A general theory of the complex pronotum morphology of treehoppers in Smiliinae and its relatives (Hemiptera: Membracidae) and its applicability to other subfamilies by Kanta SUGIURA, Tensho TERANO, Haruhiko ADACHI, Jin HAGIWARA, Keisuke MATSUDA, Kenji NISHIDA, Paul HANSON, Shigeru KONDO, Yasuhiko CHIKAMI, Hiroki GOTOH

“…Treehoppers are characterized by exaggerated and three-dimensionally modified pronotal structures, known as "helmets". The treehopper pronotum has been studied mainly in terms of taxonomic diagnosis for over a century. …”
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Research Progress in Radiation Chemistry of Heavy Ions in Aqueous Solutions by Long-fei AN, Liang-wen CHEN, Yu-cui GAO, Xiang-yi DU, Yan-shi ZHANG, Yong SUN, Ming-zhang LIN

“…In order to clarify and interpret the track structure effect of radiolysis of heavy ions in aqueous solution, a series of experimental studies has been performed and several theoretical models have been proposed. …”
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Psycholinguistic Peculiarities of the Development of Communicative Competence of Teachers of Secondary Schools by Едуард Івашкевич, Людмила Примачок

“…The following theoretical methods of the research were used to solve the tasks formulated in the article: a categorical method, structural and functional methods, the methods of the analysis, systematization, modeling, generalization. …”
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Improving the Interpretability of ANN-Based Predictions of Lattice Constants in Aliovalently Doped Perovskites Using Partial Dependence Plots by Abdullah Alharthi, Abdulgafor Alfares, Yusuf Abubakar Sha’aban, Dahood Ademuyiwa Adegbite

“…This approach demonstrates the utility of combining high-accuracy ML models with interpretability techniques to accelerate discovery in materials science.…”
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Interpretable multimodal machine learning analysis of X-ray absorption near-edge spectra and pair distribution functions by Tanaporn Na Narong, Zoe N. Zachko, Steven B. Torrisi, Simon J. L. Billinge

“…XANES-only models generally outperformed PDF-only models, even for structural tasks, although using the metal’s differential-PDFs (dPDFs) instead of total-PDFs narrowed this gap. …”
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Enhancing Historical Aerial Photographs: A New Approach Based on Non-Reference Metric and Photo Interpretation Elements by Abdullah Harun Incekara, Dursun Zafer Seker

“…The dataset was structured based on the hierarchy of photo interpretation elements. …”
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Constraining the Effect of Bathymetric High Subduction in an Accretionary Wedge: Evidence From the Tokai Area of the Nankai Trough, Japan by Andrzej Górszczyk, Rafael Almeida, Romain Brossier, Ludovic Métivier, Stéphane Operto

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Advanced methods for geological interpretation of depositional environments and lithofacies: insights into hydrocarbon potential in the northern Norwegian North Sea by Ali Al Janabi, Camelia C. Knapp, Ziyad Albesher

“…A key contribution of this study is the development of a 3D structural depth model that enhances the spatial understanding of lithofacies distribution and reservoir connectivity. …”
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Uncertainty-Aware Deep Learning for Robust and Interpretable MI EEG Using Channel Dropout and LayerCAM Integration by Óscar Wladimir Gómez-Morales, Sofia Escalante-Escobar, Diego Fabian Collazos-Huertas, Andrés Marino Álvarez-Meza, German Castellanos-Dominguez

“…However, MI classification using electroencephalography (EEG) is hindered by spatiotemporal variability and the limited interpretability of deep learning (DL) models. To mitigate these challenges, dropout techniques are employed as regularization strategies. …”
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Accurate Spatial Heterogeneity Dissection and Gene Regulation Interpretation for Spatial Transcriptomics using Dual Graph Contrastive Learning by Zhuohan Yu, Yuning Yang, Xingjian Chen, Ka‐Chun Wong, Zhaolei Zhang, Yuming Zhao, Xiangtao Li

“…However, current methods for region identification often lack the simultaneous characterizing of spatial structure and gene regulation, thereby limiting the ability of spatial dissection and gene interpretation. …”
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An Optimally Oriented Coherence Attribute Method and Its Application to Faults and Fracture Sets Detection in Carbonate Reservoirs by Shuai Chen, Shengjun Li, Qi Ma, Lu Qin, Sanyi Yuan

“…Their accurate detection is essential for structural interpretation, reservoir modeling, and drilling risk assessment. …”
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Fetal-Net: enhancing Maternal-Fetal ultrasound interpretation through Multi-Scale convolutional neural networks and Transformers by Umar Islam, Yasser A. Ali, Muna Al-Razgan, Hanif Ullah, Mohmmed Amin Almaiah, Zeeshan Tariq, Khalid Mohammad Wazir

“…Abstract Ultrasound imaging plays an important role in fetal growth and maternal-fetal health evaluation, but due to the complicated anatomy of the fetus and image quality fluctuation, its interpretation is quite challenging. Although deep learning include Convolution Neural Networks (CNNs) have been promising, they have largely been limited to one task or the other, such as the segmentation or detection of fetal structures, thus lacking an integrated solution that accounts for the intricate interplay between anatomical structures. …”
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CoGraphNet for enhanced text classification using word-sentence heterogeneous graph representations and improved interpretability by Pengyi Li, Xueying Fu, Juntao Chen, Junyi Hu

“…However, it faces challenges in computational complexity and interpretability. In this work, we propose CoGraphNet, a novel graph-based model for text classification, addressing key issues. …”
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Enhancing radiographic interpretation: effects of gamification on medical students' knowledge, skills, and satisfaction — a quasi-experimental study by Zahra Karimian, Mohammad Momeni, Nahid Zarifsanaiey

“…Three assessment instruments were used: 80 multiple-choice questions (MCQs), 10 scenario-based cases in an Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE), and a 21-item Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) questionnaire to evaluate student satisfaction. …”
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For a history of childhood and of his education in contemporary Italy. Interpretations and perspectives of research (Bilingual Edition: English/Italian) by Roberto Sani

“…In particular, he focuses on some themes of the history of childhood and its education little or not at all investigated by scholars, as well as on the trend typical of several papers appeared in the last decades to define and interpret the historical events of childhood on the basis of an approach using «models», derived, a little bit uncritically, from the social sciences, which does not seem to adequately take into consideration the complexity of the educational and cultural-historical processes that have affected Italy. …”
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Flash Flood Regionalization for the Hengduan Mountains Region, China, Combining GNN and SHAP Methods by Yifan Li, Chendi Zhang, Peng Cui, Marwan Hassan, Zhongjie Duan, Suman Bhattacharyya, Shunyu Yao, Yang Zhao

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Clinical validation of the scales of depression, neuroticism, somatization, personal anxiety and validity of the modified questionnaire for neurotic disorders by L. I. Tsydzik

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Explainable Artificial Intelligence in Radiological Cardiovascular Imaging—A Systematic Review by Matteo Haupt, Martin H. Maurer, Rohit Philip Thomas

“…Strengthening the interpretability of AI models will be crucial to ensuring their safe, ethical, and effective integration into cardiovascular care.…”
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Explanation of contingency planning approach to promoting cultural landscape in interaction with human ecology over time by Ali Hosseinpour, Darioush Moradi Chadegani, Shirin Toghyani, Elham Nazemi

“…Material and methods: The type of research in this paper was descriptive-analytical and its methodology was based on historic structural research. The time frame of this research was from 1908, when the first use of the cultural landscape took place beyond the realm of art and painting, until 2020 –the year of this research. …”
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Student Teachers’ Leveraging GenAI Tools for Academic Writing, Design, and Prompting in an ODeL Course by Micheal M. van Wyk

“… Large language models such as ChatGPT 3.5, Grammarly, and Copilot, to name a few, are referred to as generated artificial intelligence tools (GenAI). …”
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