Degenerated nerve grafts provide similar quality and outcome in reconstructing critical nerve defects as compared to fresh nerve grafts by Philipp Tratnig-Frankl, Martin Schmoll, Udo Maierhofer, Johanna Klepetko, Florian J. Jaklin, Lisa H. Jöns, Homayon Zirak, Christopher Festin, Leopold Harnoncourt, Vlad Tereshenko, Konstantin D. Bergmeister, Konstantin D. Bergmeister, Oskar C. Aszmann, Oskar C. Aszmann

“…The mean muscle weight, comparing injured to uninjured side, was 0.32 (±0.06) in the fresh graft group and 0.32 (±0.04) in the degenerated graft group (p = 0.964).ConclusionThe use of predegenerated nerve grafts for critical nerve reconstruction showed no statistical inferiority as compared to the fresh grafts in any of the evaluated outcome. Overall, these results are promising, particularly in the context of critical nerve defects involving multiple nerves, where the use of a degenerated grafts often remains the only additional source of graft material.…”
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Microfracture for medium size to large knee chondral defects has limited long‐term efficacy: A systematic review by Varun Gopinatth, Garrett R. Jackson, Daniel C. Touhey, Jorge Chahla, Matthew V. Smith, Matthew J. Matava, Robert H. Brophy, Derrick M. Knapik

“…Conclusions At a mean 10‐year or greater follow‐up, microfracture for chondral defects of the knee 2–4 cm2 in size demonstrated a high rate of osteoarthritis progression with poor healing of the chondral defect and low overall return‐to‐sport rates. …”
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Enhancing Sustainable Manufacturing in Industry 4.0: A Zero-Defect Approach Leveraging Effective Dynamic Quality Factors by Rouhollah Khakpour, Ahmad Ebrahimi, Seyed Mohammad Seyed Hosseini

“…<p style="text-align: left;"><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p style="text-align: left;">his paper presents a stepwise approach to achieving zero-defect production. In addition to eliminating waste in manufacturing resources, it also evaluates the impact of these improvements on sustainability. …”
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Investigation and evaluation of construction and commissioning risks in construction projects (Case Study: Hospital) by Ibrahim Abdolahnejad, Ahad Nazari, Milad Rahmatinia

“…Costs overrun, delays and quality defects, in construction project, is the result of the poor project performance. …”
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Effectiveness of Bilayer Scaffold Containing Chitosan/Gelatin/Diclofenac and Bovine Hydroxyapatite on Cartilage/Subchondral Regeneration in Rabbit Joint Defect Models by Andhi Suyatno, Wa O. Nurfinti, Chika P. A. Kusuma, Yusuf A. Pratama, Chrismawan Ardianto, null Samirah Samirah, Erreza Rahadiansyah, Junaidi Khotib, Aniek S. Budiatin

“…Subchondral defects are often caused by trauma involving cartilage damage, leading to subsequent damage to the underlying bone, specifically the subchondral region. …”
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Basic therapy efficacy in children with pulmonary hypertension related to congenital heart defects: place of endothelial dysfunction and systemic inflammation markers by E. Yu. Emelyanchik, N. G. Wolf, E. P. Kirillova, L. N. Antsiferova, O. A. Domozhakova, A. B. Salmina

“…Aim. To evaluate efficacy of the specific therapy by results of 4-year observation of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with congenital heart defects (PH-CHD)Material and methods. …”
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Ozonated Aloe vera Oil Effective Increased the Number of Fibroblasts and Collagen Thickening in the Healing Response of Full-Thickness Skin Defects by Ahsanu Taqwim Hidayat, Muhamad Thohar Arifin, Muhammad Nur, Muflihatul Muniroh, Neni Susilaningsih

“…This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of ozonated Aloe vera oil on the wound healing response of full-thickness defect tissue in Sprague-Dawley rats, assessed by collagen thickness and the number of fibroblasts. …”
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YOLOPears: a novel benchmark of YOLO object detectors for multi-class pear surface defect detection in quality grading systems by Junsheng Chen, Junsheng Chen, Haoxuan Fu, Haoxuan Fu, Chuhan Lin, Chuhan Lin, Xian Liu, Lijin Wang, Lijin Wang, Yaohua Lin, Yaohua Lin

“…This study presents PearSurfaceDefects, a self-constructed dataset, containing 13,915 images across six categories, with 66,189 bounding box annotations. …”
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The impact of autogenous bone grafts on the regeneration of radial bone defects in rabbits compared to autogenous advanced platelet-rich fibrin plus by Taher Naser Elmeshreghi, Fathy D. El-Seddawy, Mohamed Gomaa, Mustafa Abd El Raouf, Shimaa Ahmed Ezzeldein

“…Aim: To determine the regenerative potential following the sole implantation of rib, coccygeal, and A-PRF+ autografts to repair radial bone defects in rabbits. Methods: Radial mid-shaft defects of 10 mm were created on the left limb of 24 rabbits. …”
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Reinforcement of osteochondoral defects repair with leukocyte platelet-rich fibrin and bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells in a rabbit model by Mohamed Salem, Awad Rizk, Esam Mosbah, Adel Zaghloul, Gamal Karrouf

“…The present study evaluate the regeneration of osteochondoral defects in rabbits using PRF and BM-MNCs through immunohistochemical (IHC) and gene expression of collagen type II and aggrecan in the regenerated tissue at 3, 6 and 12 weeks postoperative. …”
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Neural tube defects in a war-torn Tigray regional state of Ethiopia: a retrospective study of 54,626 deliveries by Birhane Alem Berihu, Afework Mulugeta, Tony Magana, Masresha Tessema, Tafere Gebreegziabher, Yibrah Berhe, Abadi Leul Welderufael, Hayelom Kebede Mekonen

“…The data analysis involved using SPSS version 27 for comprehensive data management and statistical evaluation. Descriptive statistics provided an overview of the data, while binary logistic regression offered insights into the factors associated with neural tube defects. …”
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Stem Cells Within Three-Dimensional-Printed Scaffolds Facilitate Airway Mucosa and Bone Regeneration and Reconstruction of Maxillary Defects in Rabbits by Mi Hyun Lim, Jung Ho Jeon, Sun Hwa Park, Byeong Gon Yun, Seok-Won Kim, Dong-Woo Cho, Jeong Hak Lee, Do Hyun Kim, Sung Won Kim

“…<i>Materials and Methods</i>: hNTSCs were induced to differentiate into either mucosal epithelial or osteogenic cells in vitro. hNTSCs were seeded into polycaprolactone scaffold (three-dimensionally printed) that were implanted into rabbits with maxillary defects. Four weeks later, tissue regeneration was analyzed via histological evaluation and immunofluorescence staining. …”
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Maternal use of cough medications during early pregnancy and selected birth defects: a US multisite, case–control study by Martha M Werler, Paul Romitti, Yanyan Cao, Anthony Rhoads, Trudy Burns, Ryan M Carnahan, Kristin M Conway, Allen Mitchell

“…Objective To examine associations between maternal use of cough medications containing dextromethorphan (DM) without guaifenesin (glyceryl guaiacolate (GG)) (‘DM alone’), GG without DM (‘GG alone’) or DM +GG and major birth defects in offspring.Design Population-based case–control study.Setting The multisite, US National Birth Defects Prevention Study.Participants Mothers of 1644 children with neural tube defects (NTDs), 15 110 with non-NTDs, and 10 671 control children without a birth defect diagnosis.Main outcome measures ORs and 95% CIs.Results For NTD analysis, 1.7% of mothers of case children and 1.2% of mothers of control children reported using DM alone, 1.1% and 0.6% GG alone, and 0.4% and 0.2% DM +GG. …”
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Comparison of long-term ankle joint function after one-stage and staged microsurgical repair of open achilles tendon defects by Jianjie Mao, Yang Xiang, Hui Chu, GenYang Jin, Guangyan Su, Chang zeng Liu, Feng Zhu

“…Abstract Purpose To explore the differences in long-term ankle joint function between one-stage and staged microsurgical repair of open Achilles tendon defects. Methods A retrospective analysis of the surgical treatment and follow-up data of 147 patients with open Achilles tendon defects from January 2007 to September 2023 was conducted. …”
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Macular Retinal Ganglion Cell Complex Thickness and Its Relationship to the Optic Nerve Head Topography in Glaucomatous Eyes with Hemifield Defects by Seiji T. Takagi, Yoshiyuki Kita, Asuka Takeyama, Goji Tomita

“…The correlation between the mGCC thickness in hemispheres corresponding to hemifields with and without defects (damaged and intact hemispheres, respectively) and the optic nerve head topography corresponding to the respective hemispheres was evaluated in 18 glaucomatous eyes. …”
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Diagnostic Ability of Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness Deviation Map for Localized and Diffuse Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Defects by Joong Won Shin, Mincheol Seong, Jung Wook Lee, Eun Hee Hong, Ki Bang Uhm

“…Purpose. To evaluate the diagnostic ability of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) deviation map for glaucoma with localized or diffuse RNFL defects. …”
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A Method for Searching for Defective Solar Panels in Telemetry Data of a Power Plant Based on the Results of a Digital Twin by K. S. Dzik

“…It has been established that when analyzing deviations of normalized power values at the maximum power point PN, it is possible to detect solar panels that have defects or operate with loss of efficiency.…”
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A Real-Time Green and Lightweight Model for Detection of Liquefied Petroleum Gas Cylinder Surface Defects Based on YOLOv5 by Burhan Duman

“…Industry requires defect detection to ensure the quality and safety of products. …”
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Atoh8 expression inhibition promoted osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs and inhibited cell proliferation in vitro and rat bone defect models by Zian Yi, Shuang Song, Yuxin Bai, Guanhua Zhang, Yuxi Wang, Zijun Chen, Xuefeng Chen, Banglian Deng, Xiangdong Liu, Zuolin Jin

“…This approach improved bone healing in rat defect models, accelerating repair both in vitro and in vivo. …”
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Rapid defect prediction and optimisation method for Ti-modified AlCuMg alloys processed by laser powder-bed fusion by Ziqian Wang, Yuhan Qian, Tengteng Sun, Yakai Xiao, Zijue Tang, Yi Wu, Hua Sun, Xingtian Liu, Haowei Wang, Hongze Wang

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