Turbulent Transport Efficiency of Momentum and Sscalar over Forest Canopy in Southern Sichuan by Yi DING, Yu ZHANG, Demin FAN, Youqi SU, Qian ZHANG, Yanqi WANG, Yanqi WANG

“…The turbulent transport characteristics of momentum and scalar over the canopy were studied by using the three levels （20 m， 38 m and 56 m） turbulence data measured at the 60m forest micro meteorological tower in southern Sichuan from May 1 to June 30， 2021.Coherent structure is the main form of turbulent motion， which is composed of updraft （ejection） and downdraft （sweep）.In this paper， the quadrant analysis method is used to analyze the boundary of the roughness sublayer， roughness sublayer and constant flux layer above the forest canopy and the ejection-sweep motion characteristics of the constant flux layer， including the difference of ejection and sweep contribution to flux， the difference between momentum and scalar transport， and the difference between different scalar （T， q， CO2） transport.The results show that under unstable and stable conditions， the ejection dominates the scalar transport at all three levels， while the sweep is the main eddy current motion for scalar transport above the roughness sublayer under neutral conditions.For the momentum flux， under unstable conditions， the ejection dominates at all three levels.Under stable conditions， the ejection dominates at the roughness sublayer and the constant flux layer， while at the boundary of the roughness sublayer and the constant flux layer， the effect of the sweep is greater than that of the ejection.Under neutral conditions， the flux contribution of the sweep is greater than that of the ejection except for the roughness sublayer.The third-order cumulant expansion method （CEM） can more accurately express the flux contribution caused by ejection and sweep， while the incomplete cumulant expansion method （ICEM） is poor in simulating the temperature at the boundary of roughness sublayer and constant flux layer.Through the calculation of transmission efficiency， the difference between momentum and scalar transmission is further quantified.The turbulent transfer efficiency of momentum decreases with increasing instability， while the heat transfer efficiency is the opposite.Atmospheric stability is an important factor controlling momentum and scalar transfer， and the transfer efficiency of water vapor is less affected by atmospheric stability.Under the condition of strong instability， the heat transfer efficiency is more effective than other scalar transfer.…”
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Adaptation of potato cultivars to phosphorus variability and enhancement of phosphorus efficiency by Bacillus subtilis by Leangsrun Chea, Mohammad Alhussein, Petr Karlovsky, Elke Pawelzik, Marcel Naumann

“…Conversely, Lady Claire exhibited lower P assimilation efficiency under low P levels but demonstrated improved efficiency under high P availability. …”
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Ruthenium (II)-coordinated supramolecular drug self-assembly for efficient combination chemotherapy by Haonan Ma, Yifan Jin, Jintao Li, Xuedong Xiao, Chengfei Liu, Wei Tian

“…These systems are proposed to provide a stable and efficient transport platform for delivering drugs, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of combination chemotherapy. …”
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An efficient method for predicting the morphology of proppant packs based on a surrogate model by Tao ZHANG, Hangyu ZHOU, Yifan ZHANG, Jianchun GUO, Haoran GOU, Tang TANG

“…Accurate prediction of the in-fracture proppant placement patterns can help optimize the fracturing design and improve fracturing efficiency. Currently, experimental and numerical methods are the main approaches for reproducing the proppant accumulation process and placement patterns in fractures. …”
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Reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 variants: The issues of hybrid immunity efficiency by I. A. Pobozhaya, N. M. Kalinina, N. V. Makarova

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Driving Strategy Using an Improved Ant Colony System for Energy-Efficient Train by Chengda Yang, Kun Miao, Jieyuan Wang

“…To solve this model efficiently, an improved ant colony system algorithm with the difference edges (ACSd) is proposed, which takes the heuristic effect of the difference between the best solutions of two adjacent iterations, i.e., “the difference edges,” into account. …”
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Efficiency and Reliability of Broiler Weighing Methods in Commercial Environments: A Comparative Evaluation by Isis Mariana Dombrowsky Leal Pasian, Robson Mateus Freitas Silveira, Jessica Nacarato Reple, Hilton Tadeu Zarate Couto, Iran José Oliveira da Silva

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Efficient Multi-Task Training with Adaptive Feature Alignment for Universal Image Segmentation by Yipeng Qu, Joohee Kim

“…The learnable task token automatically captures inter-task differences from both image features and text queries during training, providing a more effective and efficient solution than a predefined text-based token. …”
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The Impact of Market Maker Competition on Price Efficiency Features in the Tunisian stock Market by F. Hachicha

“…In addition, the price efficiency increased considerably after the introduction of new market makers by using the difference-in-difference (DID) model. …”
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The impact of cigarette smoking on the efficiency of local anesthesia during simple tooth extraction by Noor Mohammed Al-Noori, Noor Sahban Ibraheem, Mohammed Majid Abdulmunem

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Inputs-Oriented VRS DEA in dairy farms [version 3; peer review: 2 approved, 1 approved with reservations, 1 not approved] by C. A. Zuniga-Gonzalez, J. L. Jaramillo-Villanueva, N.E Blanco-Roa

“…These findings highlight the diverse landscape of efficiency levels across different technological approaches within the agricultural sector, offering valuable insights for optimization strategies and resource allocation. …”
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Dependence of АRT efficiency from the infection route in HIV infected patients by D. H. Zhyvytsia, V. H. Kazeka

“…Immunological and virological efficiency of ART in the patients with HIV-infection IDUs received SMT after 12 months of the treatment didn`t differ from the group of patients infected by the sexual contact. …”
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Computationally Efficient Design of an LNA Input Matching Network Using Automatic Differentiation by Kiran A. Shila

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Analysis of the Saliency Ratio Effect on the Output Torque and the System Efficiency in IPM Drives by Mikail Koç, Osman Emre Özçiflikçi

“…First, efficient torque control systems have been implemented and successfully achieved for two identical IPMs with only difference in saliency ratios. …”
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Blockchain and tokenized carbon markets: Empirical evidence on market efficiency and transaction dynamics by Haykel Tlili

“…These insights inform policymakers, regulators, and investors aiming to design resilient, efficient, and scalable digital carbon markets.…”
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EFFICIENCY OF TRANSPULMONARY THERMODILUTION IN THE OPTIMIZATION OF INTENSIVE TREATMENT IN PATIENTS WITH SEVERE NOSOCOMIAL PNEUMONIA by S. N. Avdeykin, I. N. Tyurin, N. A. Karpun

“…Objective: to evaluate the efficiency of transpulmonary thermodilution (TPTD) for the choice of measures to correct hemodynamics in patients with severe nosocomial pneumonia (NP). …”
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Validity, Reliability, and Efficiency of a Standard Goniometer, Medical Inclinometer, and Builder’s Inclinometer by June Hanks, Betsy Myers

“…Because time can be a barrier to clinician assessment, the greater efficiency and reliability of inclinometers warrants consideration as the new measurement standard. …”
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The Athlete’s Brain: Cross-Sectional Evidence for Neural Efficiency during Cycling Exercise by Sebastian Ludyga, Thomas Gronwald, Kuno Hottenrott

“…The “neural efficiency” hypothesis suggests that experts are characterized by a more efficient cortical function in cognitive tests. …”
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Efficient spectral data reduction for accurate iodine quantification in multi-energy CT by Olivia F. Sandvold, Roland Proksa, Heiner Daerr, Amy E. Perkins, Kevin M. Brown, Thomas Koehler, Ravindra M. Manjeshwar, Peter B. Noël

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Comparative analysis of the diagnostic efficiency of the four thyroid imaging reporting and data systems by Jun Xu, Wei-Bing Zhang, Wen-Fang Deng, Bei-Li He, Ting-Yue Qi

“…The purpose of this study was to comparative analyze the diagnostic efficiency of Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System proposed by Kwak, American College of Radiology, the European Thyroid Association and the Chinese Medical Association, respectively (Kwak TI-RADS, ACR TI-RADS, EU-TIRADS and C-TIRADS, respectively) for malignant risk stratification of thyroid nodules. …”
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