Visible light photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline using copper ferrite nanoparticles synthesized via Glycine-Assisted combustion method by A. Dinesh, K. Radhakrishnan, V. Renuga, Rajendra P. Patil, Suriyaprakash Rajadesingu, S. Suthakaran, L. Guganathan, Manikandan Ayyar, Madhappan Santhamoorthy, Lalitha Gnanasekaran, Munawar Iqbal

“…X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to check the phase’s structure and purity, FT-IR was used to find out what functional groups were present, UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) was used to look at the optical properties, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to see the structure’s shape. …”
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Synergetic Enhancement of the Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2 with Visible Light by Sensitization Using a Novel Push-Pull Zinc Phthalocyanine by A. Luna-Flores, M. A. Valenzuela, J. A. Luna-López, A. D. Hernández de la Luz, L. C. Muñoz-Arenas, M. Méndez-Hernández, J. L. Sosa-Sánchez

“…The hybrid photocatalyst was characterized by UV-Vis diffuse reflectance (DRS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and its photocatalytic activity was compared with that of the individual components considering the effects of sensitization on their efficiency to degrade Rhodamine B as a model reaction. …”
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Novel furfural-complexed approach to synthesizing carbon-Doped ZnO with breakthrough photocatalytic efficacy by Sajid Ali Ansari, Nazish Parveen, Abdullah Aljaafari, Adil Alshoaibi, Ghayah M. Alsulaim, Mir Waqas Alam, Mohd Zahid Ansari

“…The influence of furfural on the synthesis process and doping mechanism was analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). Results: XPS confirmed the integration of carbon within the ZnO matrix, and XRD indicated increased lattice dimensions owing to doping. …”
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Fabrication of Titanium Dioxide/Carbon Fiber (TiO2/CF) Composites for Removal of Methylene Blue (MB) from Aqueous Solution with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity by Hao Cheng, Wenkang Zhang, Xinmei Liu, Tingfan Tang, Jianhua Xiong

“…The prepared samples are evidently investigated by X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectrum, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, respectively. …”
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Multifunctional hybrid films made from CoT3OTx4 and CoFeT2OT4 nanoparticles inside a poly 3-hydroxybutyrate matrix and study of their impact in methyl orange photodegradation. by Lan J Bernal-Sánchez, América R Vázquez-Olmos, Roberto Y Sato-Berrú, Esther Mata-Zamora, Margarita Rivera, Vicente Garibay-Febles

“…The optical band gap for Co3O4 and CoFe2O4 NPs was estimated from their diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS) around 2.5 eV. X-ray diffraction (XRD) of the hybrid films revealed that the nanometric sizes of the Co3O4 and CoFe2O4 nanoparticles incorporated into the P3HB are preserved. …”
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Tunable properties of silver (Ag) substituted BaFe2O4 nanoparticles for photovoltaic (PV) applications by Irum Shahid Khan, Iftikhar Hussain Gul

“…A broad inspection has been performed on structural, magneto-electric, dielectric, and optical properties uncovering potential of Ag incorporated barium ferrite nano particles using X-ray diffraction, Vibrating sample magnetometer, Multiferroic system, Impedance Analyzer, UV visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, Fluorescence spectrophotometer and Photoluminescence (PL) system. …”
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Synthesis, Characterization, and Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2 Microspheres Functionalized with Porphyrin by Jin-Hua Cai, Jin-Wang Huang, Han-Cheng Yu, Liang-Nian Ji

“…In order to utilize visible light more efficiently in the photocatalytic reaction, TiO2 microspheres sensitized by 5-(4-allyloxy)phenyl-10,15,20-tri(4-methylphenyl)porphyrin (APTMPP) were prepared and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), nitrogen physisorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and so forth, The characterization results indicated that APTMPP-MPS-TiO2 was composed of the anatase crystal phase. …”
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Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of BiOBr/ZnO Heterojunction Semiconductors Prepared by Facile Hydrothermal Method by Xiangchao Meng, Lingyun Jiang, Weiwen Wang, Zisheng Zhang

“…Meanwhile, the optical properties of the composites were measured by the diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS). The band gap of composites was also calculated using the classical Tauc equation and it was found to be around 3.0 eV. …”
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Sustainable synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles from gambier leaf extract for enhanced DSSC photocurrent response by Nofrijon Sofyan, Yetria Rilda, Andriayani, Fiona Angellinnov, Mouna M'rad, Muhammad, Aga Ridhova, Akhmad Herman Yuwono, Donanta Dhaneswara

“…The optical, structural, and morphological properties of the synthesized NPs were investigated using UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (FESEM/EDS), Raman spectroscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy coupled with selected area diffraction (HRTEM/SAED). …”
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Ab initio and experimental study of sulphur/samarium codoped-TiO2 and its visible light photocatalytic activity towards the degradation of orange II dye by Moro Haruna, Charles Kwame Bandoh, Francis Opoku, Eric Selorm Agorku

“…Analytical techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), UV-Visible spectrophotometry, scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterized the photocatalysts. …”
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Blue to Yellow Photoluminescence Emission and Photocatalytic Activity of Nitrogen Doping in TiO2 Powders by Gabriela Byzynski, Caue Ribeiro, Elson Longo

“…The resulting powders were characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy, and photoluminescence emission spectroscopy (PL). …”
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Spectroscopic analysis (UV-VIS-NIR) for predictive modeling of macro and micronutrients in grapevine leaves by J.I. Manzano, M. Rodríguez-Febereiro, M. Fandiño, M. Vilanova, J.J. Cancela

“…Hence, there is a considerable demand for a swift technique to analyze vine organs. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy coupled with chemometric methods emerges as a potent, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly analytical technique for determining nutrient concentrations in plants. …”
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Ball milling preparation and the effect of calcination temperature on the photocatalytic performance of titanium dioxide by Israa Zahwa, Ahmad Kassas, Mohamed Mouyane, Jérôme Bernard, Javier Navas, Tayssir Hamieh, David Houivet

“…Characterization techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and UV–Vis spectroscopy using the diffuse reflectance mode (DRS), were employed to evaluate phase composition, surface properties, and optical band gap variations. …”
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Green synthesis of ultrafine zinc oxide nanoparticles for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue dye: Optimization and kinetic studies by Muthusamy Kandasamy, Santhanakrishnan Suresh, Perumal Rameshkumar, Rajendran Jayasree, Panneerselvam Sathishkumar, Prem Gunnasegaran, Niraj S Topare, Sekar Thambidurai, Jemini Arumugam, Rajendran Jothilakshmi, Nalandhiran Pugazhenthiran

“…The prepared ZnO NPs were systematically characterized by X-ray diffraction, Rietveld refinement, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and UV–Visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy techniques. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the development of ZnO NPs with hexagonal wurtzite structure. …”
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Tailoring Al-Doped ZnO Nanoparticles via Scalable High-Energy Ball Milling–Solid-State Reaction: Structural, Optical, and Dielectric Insights for Light-Activated Antimicrobial Defe... by Zurayfah Al-Shammari, Imen Massoudi, Amani Rached, Ibtisam Ababutain, Azzah Alghamdi, Reem Aldakheel, Kamal Amin, Essam Kotb, Amor Ben Ali

“…This study reports the synthesis of aluminum-doped ZnO nanoparticles (Al-ZnO NPs) via a top-down mechanochemical solid-state reaction (SSR) approach using high-energy ball milling (HEBM) as a rapid, controllable, and efficient method. Al-ZnO samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. …”
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Synthesis O-g-C₃N₄/TiO₂ rutile composite material for photocatalytic application by M. E. Bondarenko, P. M. Silenko, Yu. M. Solonin, N. I. Gubareni, O. Yu. Khyzhun, N. Yu. Ostapovskaya

“…Obtaining O-g-C3N4/TiO2 binary composite was confirmed through various analytical techniques including X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectra (UV-Vis-DRS) methods. …”
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The shifting regulation and competition interface by Max Huffman

“…While competition policy might be favoured early in the growth of an industry, when the efficient outcomes are unknown and unknowable, regulation is a preferred approach when the industry is mature, inno- vation has slowed, and gains come from operational efficiencies rather than techno- logical changes. …”
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Fe-TiO2 Nanoparticles Synthesized by Green Chemistry for Potential Application in Waste Water Photocatalytic Treatment by Ricardo A. Solano, Adriana P. Herrera, David Maestre, Ana Cremades

“…The cathodoluminescence (CL) and photoluminescence (PL) studies of the doped and undoped nanoparticles show a luminescence signal attributed to surface oxygen vacancies (visible CL emission 380–700 nm and PL emission 350–800 nm); additionally, a decrease in emission intensity is observed due the inhibition of the recombination of the photogenerated electron-holes pairs; moreover, nanopowders were analyzed by UV-Vis spectrophotometry of diffuse reflectance, and the absorption edge of the Fe-TiO2 in comparison to undoped TiO2 is extended greatly toward the visible light. …”
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Surface and quantum chemical parameters of nickel oxide nanostructures suited for ultraviolet-assisted cationic dye degradation by G. Rathika, R. Jagadeeswari, T. Sathiyapriya, P. Selvakumar

“…Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and energy dispersive X-ray were employed to analyze the functional group and elemental composition of NiO NPs. The ultraviolet diffuse reflectance spectra indicated an optical band gap of 3.08 eV for synthesized NiO nanoparticles. …”
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Synthesis of Zinc Oxide-based nanocomposites for photocatalytic removal of contaminant by Maryam Tondkar Mobaraki, Hassan Zavvar Mousavi, Hadi Fallah Moafi, Mohammad Moghadam

“…The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). The XRD results revealed that zinc oxide and graphite carbon nitride have a hexagonal wurtzite structure and a hexagonal structure, respectively. …”
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