Enhancing Quality Control: A Study on AI and Human Performance in Flip Chip Defect Detection by Wannisa Cheamsiri, Anuchit Jitpattanakul, Paisarn Muneesawang, Konlakorn Wongpatikaseree, Narit Hnoohom

“…This study introduces an advanced defect inspection model that utilizes object detection techniques to identify defects in Flip Chip cross-section images. …”
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Implementing a deep learning model for defect classification in Thai Arabica green coffee beans by Sujitra Arwatchananukul, Dan Xu, Phasit Charoenkwan, Sai Aung Moon, Rattapon Saengrayap

“…This research developed a classification model based on a Convolutional Neural Network to detect 17 types of defects in green coffee beans. The image augmentation phase was enhanced by rotating images at 45, 90, 135, 180, 225, and 270° and expanding the dataset from 979 original images across 17 defect types to a robust 6,853 images. …”
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Assessment of cardiac conduction defects in normotensive type 2 diabetic patients and their relation with diabetic nephropathy by Komal Verma Saluja, Prakarsh Sharma, Swati Gupta, Sidharth Sharma, Saurabh Chittora, Gaurav Bhargava

“…Spot urinary albumin–creatinine ratio (ACR) and eGFR were evaluated. Each ECG was thoroughly studied to determine the prevalence of certain cardiac conduction defects, such as bundle branch, fascicular and AV blocks. …”
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Utilizing Multi-omics analysis to elucidate the role of mitochondrial gene defects in Gastric cancer progression. by Jie Chu, Hanying Song, Kemin Fu, Wei Xiao, Jiudong Jiang, Qixin Gan, Bo Deng

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Investigating Tree Family Machine Learning Techniques for a Predictive System to Unveil Software Defects by Rashid Naseem, Bilal Khan, Arshad Ahmad, Ahmad Almogren, Saima Jabeen, Bashir Hayat, Muhammad Arif Shah

“…Software defects prediction at the initial period of the software development life cycle remains a critical and important assignment. …”
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Impaction bone grafting for acetabular bone defects replacement in revision hip arthroplasty: biomechanical aspects by Vadim N. Golnik, Natalia V. Fedorova, Alexey Y. Larichkin, Svetlana V. Boyko, Andrey A. Panchenko, Alexandr M. Kosinov, Vladimir A. Peleganchuk, Vitaliy V. Pavlov

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Modeling of Ultrasonic Flaw Detection Processes in the Task of Searching and Visualizing Internal Defects in Assemblies and Structures by B. V. Sobol, A. N. Soloviev, P. V. Vasiliev, A. A. Lyapin

“…It opens up new perspectives in nondestructive testing for the detection of internal defects in various materials and structures. Its objective is to develop and implement nondestructive testing methods based on a neural network device to improve the accuracy of defect identification, as well as to build a neural network model and evaluate its effectiveness for the refinement of ultrasonic visualization of internal defects in solid materials. …”
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Diagnostic accuracy of the TsiogkaSpaeth grid test for detecting visual field defects in patients with glaucoma by George L Spaeth, Evangelia Samoli, Efthymios Karmiris, Anastasia Tsiogka, Klio I Chatzistefanou, Konstantina Koulotsiou, Vasileios Papastavrou, Georgios I Triantafyllopoulos, Dimitrios Papaconstantinou

“…Of them, 19 had glaucomatous defects in both eyes, 12 had defects in 1 eye only and 21 had no defects in either eye. …”
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Multimodal dynamic retinal vessel analysis offers new insights in microvascular defects in Fabry’s disease by Abdelrahman Assaf, Konstantin Kotliar, Arno Schmidt-Trucksäss, Ines Lanzl

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Directly anterior approach for total hip arthroplasty with an acetabular structural bone graft for developmental dysplasia of the hip (Crowe III and IV): a concise 5-year follow-up... by Lijia Pei, Ben Liu, Yifan Wu, Yuanhang Wang, Wenhao Sun, Wenju Chang, Xinshe Zhou

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P418: Novel presentation of congenital bile acid synthesis defect-3 with skeletal abnormalities and hypotonia by Hope Marshall, Jennifer Black, Robert Roger Lebel, Kristin Razawich

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A Comparative Study of Supervised and Self-Supervised Denoising Techniques for Defect Segmentation in Industrial CT Imaging by Virginia Florian, Jiayang Shi, Willem Jan Palestijn, Daniël M. Pelt, K. Joost Batenburg, Thomas Lang, Christoph Heinzl, Christian Kretzer, Stefan Kasperl, Dominik Wolfschläger, Robert H. Schmitt

“… X-ray computed tomography (CT) is a powerful imaging tool for defect detection, segmentation and feature extraction in industrial applications as it enables non-destructive evaluation. …”
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Maternal Medication Use in Pregnancy: A Narrative Review on Assessing and Communicating the “Risk” of Birth Defects to the Patient by Sura Alwan, Kimberly S. Grant

“…Risk assessment of birth defects in human pregnancy involves collecting and synthesizing available data through a proper and rule-driven evaluation of scientific literature. …”
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Research on defect image inversion method based on multiple lift-off values magnetic memory signals by Deng Shijie, Chen Hailong, Gao Wanfeng, Jiang Zhaoyi, Zhang Xiaotao

“…We used the same model to test this approach and applied it on real crack defects magnetic field data. It demonstrates that the new inversion approach shows better accuracy than the single lift-off value and it was possible to infer the location and size of defect by the evaluation of preset dipoles.…”
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Comparative analysis of bone healing in subcritical defects with air turbine and electric handpiece in a rat model. by Izabella Sol, Henrique Hadad, Tatsuya Henrique Kano, Karen Rawen Tonini, Martina Andreia Lage Nunes, Daniela Ponzoni

“…The Control Group (CG) had bone defect made using an air turbine device, while the Experimental Group (EG) had defects made using an electric handpiece. …”
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FD-YOLO11: A Feature-Enhanced Deep Learning Model for Steel Surface Defect Detection by Zichen Dang, Xingshuo Wang

“…Steel surface defect detection plays a critical quality control role in industrial manufacturing. …”
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Comparison of the healing process of xenografts with three different sources in critical-size bone defects: An in vivo study by Reza Amid, Mahdi Kadkhodazadeh, Aida Kheiri, Shiva Esfandiari

“…The present in vivo study evaluated bone regeneration after using three types of xenografts with different sources in critical-sized bone defects in rabbit calvaria. …”
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Spectral analysis of mechanical and chemical defects by the parameters of the wattmetrogram of drawer drive pumping unit in the process of operation by V. A. Manakhov, A. N. Tsvetkov

“…This method of spectral analysis of the wattmetrogram signal with the help of the MatLab program makes it possible to identify mechanical and chemical defects of the SRPU according to the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the wattmetrogram parameters.…”
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Character-word level ensemble integrated model for power transformer defect recording text mining method by LI Yuan, LI Rui, LIN Jinshan, JIN Lingfeng, SHAO Xianjun, ZHANG Guanjun

“…Compared to single-text classification algorithms, this method can obtain the semantic features of the text more comprehensively, achieving a classification precision of 91% and F1 score of 0.9, which is the comprehensive evaluation score for model precision and recall. By applying natural language processing technology to precise power equipment defect recoding text classification and efficient fault recognition, data resources are awakened, and the intelligent management level of power transformers is significantly improved.…”
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Application of Mask R-CNN and YOLOv8 algorithms for defect detection in printed circuit board manufacturing by Maurizio Calabrese, Leonardo Agnusdei, Gianmauro Fontana, Gabriele Papadia, Antonio Del Prete

“…PCB defect dataset released by Open Lab on Human–Robot Interaction of Peking University, HRIPCB) individuates appropriate classes of products and related defects for the context of interest, resulting in a suitable dataset for the performance evaluation of tested algorithms. …”
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