Innovative multi-class segmentation for brain tumor MRI using noise diffusion probability models and enhancing tumor boundary recognition by Zengxin Liu, Caiwen Ma, Wenji She, Meilin Xie

“…Comparative analyses underscore its superiority over existing methods, emphasizing efficiency and simplicity in clinical implementation. …”
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Mechanistic Studies of H₂ Adsorption and Diffusion in Low-Rank Coals: A Discussion on Geologic Hydrogen Storage by Xiaoxu Gao, Sixin Fu, Jinzhang Jia, Hailong Song, Hao Tian

“…An in-depth investigation of the adsorption and diffusion mechanism of hydrogen in low-rank coals is of great significance for optimizing the technical path of geological hydrogen storage and improving the efficiency of hydrogen storage. …”
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Design of 2D-Scanning Bifocal Metalens Antenna Using ControlNet-Enabled Stable Diffusion Deep Generative Model by Cedric W. L. Lee, Peng Khiang Tan, Theng Huat Gan

“…This is accomplished while upholding a measured high peak aperture efficiency of 44.8% and a 3-dB gain bandwidth of 16.5%. …”
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Enhancing image security via chaotic maps, Fibonacci, Tribonacci transformations, and DWT diffusion: a robust data encryption approach by Mohammad Mazyad Hazzazi, Mujeeb Ur Rehman, Arslan Shafique, Amer Aljaedi, Zaid Bassfar, Aminu Bello Usman

“…Balancing these two aspects poses a challenge, aiming to achieve efficient encryption without compromising security. …”
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Machine Learning Prediction of CO₂ Diffusion in Brine: Model Development and Salinity Influence Under Reservoir Conditions by Qaiser Khan, Peyman Pourafshary, Fahimeh Hadavimoghaddam, Reza Khoramian

“…The diffusion coefficient (DC) of CO₂ in brine is a key parameter in geological carbon sequestration and CO₂-Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR), as it governs mass transfer efficiency and storage capacity. …”
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Optimization using response surface methodology for Eyring-powell fluid flow with Cattaneo-Christov heat flux and cross diffusion effects by Pradeep Kumar, Vidhya K G, Felicita Almeida, Qasem Al-Mdallal

“…The optimization of heat transfer in engineering applications has significant implications for product performance and efficiency. This study investigates the flow and heat transfer characteristics of Eyring-Powell fluid over a curved sheet, incorporating complex phenomena such as magnetic dipoles, Cattaneo-Christov heat flux, and cross-diffusion effects. …”
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Better Cone-Beam CT Artifact Correction via Spatial and Channel Reconstruction Convolution Based on Unsupervised Adversarial Diffusion Models by Guoya Dong, Yutong He, Xuan Liu, Jingjing Dai, Yaoqin Xie, Xiaokun Liang

“…We propose a new unsupervised CBCT image artifact correction algorithm, named Spatial Convolution Diffusion (ScDiff), based on a conditional diffusion model, which combines the unsupervised learning ability of generative adaptive networks (GAN) with the stable training characteristics of diffusion models. …”
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Discovery of Diffuse Radio Emission in a Massive z = 1.709 Cool Core Cluster: A Candidate Radio Minihalo by Julie HLavacek-Larrondo, Roland Timmerman, Christoph Pfrommer, Erik Osinga, Larissa Tevlin, Tracy M. A. Webb, Natalia Martorella, Xiaoyuan Zhang, Reinout van Weeren, Hyunseop Choi, Gabriella Di Gennaro, Marie-Lou Gendron-Marsolais, Carter Rhea

“…Clusters of galaxies host spectacular diffuse radio sources, extending over scales from 100 kpc to several Mpcs. …”
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Pore-scale evaluation of CO2 miscible displacement in porous rocks induced by convection and diffusion: implications for CO2 geo-sequestration by Xiangjie Qin, Han Wang, Jinsui Wu, Gang Wang, David A. Wood, Jianchao Cai

“…Both convection and diffusion contribute to improving CO2 displacement efficiency. …”
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Nitric Oxide‐Releasing Nanoscale Metal‐Organic Layer Overcomes Hypoxia and Reactive Oxygen Species Diffusion Barriers to Enhance Cancer Radiotherapy by Yuxuan Xiong, Jinhong Li, Xiaomin Jiang, Wenyao Zhen, Xin Ma, Wenbin Lin

“…The released NO rapidly reacts with O2−. to form long‐lived and highly cytotoxic peroxynitrite which diffuses freely to the cell nucleus and efficiently causes DNA double‐strand breaks. …”
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Neural SHAKE: geometric constraints in neural differential equations by Justin S. Diamond, Markus A. Lill

“…This technique generates lower-energy molecular conformations, enables more efficient subspace exploration, and formally subsumes classifier-guidance-type methods by treating geometric constraints as strict algebraic conditions within the diffusion process. …”
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Enhancement of Image Reconstruction in Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM)-Based Communication System Using Conditional Diffusion Model of Generative AI by Soohyun Kim, Jinwook Kim, Youngghyu Sun, Joonho Seon, Seongwoo Lee, Byungsun Hwang, Jeongho Kim, Kyounghun Kim, Jinyoung Kim

“…The orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) transmission technique is well known to be efficient for data transmission but is susceptible to performance degradation due to factors such as high-order modulation schemes, multipath fading, and noise. …”
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Numerical Study of Multi-Term Time-Fractional Sub-Diffusion Equation Using Hybrid L1 Scheme with Quintic Hermite Splines by Priyanka Priyanka, Shelly Arora, Saroj Sahani, Sharandeep Singh

“…Anomalous diffusion of particles has been described by the time-fractional reaction–diffusion equation. …”
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Novel gas-diffusion microextraction followed by gas chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry methodology for the determination of fragrance allergens in cosmetic products by Ana Castiñeira-Landeira, Angel Gomez-Feas, Antonia M. Carro, Thierry Dagnac, Paulo J. Almeida, Maria Llompart

“…An efficient sample preparation method using gas-diffusion microextraction (GDME) followed by gas chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) is proposed for the first time to determine fragrance allergens in both aqueous and alcohol-based cosmetic products. …”
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A Detailed Numerical Study of NOx Kinetics in Counterflow Methane Diffusion Flames: Effects of Fuel-Side versus Oxidizer-Side Dilution by Huanhuan Xu, Fengshan Liu, Zhiqiang Wang, Xiaohan Ren, Juan Chen, Qiang Li, Zilin Zhu

“…Dilution combustion has been widely utilized due to various merits, such as enhanced efficiency, fewer pollutants emissions, and even a promising future in alleviating global warming. …”
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Mathematical Theory of Social Conformity I: Belief Dynamics, Propaganda Limits, and Learning Times in Networked Societies by Dimitri Volchenkov, Vakhtang Putkaradze

“…Our results yield closed-form theorems on propaganda efficiency, saturation depth in hierarchical trees, and structural limits of ideological manipulation. …”
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Enhanced Numerical Solutions for Fractional PDEs Using Monte Carlo PINNs Coupled with Cuckoo Search Optimization by Tauqeer Ahmad, Muhammad Sulaiman, David Bassir, Fahad Sameer Alshammari, Ghaylen Laouini

“…There is a further enhancement in the application of quasi-Monte Carlo assessment that comes with high efficiency and computational solutions to estimates of fractional derivatives. …”
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Advanced imaging of gas diffusion layers: A comparison between focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy and X-ray computed tomography by Hossein Pourrahmani, Thomas B. Ferriday, Raha Razmara, Hossein Madi, Jan Van herle

“…Proton exchange membrane fuel cells are known to be the best candidates for low-temperature and portable operations, such as hydrogen cars. The efficiency and longevity of these fuel cells can be feasible through detailed microstructural analysis. …”
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Einstein frequency of individual chalcogen bonds in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 and Cu(In,Ga)S2: Indicator of diffusion property of Cu, In, and Ga atoms by Kosuke Beppu, Fumiaki Amano, Seiji Yamazoe, Takahiro Wada

“…Elucidating the characteristics of the Cu-Se, In-Se, and Ga-Se bonds in chalcopyrite-type Cu(In,Ga)Se2-based semiconductors can aid the design and fabrication of highly efficient thin-film photovoltaic devices. In this study, we used extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) analyses to evaluate the characteristics of chemical bonds in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 and Cu(In,Ga)S2 powder samples at low temperatures (10–300 K). …”
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The average relative dose intensity of R‐CHOP is an independent factor determining favorable overall survival in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma patients by Monika Długosz‐Danecka, Sebastian Szmit, Tomasz Ogórka, Aleksander B. Skotnicki, Wojciech Jurczak

“…Abstract The prognosis of diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients depends on lymphoma‐ and patient‐related risk factors and is best estimated by the international prognostic index (IPI). …”
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