EQUILIBRIUM PLANAR CRACK WITH CONTOUR ANGULAR POINTS IN ELASTIC LAYER by Boris V. Sobol, Elena V. Rashidova, Ekaterina V. Borisova, Olga P. Reshetnikova

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Electromigration failure induced by interdiffusion between Al trace and Cu seed layer in the immortal microbump in three-dimensional integrated circuit by Yifan Yao, Yuxuan An, K.N. Tu, Yingxia Liu

“…The interdiffusion was attributed to the breakdown of the Ti barrier layer between the Al trace and Cu seed layer. When the current stress was continuously applied, a burn-out open circuit and catastrophic failure occurred in the circuit. …”
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Wafer-Scale Monolithic Integration of LEDs with p-GaN-Depletion MOSFETs on a GaN LED Epitaxial Layer by Boseong Son, Huijin Kim, Young-Woong Lee, Purusottam Reddy Bommireddy, Si-Hyun Park

“…We developed a monolithically integrated device consisting of a single GaN LED and two p-GaN-depletion MOSFETs on a GaN LED epitaxial layer. …”
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Strategic integration of electron transport layer for high-performance optimized lead-free double perovskite solar cells with temperature dependence by Fawad Aslam, M. Israr Ur Rehman, Junaid Riaz, Atef Masmoudi

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Reconfigurable Soft Actuators Constructed via Layer‐by‐layer Assembly by Qing Chen, Loghman Jamilpanah, Tina Künniger, Roman Furrer, Qun Song, Kai Zhang, Andrei Chumakov, Constantin Harder, Yusuf Bulut, Peter Müller‐Buschbaum, Stephan V. Roth, Artur Braun

“…Herein, a stimuli‐responsive and healable actuator is developed via layer‐by‐layer casting of two stimuli‐responsive materials with complementary properties. …”
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EFFECT OF MULTIPLE ULTRASONIC NANOCRYSTAL SURFACE MODIFICATION ON SURFACE INTEGRITY OF 304 STAINLESS STEEL by MA YunRui, LIAN Yang, LI ZhiKun, YE ZhongFei, LI Yang

“…The ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modification(UNSM)technique can build a strengthened layer with good surface integrity on the metal surface,and this layer improves the mechanical properties of metals.The effect of multiple UNSM on the surface integrity of 304 stainless steel was investigated,and a good strengthened layer was obtained.The surface of 304 stainless steel sample was strengthened by multiple UNSM technique,and the strengthened layers with different depths were prepared on the surface of the material.The hardness gradient,residual stress gradient,microstructure gradient and surface morphology of the sample were measured by using the microhardness tester,X⁃ray residual stress analyzer,3D morphometer and metallographic microscope.The results show that the grain size of 304 stainless steel is obviously refined after multiple UNSM treatment,and the thickness of the strengthened layer increases with the increase of treatment times.Comparing with the untreated sample,after two times of UNSM treatment,the residual stress on the surface of the sample increased from-156 MPa to-425 MPa,the depth of residual compressive stress reached 0.7 mm,and the surface microhardness increased from 185 HV0.2 to 350 HV0.2.The results show that the UNSM technology can build a deeper strengthening layer,but it needs to be optimized.…”
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Tracking Shaft Integrity of Jet Grouting Piles Injected in Soft Soil Layers Based on Sonic Integrity Test Method: A Case Study from Erdemli, Mersin Region, South Turkey by Ahmed Mohamed, Nihad Aljuboori, Azealdeen Al-Jawadi

“…SIT testing was performed on jet grouting piles by performing integrity tests on piles manufactured, which varied in length according to the field geology and the thickness of the soil layer. …”
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Designing Advanced Cryptographic Solutions for Cloud Storage Security through Dual-Layer Encryption Protocols by Paul Kobina Arhin Jnr, James Ben Hayfron-Acquah, Frimpong Twum, Alfred Kumah

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Development of Layer-by-Layer Magnetic Nanoparticles for Application to Radiotherapy of Pancreatic Cancer by Nobuyoshi Fukumitsu, Yoshitaka Matsumoto, Lili Chen, Yu Sugawara, Nanami Fujisawa, Eri Niiyama, Sosuke Ouchi, Emiho Oe, Takashi Saito, Mitsuhiro Ebara

“…This study introduces a novel drug delivery system using gemcitabine (GEM)-loaded layer-by-layer magnetic nanoparticles (LBL MNPs) combined with alternating magnetic field (AMF) application and X-ray irradiation to enhance therapeutic efficacy. …”
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Synergistic enhancement of pseudocapacitance behavior in supercapacitors through porous carbon and lignosulfonate integration by Bingjie Zhou, Yuankai Shao, Weikang Zhu, Shuoyao Yin, Zhenguo Li, Xiaoning Ren, Anqi Dong, Xi Liu, Yatao Liu, Yaodong Hao, Bin Ren, Wei Liu

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Encapsulation of Phase Change Materials Using Layer-by-Layer Assembled Polyelectrolytes by Qiangying Yi, Gleb B. Sukhorokov, Jin Ma, Xiaobo Yang, Zhongwei Gu

“…In this work, an environmentally friendly and low cost approach, layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly technique, was applied to build up ultrathin shells to encapsulate the PCMs and therefore to regulate their changes in volume when the phase change occurs. …”
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Self-supported and integrated Co3Al-layered bimetallic hydroxide nanoribbons on nickel foam enable efficient electrocatalytic water decomposition by Yan-Ming Jia, Fu Yang, Li-Juan Sun, Zhi-Yan Bai, Yu-Long Xie

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Sustainable Cultivation of <i>Galdieria phlegrea</i> in an IoT-Integrated Twin-Layer Photobioreactor: System Design, Growth Dynamics, and Isotopic Perspective by Maria Rosa di Cicco, Simona Altieri, Antonio Spagnuolo, Claudia Ciniglia, Chiara Germinario, Silvio Bove, Antonio Masiello, Carmela Vetromile, Iolanda Galante, Carmine Lubritto

“…This study showcases an attached-biomass system based on twin-layer technology for cultivating <i>Galdieria phlegrea</i> using municipal wastewater, equipped with a smart sensor system for the remote monitoring of operational parameters. …”
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A two-layer low-carbon economic planning method for park-level integrated energy systems with carbon-energy synergistic hub by Yunfei Mu, Haochen Guo, Zhijun Wu, Hongjie Jia, Xiaolong Jin, Yan Qi

“…Therefore, this paper proposes a two-layer low-carbon economic planning method for park-level integrated energy systems with carbon-energy synergistic hub (CESH). …”
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An Innovative Layer on Surface Acoustic Wave Sensors Integrated in a Cascade Impactor to Optimize PM10 Detection for Air Pollution Monitoring by Ghida Fawaz, Meddy Vanotti, Fatima-Ezzahraa Dbibih, Valérie Soumann, Sacha Poisson, Virginie Blondeau-Patissier

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Effect of discharge parameters on surface integrity and microstructure in electro discharge layering of Ni–Cr composite coating on AA2024 aluminium alloy by C. Asokan, U. Elaiyarasan, Malinee Sriariyanun, P. Baranitharan, S. R. Kalaivani

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Simple model and integral method for simulating the growth of the borided layer FeB/Fe2B on the AISI H13 steel by Youcef Djafri, Bendaoud Mebarek, Guerri Yassine El, Mourad Keddam, Naima Hadjadj

“…These two diffusion models did not consider the effect of boride incubation times of the total boride layer (FeB + Fe2B). The diffusion coefficients of boron in the FeB and Fe2B layers were estimated using the proposed integral method-based model. …”
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Fabricating rigid nano-grass layer on Ti6Al4V surface by dealloying for enhanced gingival soft tissue integration by Dongxuan Cai, Meiqi Zhao, Xi Liu, Guangwen Li, Yuqi Zhao, Haochen Wang, Lan Wang, Yide He, Yumei Zhang, Wen Song

“…Therefore, developing bioactive and rigid layer is a realistic strategy for clinical scenario. …”
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A Novel Earth-System Spatial Grid Model: ISEA4H-ESSG for Multi-Layer Geoscience Data Integration and Analysis by Yue Ma, Guoqing Li, Long Zhao, Xiaochuang Yao

“…This paper presents a novel Earth-System Stratified Grid (ISEA4H-ESSG) model, designed to address the challenges in multi-layer geoscience data management and analysis. In the realm of geosciences, which encompasses the solid earth, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere, as well as planetary and space sciences, the effective integration of diverse data sources is crucial. …”
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Elevating the photodecolorization efficiency for synthetic and actual colored wastewater through the integration of chitosan and zinc oxide layers on a fiberglass flat sheets by Riki Subagyo, Saepurahman Saepurahman, Elfirza Zain, Sri Hartati, Lei Zhang, Kiki Adi Kurnia, Arramel Arramel, Ratna Ediati, Syafsir Akhlus, Yuly Kusumawati

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