Advances in Deep Learning for Semantic Segmentation of Low-Contrast Images: A Systematic Review of Methods, Challenges, and Future Directions by Claudio Urrea, Maximiliano Vélez

“…It tackles primary challenges, such as diffuse boundaries and regions with similar pixel intensities, which limit conventional methods. Key advancements include attention mechanisms, multi-scale feature extraction, and hybrid architectures combining Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) with Vision Transformers (ViTs), which expand the Effective Receptive Field (ERF), improve feature representation, and optimize information flow. …”
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Young, Healthy, Underweight Women Require Higher Effective Doses of Propofol for Successful Gastroscope Insertion: a Dose-Finding Study Using Dixon’s Up-and-Down Method by Zhu Q, Cui L, Li X, Li Q, Wang Y

“…The initial induction dose of propofol was 2.0 mg/kg, and subsequent doses were adjusted using the modified Dixon’s up-and-down method (step size: 0.1 mg/kg). The 50% and 95% effective dose of propofol (ED50 and ED95), defined as the doses required for successful gastroscope insertion in 50% and 95% of patients, respectively, were determined using the modified Dixon’s up-and-down method and isotonic regression analysis. …”
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A simple and cost-effective real-time PCR method using diluted and heat-treated whole blood lysate by Gökçe Güllü Amuran, Büşra Polat, Abdülkadir Kahraman, Mustafa Akkiprik

“…GG-RT PCR presents a cost effective option for applications such as SNP analysis and deletion detection if appropriate primer designs are made.…”
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High quality RNA extraction from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other bacteria with a novel rapid and cost-effective method by Ivan Stoikov, Ivan Nikolaev Ivanov, Deyan Donchev, Elina Dobreva, Rumyana Hristova, Stefana Sabtcheva

“…FACTS is a novel RNA extraction method for rapid highly effective extraction of high-quality RNA from P. aeruginosa and can be used as a cost-efficient alternative to other methods in gene expression studies.…”
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RM-CSTV: An effective high-resolution method of non-line-of-sight millimeter-wave radar 3-D imaging by Liu Xinyuan, Wei Shunjun, Pu Wei, Cai Xiang, Wen Yanbo, Guo Shisheng, Kong Lingjiang

“…The experiments with multi-type NLOS targets show that the proposed RM-CSTV method can provide effective and high-resolution NLOS targets 3-D imaging.…”
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What Strategies Are Effective to Support Food Security in Slow‐Onset Disasters? A Mixed‐Method Systematic Review of the Literature by Hiep N. Le, Ernesta Sofija, Neil Harris, Reny Noviasty, Thu Nguyen, Hai Phung

“…Findings from the mixed‐methods approach also highlight the double‐edged effects of adaptation strategies and the notable absence of reliable intervention evidence using randomized controlled trials. …”
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Shaken, not stirred: magnetic bead DNA extraction as a rapid and effective method for the scaling up of bovine tuberculosis diagnosis by V Lorente-Leal, A Gomez-Buendia, A Gutiérrez-Tobaruela, L de Juan, J Bezos, B Romero

“…Abstract Background The growing use of real-time PCR (qPCR) as a diagnostic method for bovine TB (bTB) requires rapid and effective DNA extraction methods, which are crucial for its success. …”
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The Quantification of Vitamin D in Humans: A Promising, Non-Invasive and Cost-Effective Method to Measure 25-Hydroxyvitamin D by Giulia Squillacioti, Samar El Sherbiny, Veronica Lettico, Federica Ghelli, Marco Panizzolo, Giacomo Scaioli, Manuela Martella, Selene Limoncelli, Giulio Mengozzi, Roberto Bono

“…This study aimed to assess 25(OH)D levels in unconventional matrices using cost-effective analytical methods. Methods: Serum, urine, and saliva were collected from 62 healthy, non-smoking volunteers, 25–44 years of age. …”
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Enzymatic Hydrolysis as an Effective Method for Obtaining Wheat Gluten Hydrolysates Combining Beneficial Functional Properties with Health-Promoting Potential by Magdalena Mika, Agnieszka Wikiera

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A traction load modeling method of metro trains based on the regenerative braking energy effective utilization and its application by SHI Dan, GAO Dongsheng, YANG Rui

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An innovative constructional and technical method of using a prefabricated, dowelled reinforced concrete slab for effective repairs of airport pavements by Bartosz Swierzewski, Mariusz Wesolowski

“…The performed dimensioning and static - strength analysis of the prefabricated airport slab using the finite element method in the aspect of the global state of effort of the structure confirmed that the technical solution with the use of a dowel joint was properly designed, because it has a positive effect on the redistribution of loads transfer between cooperating prefabricated slabs. …”
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An Effective and Efficient Sample Preparation Method for 2-Methyl-Isoborneol and Geosmin in Fish and Their Analysis by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry by Liang-liang Tian, Feng Han, Essy Kouadio Fodjo, Wenlei Zhai, Xuan-Yun Huang, Cong Kong, Yong-Fu Shi, You-Qiong Cai

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Laboratory study of the silica removal in water by electro-Fenton method: Effect of operational parameters by Fathi Djouider, Essam Banoqitah, Abdulsalam Alhawsawi

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The effects of sports participation on the dental age in adolescents by Tolga Emek, Derya Ceyhan

“…PurposeThe present study aims to assess the effect of sports on the dental maturity using two different dental age assessment methods and to determine whether there is a significant correlation between dental maturity and body mass index.Materials and MethodsOne hundred and thirty-eight students from Sports High School (study group) and 126 from Fine Arts High School (control group) with standard panoramic radiographs were included in the study. …”
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Numerical Simulation of a Hybrid Nanocomposite Containing Ca-CO3 and Short Glass Fibers Subjected to Tensile Loading by Minoo Dokht Shokrian, Karim Shelesh-Nezhad, Behzad H Soudmand

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Strategies to Ensure Effective and Safe Patient Care in Intensive Care Units During Biological Events: A Delphi Study by Mojtaba Rad, Masoud Fallahi-Khshknab, Farahnaz Mohammadi Shahboulaghi, Kian Nourozi, Hamidreza Khankeh

Subjects: “…effective and safe care…”
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Application of mathematical modeling for describing the behavior of layered panels with a tetrahedral core by Antonova Olga, Ivanov Maksim, Mikhailov Aleksandr, Kuzmin Valerii

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VenusMutHub—A benchmark for protein mutation effect prediction by Junlin Yu, Guobo Li

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The Effect of Story Drifts in Determining the Earthquake Performance of High-Rise Buildings by Mehmet Gokhan Guler, Kadir Guler

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Effect of Zr Doping on Structure and Ferroelectric Properties of Nanostructured Barium Titanate by Mohamed M. Salem, Aseel M. Altarawneh, Yamen A. Alibwaini, Ryad Ghazy, Osama M. Hemeda, Di Zhou, Moustafa A. Darwish, M. Khalid Hossain, Daria I. Tishkevich, Tatiana I. Zubar, Ekaterina L. Trukhanova, Alex V. Trukhanov, Sergei V. Trukhanov, Maha Mostafa

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