Surface hydrogenation treatment facilitating ultra-low temperature diffusion bonding of Zr-4 alloy by Xinrui Guo, Qing Chang, Lixia Zhang, Zhan Sun, Bo Zhang, Zeming Wang, Zhenwen Yang, Boyu Zhang

“…The microstructure of the hydrogenated layer was detected as δ-ZrH2 and ε-ZrH2. γ-ZrH phase was detected on the interface between the hydrogenated layer and α-Zr base metal. …”
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Bioresorbable fibers for interstitial null-separation diffuse optical spectroscopy using fast temporal gating by Vamshi Damagatla, Nadia G Boetti, Laura Di Sieno, Diego Pugliese, Ilaria Bargigia, Davide Janner, Alberto Dalla Mora, Antonio Pifferi

“…Time-domain diffuse optical spectroscopy with bioresorbable fibers could detect spectral changes without being affected by blood extravasation at the fiber tips and could help for long-term monitoring in tissue healing, thermal treatment, photodynamic therapy and ultimately, towards minimally invasive medical procedures.…”
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Localized Diffusion Processes in the Growth of α-Fe2O3 Whiskers and Platelets on Iron by E.A. Gulbransen, T.P. Copan, K.F. Andrew

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Composite Lymphoma Comprising Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma and Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma by Shin Nagai, Junji Hiraga, Noriyuki Suzuki, Naruko Suzuki, Yusuke Takagi, Michihiko Narita, Yoshitoyo Kagami

“…We report a rare case of composite lymphoma comprising extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type, (ENKL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in a 70-year-old man complaining of fatigue. …”
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scVAEDer: integrating deep diffusion models and variational autoencoders for single-cell transcriptomics analysis by Mehrshad Sadria, Anita Layton

“…Here, we introduce scVAEDer, a scalable deep-learning model that combines the power of variational autoencoders and deep diffusion models to learn a meaningful representation that retains both global structure and local variations. …”
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Electron energization and mixing observed by MMS in the vicinity of an electron diffusion region during magnetopause reconnection by Li‐Jen Chen, Michael Hesse, Shan Wang, Daniel Gershman, Robert Ergun, Craig Pollock, Roy Torbert, Naoki Bessho, William Daughton, John Dorelli, Barbara Giles, Robert Strangeway, Christopher Russell, Yuri Khotyaintsev, Jim Burch, Thomas Moore, Benoit Lavraud, Tai Phan, Levon Avanov

“…The meandering signatures manifested as triangular and crescent structures are established features of the electron diffusion region (EDR). Effects of meandering electrons on the electric field normal to the reconnection layer are detected. …”
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Research progress on application of diffusion weighted imaging and introvoxel incoherent motion in the diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy by ZHENG Zai-qiong, WANG Deng-wei, LI Huan, XIE Xi-sheng, FENG Jie

“…Diabetic nephropathy(DN)is one of main chronic microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus(DM).Previous early diagnosis of DN mainly relied on medical history,laboratory examination and renal biopsy,but laboratory examination was easily affected by physiology,pathology and other factors.Renal biopsy was invasive and difficult to be accepted.Therefore,it is of great significance to explore new technologies for early diagnosis of DN.Diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging(DWI)and intravoxel incoherent motion magnetic resonance imaging(IVIM-MR)can indirectly reflect the changes of tissue microstructure by detecting the Brownian motion of water molecules in living tissues,and can study the pathophysiological status of diseases at the cellular and molecular levels.It may bring new methods to the diagnosis of DN.This article reviews the progress of application o DWI and IVIM in the diagnosis of DN in recent years.…”
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Number of blood neutrophil granulocytes is associated with diffuse coronary involvement in patients with increased lipoprotein (a) by A. Yu. Filatova, E. A. Larina, O. I. Afanasieva, L. N. Ilina, N. V. Radukhina, M. I. Afanasieva, E. A. Klesareva, A. A. Shiryaev, S. K. Kurbanov, E. E. Vlasova, V. P. Vasiliev, Sergey N. Pokrovsky, Tatiana I. Arefieva

“…Activation of neutrophil granulocytes upon addition of Lp(a) was assessed in whole blood and in primary cell culture.Results. In patients with diffuse coronary stenosis, there was a tendency to higher Lp(a) levels; no changes in other lipid profile parameters were detected. …”
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Leveling up: along-level diffusion tensor imaging in the spinal cord of multiple sclerosis patients by Atlee A. Witt, Atlee A. Witt, Anna J. E. Combes, Anna J. E. Combes, Grace Sweeney, Logan E. Prock, Delaney Houston, Seth Stubblefield, Colin D. McKnight, Kristin P. O’Grady, Kristin P. O’Grady, Kristin P. O’Grady, Seth A. Smith, Seth A. Smith, Seth A. Smith, Kurt G. Schilling, Kurt G. Schilling

“…IntroductionMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neuroinflammatory disease marked by demyelination and axonal degeneration, processes that can be probed using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). In the brain, white matter (WM) tractography enables anatomically specific analysis of microstructural changes. …”
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Evaluating the impact of denoising diffusion MRI data on tractometry metrics of optic tract abnormalities in glaucoma by Daiki Taguma, Shumpei Ogawa, Hiromasa Takemura

“…Abstract Diffusion MRI (dMRI)-based tractometry is a non-invasive neuroimaging method for evaluating white matter tracts in living humans, capable of detecting abnormalities caused by disorders. …”
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Early Alterations in De Novo Parkinson’s Disease Revealed by Diffusion Tensor Imaging: Preliminary Study by Francesca Di Giuliano, Noemi Pucci, Maria Lina Serio, Eliseo Picchi, Silvia Minosse, Valentina Ferrazzoli, Valerio Da Ros, Tommaso Schirinzi, Matteo Conti, Roberta Bovenzi, Davide Mascioli, Francesco Garaci

“…This study aimed to investigate early changes in the putamen and thalamus in de novo PD patients using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) compared to healthy controls. …”
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The use of diffusion-tensor imaging to assess microstructural integrity of white matter of patients with Alzheimer’s disease by V. A. Perepelov, V. I. Solodovnikov, V. E. Sinitsyn, E. M. Perepelova, N. N. Koberskaya, V. N. Gridin, N. N. Yakhno

“…All participants underwent the same imaging protocol, which included standard clinical- and diffusion tensor pulse sequences. With an MR-image processing software package Olea Medical Sphere 3.0, fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial and radial diffusivity (AxD and RxD) were measured in different brain regions.Results. …”
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Linear and weakly nonlinear multi-diffusive convection in a Navier-Stokes-Voigt fluid layer by D. L. Kiran Kumar, Sangamesh, K. R. Raghunatha

“…The stability of a triply diffusive Voigt fluid layer, where fluid density is influenced by three stratifying agents with different diffusivities (e.g. heat, solute, and another solute like a third agent), has been examined. …”
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Mathematical models and ANFIS for determination of diffusivity and activation energy of button mushroom thin layer drying by Maryam Karimi Motlagh, Babak Beheshti, Ali Mohammad Borghei, Mohammad Gholami Parashkoohi

“…The effective moisture diffusivity for the four temperatures ranged (3.228942E-10 to 1.065814E-09) m2/s. …”
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Artificial Intelligence-Driven Models for Predicting Chloride Diffusion in Concrete: A Comparative Regression Analysis by Yongjie Zhang, Yuhan Zhang

“…This approach can help detect the factors that have a significant impact and improve the estimation of the durability of a concrete construction. …”
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Diffusivity Coefficient of Shogaol Degradation into Paradol in the Reactive Extraction of Ginger Dregs through Subcritical Water by Mohamad Endy Yulianto, Bakti Jos, Budiyono

“…The reactive extraction of shogaol and gingerol bioactive compounds using subcritical water is believed to increase diffusivity and selectivity of extraction process. However, a significant problem in extracting shogaol is the thermal degradation of shogaol into paradol under certain process conditions, leading to a reduction in shogaol yield. …”
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Guided Conditional Diffusion Classifier (ConDiff) for Enhanced Prediction of Infection in Diabetic Foot Ulcers by Palawat Busaranuvong, Emmanuel Agu, Deepak Kumar, Shefalika Gautam, Reza Saadati Fard, Bengisu Tulu, Diane Strong

“…<italic>Goal:</italic> To accurately detect infections in Diabetic Foot Ulcers (DFUs) using photographs taken at the Point of Care (POC). …”
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Quantitative Evaluation by Glucose Diffusion of Microleakage in Aged Calcium Silicate-Based Open-Sandwich Restorations by S. Koubi, H. Elmerini, G. Koubi, H. Tassery, J. Camps

“…After 1 year, the teeth were submitted to glucose diffusion, and the resulting data were analyzed with a nonparametric Mann-Whitney test. …”
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Small-angle Al2O3 grain boundaries achieve ultralow oxygen diffusion by Wen-Jing Wang, Chao Li, Hong-Xu Zhang, Guan-Jun Yang, Lin Chen

“…Finally, the [0001] selective nucleation growth of alumina was achieved by stepwise sintering, and ultralow-oxygen-diffusion Gb(104)/(110) was successfully prepared, which was consistent with the simulation results. …”
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Caracterización metalográfica de capas cromadas por difusión // Metallographic characterization of diffusion chromized layers by J. E. González Ruiz, R. Quintana Puchol, A. Duffus Scot, A. Rodríguez Cristo

“…<br />Furthermore, a cast iron with a perlitic matrix was selected.</p><p><br />Key words: Di f fusion chromized, deposi t ion, chromi t es, layer.…”
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