The maternal microbiome in pregnancy, delivery, and early‐stage development of neonatal microbiome after cesarean section: A prospective longitudinal study by Philipp Foessleitner, Petra Pjevac, Sonja Granser, Lukas Wisgrill, Lisa Pummer, Fanny Eckel, David Seki, David Berry, Bela Hausmann, Alex Farr

“…Abstract Introduction Changes within the maternal microbiome during the last trimester of pregnancy and the determinants of the subsequent neonatal microbiome establishment after delivery by elective cesarean section are described. Material and methods Maternal vaginal and rectal microbiome samples were collected in the last trimester and before cesarean section; intrauterine cavity, placenta, neonatal buccal mucosa, skin, and meconium samples were obtained at birth; neonatal sample collection was repeated 2–3 days postnatally. …”
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New insights in fluid monitoring for surgical patients. A concept study by Audrius Andrijauskas, Povilas Andrijauskas, Darius Dilijonas, Tomas Jovaiša, Vaidotas Marozas, Vaidotas Marozas, Edgaras Stankevičius, Axel Kerroum, Darius Čincikas, Saulė Švedienė, Giedrius Kvederas, Narūnas Porvaneckas, Christer Svensen

“…PurposeThis study evaluates the primary hypothesis of red cell mass (RCM) dependent amplitude of homeostatically acceptable limits of fluctuation in plasma dilution by exploring the correlation between RCM-specific equilibrated hematocrit (EQ_Hct) and amplitude of plasma dilution during perioperative mini Volume Loading Test (mVLT).Materials and methodsWe retrospectively analyzed data from our previous RCTs, including 1,651 invasive arterial plasma dilution (aPD), 1,645 noninvasive “capillary” plasma dilution (cPD) and 236 estimates of EQ_Hct from 236 perioperative mVLT sessions. …”
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Incidence and risk factor of blood transfusion after abdominal radical hysterectomy for cervical cancer: a 10-year retrospective study of the US nationwide inpatient sample by Chuan Chen, BenLi Zhu, Youfeng Wang, Yangyang Zhao, Gang Chen, Ying Peng, Ying Peng, Xinyu Wang, Hao Xie, Ying Zhou, Juan Lin

“…Independent risk factors for blood transfusion during abdominal radical hysterectomy remains limited, and identifying these factors is needed. Methods A retrospective analysis of data was performed using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS), focusing on patients who underwent abdominal radical hysterectomy between 2010 and 2019. …”
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Increased dietary acid load May elevate the risk of coronary artery disease severity: Findings from a cross-sectional study by Zeinab Ghorbani, Fatemeh Dashti, Zahra Saeedirad, Amir Aris, Marjan Mahdavi-Roshan, Arsalan Salari

“…This study aims to examine the relationship between Potential Renal Acid Load (PRAL) and Net Endogenous Acid Production (NEAP) and the risk of severe coronary artery disease (CAD) in participants undergoing elective angiography. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the data of 895 participants from the Nutrition Heshmat Registry (NUTHER) was collected. …”
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Reducing the length of hospital stay for patients undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty by application of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathway: a multicenter, prospe... by Chenxi Liao, Xingning Lai, Jie Zhong, Wencong Zeng, Jiannan Zhang, Wanxin Deng, Jiayun Shu, Haobo Zhong, Liangyu Cai, Ren Liao

“…The authors hypothesized that application of the ERAS pathway can reduce the length of hospital stay (LOS) for patients undergoing primary TKA. Materials and Methods This multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled trial was conducted from February 1, 2021 to January 31, 2023, and included patients undergoing elective primary TKA. 320 patients were randomly assigned to either the ERAS group (practice according to the ERAS pathway) or the control group (without ERAS pathway implementation) in a 1:1 ratio. …”
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The effect of chewing gum on postoperative ileus after laparotomy for gastroduodenal perforations: a randomized controlled trial by Joshua Muhumuza, Selamo F. Molen, Godefroy N. Bassara, Musa A. Waziri, Stephen M. Kithinji, Kiyaka M. Sonye, Mugisho M. Leocadie, ByaMungu P. Kagenderezo, Esperant T Tshimanga, Tatana M. Faustin, Herman Lule

“…Compelling evidence from studies on elective procedures demonstrates that chewing gum can lessen the duration of ileus. …”
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Risk factors for rectal bleeding in prostate cancer after radiotherapy with a validation of current rectal dose constraints by Ellen Lund Schaldemose, Christine Vestergaard Madsen, Ahmed Hussein Zedan, Martin Berg, Henrik Dahl Nissen, Terje Andersen, Bjarke Mortensen, Lars Ulrik Fokdal

“…This study investigates risk factors for rectal bleeding and validate our current rectal dose constraints in a real-world setting. Material and methods: This prospective study includes 248 prostate cancer patients who received EBRT between 2017-2022. …”
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Mitochondrial Dysfunction Contributes to Sustained Muscle Loss After Cardiac Surgery: A Prospective Observational Study by Ashley N. Thomas, Antonis Kalakoutas, Martin Yates, John Yap, Julie Sanders, Paul Kemp, Mark J. D. Griffiths

“…To include muscle recovery, patients' muscle phenotype beyond the first week after surgery and up to their return as outpatients was studied and correlated with protein and metabolomic markers. Methods Patients undergoing elective aortic valve surgery were recruited. …”
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Impact of adding dexmedetomidine to various lidocaine concentrations in the interscalene brachial plexus block for upper limb surgery by В.І. Коломаченко, І.Ю. Одинець, О.Є. Гавриков, В.І. Купін

“…The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of adding dexmedetomidine to lidocaine solutions of different concentrations in the interscalene brachial plexus block by examining the onset time and duration of motor block and analgesia. Materials and methods. The study included 75 patients who underwent elective upper limb surgery under interscalene brachial plexus block. …”
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National Healthcare Transformation Program in Saudi Arabia: Awareness of the New Models of Care Among Health Professionals by Althuwaybi MA, Alshammari TM, Tharkar S, Alodhayani AA, Al-Muammar M, Abulmeaty M, Almutari KM

“…Participants exhibited a strong awareness of preventive care (91%), urgent care (84%), chronic disease care (84%), and mother and childcare (70%) models, whereas awareness of elective (54.8%) and palliative care (55.4%) was notably lower. …”
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Fear of childbirth in pregnancy was not increased during the COVID‐19 pandemic in the Netherlands: a cross‐sectional study by Sanne J. M. Zilver, Yvette M. G. A. Hendrix, Birit F. P. Broekman, Robert A. deLeeuw, Christianne J. M. deGroot, Maria G. vanPampus

“…The aim of this study was to investigate fear of childbirth during the pandemic in the Netherlands compared with a reference group from before the pandemic. Material and methods We conducted a cross‐sectional study to evaluate pregnant women during the first and second waves of COVID‐19 compared with both each other and with pregnant women from before the pandemic. …”
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The effect of prehabilitation for older patients awaiting total hip replacement. A randomized controlled trial with long-term follow up by Odd-Einar Svinøy, Jakob Vangen Nordbø, Are Hugo Pripp, May Arna Risberg, Astrid Bergland, Pål Oliver Borgen, Gunvor Hilde

“…The aim of this study was to evaluate efficacy of preoperative exercises and education (AktivA®) for adults 70 years or older awaiting total hip replacement. Methods In a two-armed randomized controlled trial we recruited 98 participants aged 70 years or older with a Harris Hip Score less than 60 awaiting elective primary total hip replacement. …”
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Total Hip Arthroplasty Among Superobese Patients: Proceed With Caution by Sagar Telang, MD, Ryan Palmer, MD, Brian C. Chung, MD, Jacob R. Ball, MD, Kurt Hong, MD PhD, Jay R. Lieberman, MD, Nathanael D. Heckmann, MD

“…Using a large modern cohort, this study seeks to quantify the risk of infection and surgical, medical, and thromboembolic complications among superobese THA patients. Methods: The Premier Healthcare Database was queried to identify all primary elective THA patients between 2016 and 2021. …”
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Midterm Outcomes of Transfibular Total Ankle Arthroplasty: Clinical and Radiographic Analysis of 130 Cases with Minimum 5-Year Follow-Up by Jonathan Day MD, Amanda N. Fletcher MD, MSc, Morgan Motsay BS, Maggie K. Manchester BS, Mark Arthur MD, Zijun Zhang PhD, MD, Lew C. Schon MD

“…Reoperations were mostly elective removal of fibular hardware or medial impingement. …”
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Does Specialty Matter? A Comparison of Early Postoperative Clinical Outcomes Following Lower Extremity Amputations Between Orthopaedic Surgeon and Vascular Surgeon by Shaya Shahsavarani MD, Oliver Sogard MD, Wonyong Lee MD

“…Our study aims to fill this gap by analyzing data from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP). Methods: This study analyzed data from NSQIP spanning the years 2016 to 2018, focusing on patients who underwent primary lower extremity amputations. …”
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Comparative study of Bupivacaine with magnesium sulfate versus bupivacaine with dexmedetomidine in peripheral nerve stimulator-guided transversus abdominis plane block for post-ope... by Himanshu Sharma, Roopesh Kumar, Ashok Mittal, Mahesh Verma

“…Aims and Objective: The objective was to compare magnesium sulfate and dexmedetomidine as adjuvants to bupivacaine (0.25%) in a transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block using a peripheral nerve stimulator (PNS) for post-operative pain relief in parturients undergoing caesarean delivery. Materials and Methods: A total of 150 pregnant women of ASA Grade I and II in the age range of 18–40, underwent elective cesarean delivery under the subarachnoid block, were divided into three groups of 50 each: Group A (bupivacaine and normal saline), Group B (bupivacaine and MgSO4), and Group C (bupivacaine and dexmedetomidine). …”
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The effectiveness of dexmedetomidine cardioprotection during vascular surgery in high cardiac risk patients by I. A. Kozlov, D. A. Sokolov, P. A. Lyuboshevsky

“…The objective was to study the occurrence of perioperative cardiovascular complications (CVС) and clinical and laboratory cardioprotection parameters in patients treated with dexmedetomidine infusion in perioperative period of vascular surgery.Materials and methods. The study involved 204 patients with high cardiac risk (revised cardiac risk index > 2, risk of perioperative myocardial infarction or cardiac arrest > 1%) who underwent elective vascular surgery. …”
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Pregnancy outcomes in C3 glomerulopathy: a retrospective review by Lauren O. Fergus, Meryl Waldman, Monica D. Hall, Lynn Vining, Jillian Hall, Tina Liu, Yuzhou Zhang, Patrick J. Walker, Richard J. H. Smith, Carla M. Nester

“…Little is known of the impact of pregnancy on the natural history of C3G or whether a coincident diagnosis of C3G affects maternal-fetal outcomes. Methods Female subjects from the University of Iowa’s C3G Natural History Study who met consensus biopsy criteria were included if they had at least one pregnancy and available renal/obstetric data. …”
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Effects of esketamine combined with thoracic paravertebral block on postoperative early sleep in patients undergoing thoracoscopic lobectomy by LI Wenyan, ZHANG Yong, ZHANG Chen, SHI Li

“…Objective To observe the effects of continuous intravenous infusion of esketamine combined with thoracic paravertebral nerve block (TPVB) on postoperative early sleep, analgesia, and recovery quality in patients undergoing thoracoscopic lobectomy. Methods A total of 76 patients scheduled for elective thoracoscopic lobectomy at Nanjing First Hospital from January 2023 to January 2024 were randomly divided into two groups: the control group (C group) and the esketamine group (E group), with 38 patients in each group. …”
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UK poSt Arthroplasty Follow-up rEcommendations (UK SAFE): what does analysis of linked, routinely collected national datasets tell us about mid–late term revision risk after knee r... by Andrew Judge, Sarah R Kingsbury, Nigel K Arden, Rafael Pinedo-Villanueva, Lindsay K Smith, Cesar Garriga, Antonella Delmestri, Martin Stone

“…Objective To identify patients at risk of mid-late term revision of knee replacement (KR) to inform targeted follow-up.Design Analysis of linked national datasets from primary and secondary care (Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD GOLD), National Joint Registry (NJR), English Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) and Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs)).Participants Primary elective KRs aged ≥18 years.Event of interest Revision surgery ≥5 years (mid–late term) postprimary KR.Statistical methods Cox regression modelling to ascertain risk factors of mid–late term revision. …”
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