Novikova, Anna Yu. Trapeznikova

“…Moreover, they have an indirect effect by modulating metabolic processes and the immune system. …”
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